scholarly journals Using lipidomics to reveal details of lipid accumulation in developing Siberian apricot (Prunus sibirica L.) seed kernels

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiting Mai ◽  
Kaisen Huo ◽  
Haiyan Yu ◽  
Nan Zhou ◽  
Lanya Shui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Mature Stage ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Seed Kernel ◽  
Oil Accumulation ◽  
Lipidomic Analysis ◽  
Siberian Apricot ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Abstract Background: The oil content of Siberian apricot seed kernel (SASK) is generally as high as 50%, and biodiesel fuel properties of SASK oil were conformed to EN 14214 and GB/T 20828-2007 standards. Thus, Prunus sibirica is a novel non-crop feedstock for biodiesel production in China. We have been addressing this issue by studying the regulation of oil accumulation in SASK. Results: As part of this research we have carried out a detailed lipidomic analysis in developing SASK. Here, oil contents and fatty acid (FA) compositions were studied in developing SASK from AS-80 and AS-84, at intervals of 1 week from 3 weeks after anthesis (WAA) to 9 weeks. The major differences between the two germplasms are higher contents of C18:1 and C18:2 in AS-80 than in AS-84 at a mature stage. The SASKs of 4, 6 and 8 WAA, respectively representing early, mid and late phases of oil accumulation, were selected as optimal samples for lipidomic analysis. The molecular species in individual lipid classes between AS-80 and AS-84 were similar, and exhibited quite distinct patterns with SASK development. Additionally, the lipidomic data coupled with qRT-PCR analysis suggested that three mechanisms allow the flux of FA through phosphatidylcholine that influenced the molecular composition of eventual TAG. Conclusions: The first report on lipidomic analysis during seed development in wood oilseed plants. Our data contribute significantly to understand the underlying mechanisms of lipid accumulation in P. sibirica, and may also present strategies for engineering oil accumulation in oilseed plants.

scholarly journals Using lipidomics to reveal details of lipid accumulation in developing Siberian apricot (Prunus sibirica L.) seed kernels

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiting Mai ◽  
Kaisen Huo ◽  
Haiyan Yu ◽  
Nan Zhou ◽  
Lanya Shui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Mature Stage ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Seed Kernel ◽  
Oil Accumulation ◽  
Lipidomic Analysis ◽  
Siberian Apricot ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Abstract Background The oil content of Siberian apricot seed kernel (SASK) is generally as high as 50%, and biodiesel fuel properties of SASK oil were conformed to EN 14214 and GB/T 20828-2007 standards. Thus, Prunus sibirica is a novel non-crop feedstock for biodiesel production in China. We have been addressing this issue by studying the regulation of oil accumulation in SASK.Results As part of this research we have carried out a detailed lipidomic analysis in developing SASK. Here, oil contents and fatty acid (FA) compositions were studied in developing SASK from AS-80 and AS-84, at intervals of 1 week from 3 weeks after anthesis (WAA) to 9 weeks. The major differences between the two germplasms are higher contents of C18:1 and C18:2 in AS-80 than in AS-84 at a mature stage. The SASKs of 4, 6 and 8 WAA, respectively representing early, mid and late phases of oil accumulation, were selected as optimal samples for lipidomic analysis. The molecular species in individual lipid classes between AS-80 and AS-84 were similar, and exhibited quite distinct patterns with SASK development. Additionally, the lipidomic data coupled with qRT-PCR analysis suggested that three mechanisms allow the flux of FA through phosphatidylcholine that influenced the molecular composition of eventual TAG.Conclusions The first report on lipidomic analysis during seed development in wood oilseed plants. Our data contribute significantly to understand the underlying mechanisms of lipid accumulation in P. sibirica , and may also present strategies for engineering oil accumulation in oilseed plants.

scholarly journals E3 ubiquitin ligase Grail promotes hepatic steatosis through Sirt1 inhibition

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei-Yao Liu ◽  
Cheng-Cheung Chen ◽  
Chia-Ying Chin ◽  
Te-Jung Liu ◽  
Wen-Chiuan Tsai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Sirtuin 1 ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Hepatic Fat ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

AbstractIn obese adults, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is accompanied by multiple metabolic dysfunctions. Although upregulated hepatic fatty acid synthesis has been identified as a crucial mediator of NAFLD development, the underlying mechanisms are yet to be elucidated. In this study, we reported upregulated expression of gene related to anergy in lymphocytes (GRAIL) in the livers of humans and mice with hepatic steatosis. Grail ablation markedly alleviated the high-fat diet-induced hepatic fat accumulation and expression of genes related to the lipid metabolism, in vitro and in vivo. Conversely, overexpression of GRAIL exacerbated lipid accumulation and enhanced the expression of lipid metabolic genes in mice and liver cells. Our results demonstrated that Grail regulated the lipid accumulation in hepatic steatosis via interaction with sirtuin 1. Thus, Grail poses as a significant molecular regulator in the development of NAFLD.

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress Mediates Vascular Tortuosity

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 926
Author(s):  
Toshio Fumoto ◽  
Shouhei Kinoshita ◽  
Takao Sasaki ◽  
Norihito Shimamura ◽  
Hiroki Ohkuma
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Basilar Artery ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Vascular Tortuosity ◽  
Bilateral Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Stress Related Genes ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Vascular tortuosity is associated with various disorders and is being increasingly detected through advances in imaging techniques. The underlying mechanisms for vascular tortuosity, however, remain unclear. Here, we tested the hypothesis that oxidative stress mediates the generation of tortuous vessels. We used the bilateral common carotid artery (CCA) ligation model to induce vascular tortuosity. Both young and adult rats showed basilar artery tortuous morphological changes one month after bilateral CCA ligation. These tortuous changes were permanent but more pronounced in the adult rats. Microarray and real-time PCR analysis revealed that these tortuous changes were accompanied by the induction of oxidative stress-related genes. Moreover, the indicated model in rabbits showed that tortuous morphological changes to the basilar artery were suppressed by antioxidant treatment. These results are highly suggestive of the significance of oxidative stress in the development of vascular tortuosity. Although further studies will be needed to elucidate the possible mechanisms by which oxidative stress enhances vascular tortuosity, our study also points toward possible prophylaxis and treatment for vascular tortuosity.

Xijiao Dihuang Decoction Alleviates Lung Injury Induced by Sepsis Through Regulating Glycerinpho Spholipid Metabolism Based Lipidomics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Huai yu ◽  
Lin Ming rui ◽  
Wen Dan ◽  
Su Jun feng ◽  
Yao Jie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Injury ◽  
Sepsis Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Lipidomic Analysis ◽  
Lipid Disorders ◽  
Group A ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Fatty Acyls

Abstract Background and Objective: To observe the effect of Xijiao Dihuang Decoction (XJDHT) on lung injury of sepsis mice with lipidomic analysis, and explore the underlying mechanisms.Materials and Methods: C57BL/6 mice were induced sepsis by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration. Animals are pretreated with XJDHT 2 days before LPS regimen, then continue treatment for addition 3 days. Lung tissue are collected for lipidomic analysis by LC/MS/MS. The survival rate is monitor after treatment. Results: After treatment with XJDHT, the histological changes of lung of the sepsis mice were relieved. The lipidomic profiles of the lung in sepsis group were evidently disordered when compared to the control group. A total of 40 significantly differential lipids expression between the sepsis-control groups were identified by multivariate statistical analysis. Septic lung injury may result from such lipid disorders, which are related to fatty acyls metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, phosphosphingolipids metabolism and glycerides metabolism. After XJDHT treatment, the lipidomic profiles of the disorders tend towards alleviated when compared to the sepsis group. Twelve lipid molecules were identified and some glycerophospholipids levels returned close to the normal level. Conclusion: Glycerophospholipid metabolism may play an important role in the treatment of septic lung injury using XJDHT.

scholarly journals Studies on biodiesel produced from Jatropha oil in Cambodia by a non-catalytic using C2H5OH

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-108
Author(s):  
Phuoc Van Nguyen ◽  
Chhoun Vi Thun ◽  
Quan Thanh Pham
Keyword(s):  
Catalyst Deactivation ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Jatropha Oil ◽  
Fuel Blend ◽  
International Standard ◽  
Astm D6751

Different technologies are currently available for biodiesel production from various kinds of lipid containing feedstock. Among them, the alkaline-catalyzed methods are the most widely studied. However, here are several disadvantages related to biodiesel production using alkaline catalysts such as generation of wastewater, catalyst deactivation, difficulty in the separation of biodiesel from catalyst and glycerin, etc. To limit the problems mentioned above, in this study, biodiesel is produced by a non-catalytic using C2H5OH. The effect of experimental variables (the molar ratio ethanol/oil of 41.18:1 – 46.82:1, reaction times of 50 - 90 minutes and reaction temperatures of 2750C - 2950C) on the yield of biodiesel was studied. The 96% yield of Cambodia biodiesel of reaction between C2H5OH and Jatropha Oil at 46:1 at temperature 2900C at 60 minutes no using catalysts. Obtained biodiesel fuel was up to the International Standard ASTM D6751 for biodiesel fuel blend stock (B100).

scholarly journals Analysis of Genotypic Variation and Selection of Superior Genotypes of Balanites roxburghii Planch. from South India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guggalada Govardhana Yadav ◽  
Niranjana Murthy Hosakatte
Keyword(s):  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Seed Kernel ◽  
Superior Genotypes ◽  
Fruit Characters ◽  
Important Medicinal Plant ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Balanites roxburghii is an important medicinal plant of India and is used in the treatment of various diseases and disorders. Seeds possess a high amount of oil and could be used in biodiesel production. This plant is also a source of diosgenin, a therapeutically useful compound. Domestication of this plant provides opportunities for the commercial production of those valuable products. Hence the present study was planned to assess the variability of B. roxburghii in Southern India and identifying the superior genotypes based on the morphological characterization. A total of 45 accessions from 35 populations were collected and variation in 9 quantitative and 3 qualitative morphological traits related to fruits was analyzed. Fruit weight showed the highest variation, ranging from 10.23 g in the accession KA-04C to 37.69 g in TN-03. Pulp weight was ranged from 1.71 g in KA-04C to 10.24 g in TN-03. Seed kernel weight was highest in TE-04 (3.87 g) followed by KA-04A (3.21 g) and TE-05A (2.98 g). PCA analysis showed that fruit weight, fruit length, fruit width, pulp weight, rind weight, and endocarp weight were the major traits contributing to the diversity. Cluster analysis resulted in the formation of 4 groups and among them, 2 accessions of clusters 3 and 6 accessions of cluster 4 showed superior fruit characters by having the highest fruit weight, pulp weight, and seed kernel weight. Accessions of these groups could be considered in future domestication programs.

scholarly journals Effects of nitrogen, phosphorus, EDTA and sodium chloride on biomass and lipid accumulation of Chaetomorpha aerea

2020 ◽  
pp. 152-158
Author(s):  
Gour Gopal Satpati ◽  
Ruma Pal
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Total Lipid ◽  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Cultural Conditions ◽  
Chaetomorpha Aerea ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

The increase of total lipid and fatty acids production was studied under different nutrient stress conditions using the macroalga, Chaetomorpha aerea. The effects of nitrogen, phosphorus, ethylene diamine tetra-acetate and sodium chloride on the growth and lipid accumulation were systematically investigated in laboratory conditions. The biomass was harvested at different stages of cultivation and assessed. The maximum changes of growth and lipid accumulation were observed in the exponential phase at different cultural conditions. The two-fold increase of total lipid was found in the order of 28.27±0.04 % (at 0.1 g/L nitrogen) > 27.30±0.37 % (at 0.5 g/L of phosphorus) > 25.86±0.77 % (at 0.05 g/L of EDTA)> 24.37±0.04 % (at 0.05 g/L NaCl) on 8th day of cultivation. The fatty acids were identified and quantified by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The alga produces significantly high amount of monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) and saturated fatty acids (SFA) than the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in different cultural conditions. The elevated levels of C16:1, C18:1 and C20:1 was identified under nitrate, phosphate and salt stress conditions, which are more suitable for biodiesel production.

scholarly journals Lipid accumulation of Chlorella sp. TLD6B from the Taklimakan Desert under salt stress

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11525
Author(s):  
Hong Li ◽  
Jun Tan ◽  
Yun Mu ◽  
Jianfeng Gao
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Fatty Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Taklimakan Desert ◽  
Acid Biosynthesis

Chlorella has become an important raw material for biodiesel production in recent years, and Chlorella sp. TLD6B, a species with high lipid concentrations and high salt and drought tolerance, has been cultivated on a large scale. To explore the lipid accumulation of Chlorella sp. TLD6B and its relationship to external NaCl concentrations, we performed physiological measurements and genome-wide gene expression profiling under different levels of salt stress. Chlorella sp. TLD6B was able to tolerate high levels of salt stress (0.8 M NaCl addition). Lipid concentrations initially increased and then decreased as salt stress increased and were highest under the addition of 0.2 M NaCl. Comparative transcriptomic analysis revealed that salt stress enhanced the expression of genes related to sugar metabolism and fatty acid biosynthesis (the ACCases BC and BCCP, KAS II, and GPDHs involved in TAG synthesis), thereby promoting lipid accumulation under the addition of 0.2 M NaCl. However, high salinity inhibited cell growth. Expression of three SADs, whose encoded products function in unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis, was up-regulated under high salinity (0.8 M NaCl addition). This research clarifies the relationship between salt tolerance and lipid accumulation and promotes the utilization of Chlorella sp. TLD6B.

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