scholarly journals Analysis of Genotypic Variation and Selection of Superior Genotypes of Balanites roxburghii Planch. from South India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guggalada Govardhana Yadav ◽  
Niranjana Murthy Hosakatte
Keyword(s):  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Seed Kernel ◽  
Superior Genotypes ◽  
Fruit Characters ◽  
Important Medicinal Plant ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Balanites roxburghii is an important medicinal plant of India and is used in the treatment of various diseases and disorders. Seeds possess a high amount of oil and could be used in biodiesel production. This plant is also a source of diosgenin, a therapeutically useful compound. Domestication of this plant provides opportunities for the commercial production of those valuable products. Hence the present study was planned to assess the variability of B. roxburghii in Southern India and identifying the superior genotypes based on the morphological characterization. A total of 45 accessions from 35 populations were collected and variation in 9 quantitative and 3 qualitative morphological traits related to fruits was analyzed. Fruit weight showed the highest variation, ranging from 10.23 g in the accession KA-04C to 37.69 g in TN-03. Pulp weight was ranged from 1.71 g in KA-04C to 10.24 g in TN-03. Seed kernel weight was highest in TE-04 (3.87 g) followed by KA-04A (3.21 g) and TE-05A (2.98 g). PCA analysis showed that fruit weight, fruit length, fruit width, pulp weight, rind weight, and endocarp weight were the major traits contributing to the diversity. Cluster analysis resulted in the formation of 4 groups and among them, 2 accessions of clusters 3 and 6 accessions of cluster 4 showed superior fruit characters by having the highest fruit weight, pulp weight, and seed kernel weight. Accessions of these groups could be considered in future domestication programs.

scholarly journals Selection of Superior Genotypes in 37 Clones of Camu-Camu by Repetitivity Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 175
Author(s):  
Mario Pinedo Panduro ◽  
Edvan Alves Chagas ◽  
Elvis Paredes Davila ◽  
Carlos Abanto Rodriguez ◽  
Ricardo Bardales Lozano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Reproductive Development ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Peruvian Amazon ◽  
Superior Genotypes ◽  
Selection Of

In order to select camu-camu superior genotypes, a comparative of clones from natural populations, farmer plantations and an experimental field of the National Institute of Agrarian Innovation (INIA), was established in 2004 in varzea, at the Peruvian Amazon Research Institute (IIAP). Nine harvests between 2006 and 2016 have been evaluated, including variables in vegetative and reproductive development states. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS program for analysis of variance and SELEGEN REML/BLUP for repetitivity analysis of “fruit yield” (FY) and “fruit weight” (FW) with 5 and 4 measurements (years) respectively. For FY, a repetitivity index r = 0.117±0.07 was obtained with a selective precision of 0.63 and efficiency of 1.84 where clones 69, 48, 58, 50, 61, 13, 18, 29, 49 and 32, were selected in descending order of merit. For FW, r = 0.690±0.294 was obtained with selective precision of 0.948, efficiency of 1.14 and selection of clones 44, 13, 26, 23, 69, 64 22, 52, 27 and 8. As for the content in ascorbic acid, clones 48, 32 and 35 occupied the first places with more than 2000 mg of ascorbic acid/100 g. The selections achieved strengthened the pre-improvement work by conferring vigour y fiavility of a long term research.

scholarly journals Morpho-agronomic characterization and estimates of genetic parameters in annatto plant

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 242-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilma O Dias ◽  
Tiyoko NH Rebouças ◽  
Abel R São José ◽  
Cláudio LF Amaral
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Environmental Influence ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Tropical America ◽  
Self Fertilization ◽  
Superior Genotypes ◽  
Increasing Demand

ABSTRACT Originally from tropical America, annatto is an important source of natural dyes for food, pharmaceutical and textile industries, especially for the increasing demand of this pigment substituting artificial dyes. The aim of this study was to evaluate genotypic variation of annatto cultivar Embrapa 37, aiming to generate subsidies for breeding programs as well as to help out the producers using vegetative propagation of superior genotypes. Therefore, the morphological characterization was carried out and estimates of genetic and phenotypic parameters, for production and quality of the fruits, were obtained. The results showed wide rate of genetic variability among the plants with low environmental influence on the phenotype for traits bixin content, fruit width, number of fruits per bunch and mass of 100 seeds. The authors concluded that superior genotypes can be selected through the parental performance and propagated vegetatively to form more profitable crops, as well as used in breeding programs through self-fertilization with analysis of resulting progeny.

scholarly journals Variation in morphometric characters, germination and oil content of Terminalia bellirica (Gaertn.) Roxb. seeds collected from various provenances of Odisha, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-327
Author(s):  
Harekrishna Das ◽  
Saswat Nayak ◽  
Diptimayee Sadangi
Keyword(s):  
Oil Content ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Soap Industry ◽  
Progeny Testing ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Good Opportunity ◽  
Morphometric Characters ◽  
Terminalia Bellirica

The wide distribution of Terminalia bellirica in natural forests of Odisha has a good opportunity to identify better genotypes with higher oil yielding potential.  The study related to variation in oil content, morphometric characters and germination of Terminalia bellirica (Gaertn.) Roxb. seeds was carried out in nine provenances viz. Deogan, Bolangir Kasturi Bahal, Narada, Kantamal, Jeypore, Gunupur, Kuchinda and  Ghatikia of Odisha (India) keeping in the importance of the seed oil for biodiesel production, soap industry and medicinal values. T. bellirica is widely distributed in Odisha with gregarious fruiting of which most of the fruits remain unused except used as myrobalan for medicinal purposes. It revealed that Kantamal provenance expressed highest fruits length (3.87cm) and 100 fruit weight (1340.17gm), 100 seed weight(649.05gm) and 100 kernel weight(99.43gm) with maximum oil yield which can be taken up for further improvement study. However, the progeny testing at nursey level was also found to have the same provenance performing best for germination and seedling characters.  

scholarly journals Repeatability of fruit traits from two Hancornia speciosa populations from the core region of the Brazilian Cerrado

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 710-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Eduardo Lazarini da Fonseca ◽  
Fernanda Monteiro de Morais ◽  
Helenice Moura Gonçalves ◽  
Fabiana de Gois Aquino ◽  
Fernando Souza Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Matrix ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Traits ◽  
Effective Selection ◽  
Real Value ◽  
Superior Genotypes ◽  
Hancornia Speciosa ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract: The objective of this work was to estimate the repeatability coefficients of mangaba (Hancornia speciosa) fruit traits, in order to define the number of fruit needed for an accurate selection of superior genotypes, as well as to conjecture about the nature of the phenotypic variation of these traits. Evaluations were performed for 160 fruit of 16 genotypes from two native H. speciosa populations of Goiás Velho and Padre Bernardo, in the state of Goiás, Brazil. Repeatability was estimated by the analysis of variance, principal component analyses based on covariance and on the correlation matrix, and structural analysis based on the correlation matrix. Repeatability estimates for fruit weight, diameter, and length, as well as seed number and weight, were of low magnitude, from 0.02 to 0.62, indicating low heritability. Repeatability estimates for ºBrix, titratable acidity, and ºBrix/acidity ratio were higher, from 0.34 to 0.91, indicating a low to potentially moderate heritability. The number of fruit for an effective selection of the best genotypes for titratable acidity, ºBrix, ºBrix/acidity ratio, and fruit weight is four for a 0.85 accuracy level. However, seven fruit would allow 0.90 accuracy for the same traits, and 0.85 accuracy for fruit length and diameter. The number and weight of seed per fruit are not effective for predicting the real value of a genotype.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity, Phylogenetic Tree and Principal Component Analysis Based on Morpho-Metric Traits of Assam Chilli

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-61
Author(s):  
Prabalee Sarmah ◽  
Debojit Sarma ◽  
Sailen Gogoi
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Perennial Shrub ◽  
Component Traits ◽  
Plant Habit ◽  
Fruit Characters

We evaluated a set of 37 chilli genotypes collected and maintained at Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat for 27 different traits related to plant habit (5), leaf (6), flower (2), fruit (13) and biotic stress (1). The variation in fruit yield among the genotypes could be attributed to high coefficients of variability for component traits viz., number of fruits per plant (91.7%), plant height (80.8%), leaf breadth (55.9 %), fruit weight (49.7%), leaf length (45.4%) fruit length (35.8%), fruit breadth (35.5%) and number of branches per plant (22.2%). Maximum phenotypic variants were observed for fruit traits followed by leaf characteristics. Phylogenetic analysis revealed Euclidean distances varying from a minimum of 2.065 and a maximum of 13.311 indicating the diverse nature of the genotypes. UPGMA clustering grouped the genotypes into 5 distinct clusters. The largest one, cluster I, had 26 genotypes belonging to Capsicum annuum var. acuminatum. Cluster II consisted of Capsicum annuum var. conoides with cone-shaped fruits. Cluster III included Moni Jolokia, a perennial shrub with cone-shaped globose erect fruits which clustered in between the other local C. annuum sp. Bireek and Mem Jolokia. The fourth cluster (IV) included the local chilli genotypes - Mem Jolokia, Bhekuri Jolokia and Haitha Jolokia which were perennial, with green stem and leaves. Cluster V included the C. chinense genotypes consisting of Manipuri Bhut, Bor Bhut and Lota Bhut. The first principal component explained 34.93% of the total variation contributed by mostly leaf and fruit characteristics. The fruit characters in this component showed significant positive correlation with leaf length, breadth and plant height indicating their importance in the morphological characterization of the chilli genotypes.

Analysis of phenotypic diversity of apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) accessions from Jammu and Kashmir, India

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Showkat A. Zargar ◽  
Aijaz A. Wani ◽  
M. I. S. Saggoo
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Prunus Armeniaca ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Jammu And Kashmir ◽  
Fruit Length ◽  
Upgma Dendrogram ◽  
Fruit Quality Traits

Abstract Apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) is a world-wide highly appreciated fruit, with its attractive colour, soft texture and typical flavour. In the current investigation, 68 apricot accessions collected from Jammu and Kashmir, India were analysed to determine the measure of variation using 12 qualitative and 16 quantitative traits with an aim to identify superior apricot accessions with excellent fruit quality traits. High phenotypic variability was observed among the studied apricot accessions with significant differences among most of the qualitative and quantitative traits. Fruit-related characteristics including fruit weight, fruit length, fruit ratio, fruit firmness, fruit shape, fruit suture, stone weight, kernel weight and stone shape were the most diverse with a high coefficient of variation (>30%). One way analysis of variance showed significant differences (P < 0.0001) among all the quantitative traits. Significant positive and negative correlations were observed between all the agronomically important fruit quality traits. The principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that 75.34% of the variability was defined by the first eight components. The unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) dendrogram, based on all traits measured grouped the accessions into two main clusters with several sub-clusters. Both UPGMA dendrogram and PCA scatter plot formed a cluster of 14 accessions, having the highest values regarding most important fruit quality traits such as fruit weight, fruit length and width, fruit ratio, stone weight and kernel weight can be treated as potentially superior accessions. These accessions can be used directly for cultivation and in future apricot breeding programmes. The present findings are promising for genetic resource management, cultivar improvement and commercial applications of apricot in Jammu and Kashmir, India.

scholarly journals Identification of the Optimum Environments for the High Yield and Quality Traits of Lentil Genotypes Evaluated in Multi-Location Trials

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8247
Author(s):  
Dimitrios N. Vlachostergios ◽  
Christos Noulas ◽  
Anastasia Kargiotidou ◽  
Dimitrios Baxevanos ◽  
Evangelia Tigka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Food And Feed ◽  
Superior Genotypes ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
The Ideal

Lentil is a versatile and profitable pulse crop with high nutritional food and feed values. The objectives of the study were to determine suitable locations for high yield and quality in terms of production and/or breeding, and to identify promising genotypes. For this reason, five lentil genotypes were evaluated in a multi-location network consisting of ten diverse sites for two consecutive growing seasons, for seed yield (SY), other agronomic traits, crude protein (CP), cooking time (CT) and crude protein yield (CPY). A significant diversification and specialization of the locations was identified with regards to SY, CP, CT and CPY. Different locations showed optimal values for each trait. Locations E4 and E3, followed by E10, were “ideal” for SY; locations E1, E3 and E7 were ideal for high CP; and the “ideal” locations for CT were E3 and E5, followed by E2. Therefore, the scope of the cultivation determined the optimum locations for lentil cultivation. The GGE-biplot analysis revealed different discriminating abilities and representativeness among the locations for the identification of the most productive and stable genotypes. Location E3 (Orestiada, Region of Thrace) was recognized as being optimal for lentil breeding, as it was the “ideal” or close to “ideal” for the selection of superior genotypes for SY, CP, CT and CPY. Adaptable genotypes (cv. Dimitra, Samos) showed a high SY along with excellent values for CP, CT and CPY, and are suggested either for cultivation in many regions or to be exploited in breeding programs.

scholarly journals Morphological Characterization, Variability and Diversity among Vegetable Soybean (Glycine max L.) Genotypes

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 671
Author(s):  
Nagaraju Shilpashree ◽  
Sarojinikunjamma Nirmala Devi ◽  
Dalasanuru Chandregowda Manjunathagowda ◽  
Anjanappa Muddappa ◽  
Shaimaa A. M. Abdelmohsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Vegetable Soybean ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Commercial Cultivation ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
High Heritability

Vegetable soybean production is dependent on the development of vegetable type varieties that would be achieved by the use of germplasm to evolve new agronomically superior yielding vegetable type with beneficial biochemical traits. This can be accomplished by a better understanding of genetics, which is why the research was conducted to reveal the quantitative genetics of vegetable soybean genotypes. Genetic variability of main morphological traits in vegetable soybean genotypes and their divergence was estimated, as a result of the magnitude of genotypic variation (GV), and phenotypic variation (PV) of traits varied among the genotypes. All traits showed high heritability (h2) associated with high genetic advance percentage mean (GAM). Therefore, these variable traits are potential for genetic improvement of vegetable type soybean. Genetic diversity is the prime need for breeding, and the magnitude of genetic diversity values were maximized among specific genotypes. Eight clusters were found for all genotypes; cluster VIII and cluster I were considered to have the most diversity. Cluster VIII consisted of two genotypes (GM-6 and GM-27), based on the mean outcomes of the high yield attributing traits. Hence, these two (GM-6, GM-27) genotypes can be advanced for commercial cultivation; furthermore, other genotypes can be used as source of breeding lines for genetic improvement of vegetable soybean.

scholarly journals The Recent Progress of Natural Sources and Manufacturing Process of Biodiesel: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 5599
Author(s):  
Eko Supriyanto ◽  
Jayan Sentanuhady ◽  
Ariyana Dwiputra ◽  
Ari Permana ◽  
Muhammad Akhsin Muflikhun
Keyword(s):  
Recent Progress ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Production Method ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Natural Sources ◽  
Harmful Emissions ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Selection Of

Biodiesel has caught the attention of many researchers because it has great potential to be a sustainable fossil fuel substitute. Biodiesel has a non-toxic and renewable nature and has been proven to emit less environmentally harmful emissions such as hydrocarbons (HC), and carbon monoxide (CO) as smoke particles during combustion. Problems related to global warming caused by greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions could also be solved by utilizing biodiesel as a daily energy source. However, the expensive cost of biodiesel production, mainly because of the cost of natural feedstock, hinders the potential of biodiesel commercialization. The selection of natural sources of biodiesel should be made with observations from economic, agricultural, and technical perspectives to obtain one feasible biodiesel with superior characteristics. This review paper presents a detailed overview of various natural sources, their physicochemical properties, the performance, emission, and combustion characteristics of biodiesel when used in a diesel engine. The recent progress in studies about natural feedstocks and manufacturing methods used in biodiesel production were evaluated in detail. Finally, the findings of the present work reveal that transesterification is currently the most superior and commonly used biodiesel production method compared to other methods available.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document