Adipokines: The possible association between low carbohydrate diet score and depression

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Setayesh ◽  
Sara Pooyan ◽  
Reyhane Ebrahimi ◽  
Habib Yarizadeh ◽  
Elaheh Rashidbeygi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transforming Growth Factor Beta ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Pai 1

Abstract Background Due to lack of enough date to confirm the association of obesity and depression in middle east, We aimed to explore the possible mediatory role of adipokines such as galactin1, transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta), and endothelial plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) in the association between obesity and depression.Methods A total of 256 women ranged between 18-48 years old were grouped based on their low carbohydrate diet (LCD) score. Body composition and dietary intake were assessed. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure serum adipokines levels.Results There was a negative association between LCD score as a covariant and depression as an independent variable (P= 0.02) (beta ±SE= -0.143±0.031) (CI= -0.129 to -0.08). A regression model linear analysis using galactin1, TGF-β, and PAI 1 as a covariant indicated the mediatory effects of these adipokines (P > 0.05). The higher adherence to LCD was associated with a decrease of anthropometric components (p < 0.05).Conclusion We indicated that a higher adherence to LCD would probably ameliorate depression through the mediatory role of the study adipokines. The higher adherence of LCD in depressive obese individuals due to possible improvement effects on mental health.

scholarly journals The possible mediatory role of adipokines in the association between low carbohydrate diet and depressive symptoms among overweight and obese women

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0257275
Author(s):  
Leila Setayesh ◽  
Reyhane Ebrahimi ◽  
Sara Pooyan ◽  
Habib Yarizadeh ◽  
Elaheh Rashidbeygi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
Galectin 3 ◽  
Pai 1

Background Previous studies showed the possible association between obesity, dietary pattern, and depressive symptoms. Due to the lack of enough data to confirm the association of obesity and depression in the Middle East, here, we aimed to explore the possible mediatory role of adipokines Galectin-3, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), and endothelial plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) in the association between low carbohydrate diet (LCD) and depressive symptoms. Methods A total of 256 women aged 17–56 years old were grouped based on their LCD score. Depression anxiety stress scales-21 (DASS-21) self-administered questionnaire was used to evaluate the three negative emotional states of stress, depressive symptoms, and anxiety. Body composition and dietary intake were assessed. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure the serum levels of Galectin-3, TGF-β, and PAI-1. Results No significant difference was observed regarding Galectin-3, TGF-β, and PAI-1 levels between the groups with dissimilar adherence to LCD or the groups with different levels of depressive symptoms (P>0.05). However, there was a negative association between LCD score as a covariant and depressive symptoms as an independent variable (P = 0.02) and remarkably, a regression model linear analysis using Galectin-3, TGF-β, and PAI-1 as confounding variables indicated the mediatory role of these adipokines in this association (P>0.05). In other words, adipokines eliminated the significance of the relationship between adherence to LCD and depressive symptoms. Conclusion It seems that higher adherence to LCD is probably associated with a lower prevalence of depressive symptoms in obese adults through the mediatory role of adipokines.

scholarly journals Circulating inflammatory markers may mediate the relationship between low carbohydrate diet and circadian rhythm in overweight and obese women

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Atefeh Tavakoli ◽  
Atieh Mirzababaei ◽  
Forough Sajadi ◽  
Khadijeh Mirzaei
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
Galectin 3 ◽  
Morning Type

Abstract Background Low carbohydrate diet (LCD) can improve inflammation and obesity and also circadian rhythm disorders can lead to increased inflammation in obese individuals. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the association between adherence of LCD and circadian rhythm mediated by inflammatory markers including transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and Galectin-3 in overweight and obese women. Methods 304 women affected by overweight and obesity were enrolled. We evaluated LCD scores by Semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) of 147 items. The morning-evening questionnaire (MEQ) was applied to evaluate the circadian rhythm. Biochemical parameters such as inflammatory markers and anthropometric components were assessed. Results There was a negative significant correlation between adherence of LCD and circadian rhythm status. In other words, as the LCD scores increased, the odds of circadian rhythm disturbance in intermediate group and morning type persons decreased compared to evening type. It was showed that, IL-1β and Galectin-3 in intermediate and morning type groups, destroyed the significance of this relationship and may be considered as mediating markers. Conclusion Adherence of LCD can improve the circadian rhythm by reducing levels of inflammatory markers and may be considered as a treatment for obesity.

scholarly journals Measurement of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 in biologic fluids with a murine monoclonal antibody-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

Blood ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 220-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
PJ Declerck ◽  
MC Alessi ◽  
M Verstreken ◽  
EK Kruithof ◽  
I Juhan-Vague ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 ◽  
Platelet Poor Plasma ◽  
Activator Inhibitor ◽  
Pai 1

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in biologic fluids was developed on the basis of two murine monoclonal antibodies raised against PAI-1 purified from HT- 1080 fibrosarcoma cells. The lower limit of sensitivity of the assay in plasma is 2 ng/mL. The assay is 12 times less sensitive toward the PAI- 1/human tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) complex as compared with free PAI-1. The intraassay, interassay, and interdilution coefficients of variation are 5.2%, 8.0%, and 7.1%, respectively. The level of PAI-1 in platelet-poor plasma of healthy subjects is 18 +/- 10 ng/mL (mean +/- SD, n = 45). In platelet-rich plasma after freezing and thawing, 92% of PAI-1 antigen is released from platelets, whereas only 8% is found in the corresponding platelet-poor plasma. In platelet-poor plasma from healthy subjects, a linear correlation (r = 0.80) was found between PAI activity and PAI-1 antigen. In plasma approximately two thirds of the PAI-1 antigen was functionally active, whereas only 5% of the PAI-1 antigen released from platelets was active. During pregnancy a progressive increase of PAI-1 antigen levels up to three- to sixfold the control value was observed. In plasma of patients with recurrent deep vein thrombosis, PAI-1 levels were 44 +/- 20 ng/mL (mean +/- SD, n = 7), during a clinically silent phase. Four of these patients had a level above 38 ng/mL (mean +/- 2 SD of normal). The present assay, based on stable and reproducible reagents, allows the specific determination of PAI-1 antigen in biologic fluids. It may facilitate interlaboratory comparisons and be useful for further investigations of the role of PAI-1 in clinical conditions associated with impaired fibrinolysis and/or a tendency to thrombosis and investigations of the role of PAI-1 in platelets.

scholarly journals Measurement of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 in biologic fluids with a murine monoclonal antibody-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

Blood ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 220-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
PJ Declerck ◽  
MC Alessi ◽  
M Verstreken ◽  
EK Kruithof ◽  
I Juhan-Vague ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 ◽  
Platelet Poor Plasma ◽  
Activator Inhibitor ◽  
Pai 1

Abstract An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in biologic fluids was developed on the basis of two murine monoclonal antibodies raised against PAI-1 purified from HT- 1080 fibrosarcoma cells. The lower limit of sensitivity of the assay in plasma is 2 ng/mL. The assay is 12 times less sensitive toward the PAI- 1/human tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) complex as compared with free PAI-1. The intraassay, interassay, and interdilution coefficients of variation are 5.2%, 8.0%, and 7.1%, respectively. The level of PAI-1 in platelet-poor plasma of healthy subjects is 18 +/- 10 ng/mL (mean +/- SD, n = 45). In platelet-rich plasma after freezing and thawing, 92% of PAI-1 antigen is released from platelets, whereas only 8% is found in the corresponding platelet-poor plasma. In platelet-poor plasma from healthy subjects, a linear correlation (r = 0.80) was found between PAI activity and PAI-1 antigen. In plasma approximately two thirds of the PAI-1 antigen was functionally active, whereas only 5% of the PAI-1 antigen released from platelets was active. During pregnancy a progressive increase of PAI-1 antigen levels up to three- to sixfold the control value was observed. In plasma of patients with recurrent deep vein thrombosis, PAI-1 levels were 44 +/- 20 ng/mL (mean +/- SD, n = 7), during a clinically silent phase. Four of these patients had a level above 38 ng/mL (mean +/- 2 SD of normal). The present assay, based on stable and reproducible reagents, allows the specific determination of PAI-1 antigen in biologic fluids. It may facilitate interlaboratory comparisons and be useful for further investigations of the role of PAI-1 in clinical conditions associated with impaired fibrinolysis and/or a tendency to thrombosis and investigations of the role of PAI-1 in platelets.

scholarly journals Platelets stimulate endothelial cells to synthesize type 1 plasminogen activator inhibitor. Evaluation of the role of transforming growth factor beta

Blood ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 77 (5) ◽  
pp. 1013-1019 ◽  
Author(s):  
SR Slivka ◽  
DJ Loskutoff
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Beta ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor ◽  
Tgf Beta ◽  
Growth Factor Beta ◽  
Activator Inhibitor ◽  
Pai 1

Abstract A model system consisting of thrombin-stimulated bovine platelet releasates (PRthr) and bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAEs) was developed to determine if the interaction between platelets and endothelial cells regulates fibrinolysis. Zymographic analysis indicated that PRthr treatment of BAEs decreases urokinase and increases type 1 plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) activity. Although PRthr did not affect the overall rate of BAE protein synthesis, it increased PAI-1 biosynthesis within 6 hours. This increase was complete by 12 hours, with maximum stimulation at 10 to 15 micrograms/mL PRthr (1 microgram approximately 10(7) platelets). Neutralizing antibodies to transforming growth factor beta (TGF beta) reduced this effect by 75%. Treatments that activate latent TGF beta (eg, acidification or plasmin) increased this effect approximately fivefold, suggesting that TGF beta in PRthr exists in both a latent (approximately 80%) and an active (approximately 20%) form. In contrast to PRthr, adenosine diphosphate-prepared platelet releasates did not increase PAI-1 synthesis before acidification, indicating that they contain only the latent form of TGF beta. These results suggest that platelets can modulate the fibrinolytic system of the endothelium through the release of TGF beta, and that the mechanism by which the platelets are activated can influence the relative amount of active TGF beta.

PAI-1 gene 4G/5G polymorphism, cytokine levels and their relations with metabolic parameters in obese children

2008 ◽  
Vol 99 (02) ◽  
pp. 352-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muammer Yuce ◽  
Ayse Yazici ◽  
Hasibe Verdi ◽  
F. Belgin Ataç ◽  
Sibel Kinik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Beta ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Pai 1

SummaryObesity is associated with the changes of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) and transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) levels. However, the precise effect of the 4G allele on obesity is still contradictory. Here, we aimed to elucidate the role of the 4G/5G polymorphism of the PAI-1 gene on the PAI-1 level and determine the associations between cytokines, glucose and lipid metabolism parameters in obese children. Thirty-nine obese children (mean age 11.4 ± 3.3 years) and 38 age-matched healthy control group (mean age 10.3 ± 3.5 years) were included in the study. In all cases, serum levels of glucose, lipid and insulin were measured, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMAIR) was calculated, and 4G/5G polymorphism of PAI-1 gene, plasma PAI-1 level and serum TNFα and TGFβ levels were studied. The mean relative body mass index (BMI) and HOMA-IR score, VLDL,TG, insulin, PAI-1,TNFα levels were higher, and HDL and TGFβ levels were lower in the obese group. The frequency of the 4G/4G genotype was considerably higher in obese children than in controls. Also, a positive correlation was found between PAI-1 and TNFα levels, and relative BMI, HOMA-IR score, insulin,TG, HDL levels. TGFβ was inversely correlated only with relative BMI. There was no correlation among three cytokines. In conclusion, childhood obesity contributes to higher PAI-1 andTNFα and lowerTGFβ levels. Especially PAI-1 andTNFα accompany insulin resistance and dyslipidemia.

scholarly journals New era of diet therapy and research including Low Carbohydrate Diet (LCD)

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koji Ebe ◽  
Hiroshi Bando
Keyword(s):  
Case Reports ◽  
Diet Therapy ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
New Era ◽  
Low Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Meaningful Information ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
The World

The role of this journal, “Asploro Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Case Reports (AJBCCR)” would be providing meaningful information on medical practice and research widely in the world. The word ASPLORO means Research which is coined from the language Esperanto. In the special issue concerning diet therapy, various research and case reports will be expected such as Low Carbohydrate Diet (LCD), Calorie Restriction (CR) Diet, the Mediterranean Diet, and other kinds of methods.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document