scholarly journals High Frequency Mutant Genes in Urothelial Carcinoma Based On Genomic Landscape

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haifeng Hao ◽  
Yunmeng Zhang ◽  
Yue Zheng ◽  
Xiaoting Yan ◽  
Liang wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Exome Sequencing ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Systematic Evaluation ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Genomic Landscape ◽  
Based Medicine ◽  
Mutant Genes

Abstract ObjectiveThe new generation of sequencing technology has been applied to the study of genomic genetic characteristics of urothelial carcinoma for 20 years. Researchers at home and abroad have done a lot of research work. Analyzing and summarizing the research results, we can clarify the genes with high-frequency mutations, which is of great significance for the screening of biomarkers and molecular targets of urothelial carcinoma.Method We will adopt the PICOS analysis method of evidence-based medicine; follow the principles of systematic evaluation and meta-analysis; formulate literature retrieval keywords and retrieval strategies; determine the inclusion criteria; and statistically analyze the name, mutation frequency, quantity, and the total number of times in repeated reports of significant mutant genes in the genomic landscape.Results A total of 6254 cases of urothelial carcinoma were sequenced in the 27 theses selected. Sequencing methods include whole genome sequencing, whole exome sequencing, and target exome sequencing. 27 genomic landscapes of urothelial carcinoma showed that the number of significant mutant genes was 5-58, with an average of 26 reported in each paper. There were 273 genes with significant mutations in urothelial carcinoma, 65.57% (179 / 273) of which were reported only once and 34.43% (94 / 273) were reported more than twice. The top 7 genes most frequently reported were TP53, PIK3CA, FGFR3, KDM6A, ARID1A , RB1 and STAG2.Conclusion There were 273 genes with significant mutations in the genome of urothelial carcinoma, and biomarkers may be selected from 94 genes with high-frequency of mutations.

scholarly journals Performance of the ESC 0/3-hour algorithm for rapid triage of myocardial infarction: systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
C Chiang ◽  
C.H Chiang ◽  
G.H Lee ◽  
C.C Lee
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Public Institution ◽  
Systematic Evaluation ◽  
Funding Source ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Comparative Performance ◽  
Rule Out

Abstract Objective The European Society of Cardiology (ESC) 0/3-hour algorithm is one of the most widely strategies used for rule-out or rule-in of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, a systematic evaluation of its performance has not been conducted. Furthermore, recent studies showed that the 0/3-hour algorithm is non-superior to the 0/1-hour algorithm. Purpose This study aims to summarize the safety and efficacy of the 0/3-hour algorithm and its comparative performance with the 0/1-hour algorithm. Methods We conducted literature search on PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for studies published between 1 January 2008 and 31 May 2019. A bivariate random-effects meta-analysis was used to estimate the primary and secondary outcomes, defined as index myocardial infarction and triage efficacy, major adverse cardiac event (MACE) or mortality at 30 days, respectively. Results A total of 10,832 patients from 9 studies with a pooled AMI prevalence of 16% were analyzed. The 0/3-hour algorithm ruled out 69% of the patients with a pooled sensitivity of 94.2% [95% CI: 87.6%–97.4%] and negative predictive value of 98.6% [95% CI: 97.0%–99.4%]; 17% of the patients were ruled in with a pooled specificity of 94.9% [95% CI: 88.6%–97.8%] and positive predictive value of 72.9% [95% CI: 54.6%–85.7%]. The 30-day mortality and 30-day MACE for patients that were ruled out were 0.0% [95% CI: 0.0%–0.0%] and 1.4% [95% CI: 0.9%–2.0%], respectively. In a pooled analysis of 3 cohorts, the 0/3-hour algorithm had a non-superior sensitivity compared with the 0/1-hour algorithm (94.4% [95% CI: 87.0%–97.7%] vs. 98.4% [95% CI: 95.4%–99.7%]). The 0/3-hour algorithm also had a similar rule-out efficacy compared with the 0/1-hour algorithm (52% [95% CI: 39%–65%] vs. 53% [95% CI: 42%–64%]). Conclusion The widely used 0/3-hour algorithm has sensitivity substantially below the consensus goal of 99% and may not be sufficiently safe for triage of myocardial infarction. Furthermore, the 0/3-hour algorithm is not superior to the 0/1-hour algorithm despite the additional triage time. Performance of ESC 0/3-hour algorithm Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): Taiwan National Ministry of Science and Technology Grants

scholarly journals Mass drug administration campaigns for scabies and impetigo: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. e001132
Author(s):  
Pousali Ghosh ◽  
Wubshet Tesfaye ◽  
Avilasha Manandhar ◽  
Thomas Calma ◽  
Mary Bushell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Drug Administration ◽  
Mass Drug Administration ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Systematic Evaluation ◽  
Clear Understanding

IntroductionScabies is recognised as a neglected tropical disease, disproportionately affecting the most vulnerable populations around the world. Impetigo often occurs secondarily to scabies. Several studies have explored mass drug administration (MDA) programmes, with some showing positive outcomes—but a systematic evaluation of such studies is yet to be reported. The main aim of this systematic review is to generate comprehensive evidence on the effect and feasibility of MDA programmes in reducing the burden of scabies and impetigo.Methods and analysisA systematic review and meta-analysis will be conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis statement. Electronic databases to be searched will include CINAHL EBSCOhost, Medline Ovid, ProQuest, Science Direct, PubMed and SCOPUS. In addition, grey literature will be explored via the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet, Informit, OaIster database and WHO. No language restrictions will be applied. All treatment studies following an MDA protocol, including randomised/quasi-controlled trials, and prospective before–after interventional studies, will be considered. The main outcome is the change in prevalence of scabies and impetigo The Cochrane collaboration risk of bias assessment tool will be used for assessing the methodological quality of studies. A random-effect restricted maximum likelihood meta-analysis will be performed to generate pooled effect (OR) using STATA V.16. Appropriate statistical tests will be carried out to quantify heterogeneity between studies and publication bias.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required since data will be extracted from published works. The findings will be communicated to the scientific community through a peer-reviewed journal publication. This systematic review will present an evidence on the effect of MDA interventions on scabies and impetigo, which is instrumental to obtain a clear understanding of the treatments widely used in these programmes.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020169544,

scholarly journals Revisiting an Old Conundrum: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Intravesical Therapy for Treatment of Urothelial Carcinoma of the Prostate

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Andrea Kokorovic ◽  
Mary E. Westerman ◽  
Kate Krause ◽  
Mike Hernandez ◽  
Nathan Brooks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Complete Response ◽  
Intravesical Therapy ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Carcinoma Of The Prostate ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Bcg Therapy ◽  
Mucosal Involvement

BACKGROUND: The optimal management of non-invasive (mucosal and/or ductal) urothelial carcinoma of the prostate remains elusive and there is a paucity of data to guide treatment. OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to systematically review and synthesize treatment responses to conservative management of non-invasive prostatic urothelial carcinoma using intravesical therapy. METHODS: A systematic literature search using MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, SCOPUS, and Web of Science databases from inception to November 2019 was performed. Risk of bias assessment was performed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale for non-randomised studies. Pooled estimates of complete response in the bladder and prostate and prostate only were performed using a random effects model. Pre-specified subgroup analyses were generated to assess differences in complete responses for: BCG therapy vs other agents, ductal vs mucosal involvement, CIS vs papillary tumors and TURP vs no TURP. RESULTS: Nine studies including 175 patients were identified for inclusion in the systematic review and meta-analysis. All were retrospective case series and most evaluated response to BCG therapy. The pooled global complete response rate for intravesical therapy was 60%(95%CI: 0.48, 0.72), and for prostate 88%(95%CI: 0.81, 0.96). Pre-specified analyses did not demonstrate statistically significant differences between subgroups of interest. CONCLUSIONS: Management of non-invasive prostatic urothelial carcinoma using intravesical therapy yields satisfactory results. Caution should be taken in treating patients with papillary tumors and ductal involvement, as data for these populations is limited. TURP may not improve efficacy, but is required for staging. Current recommendations are based on low quality evidence, and further research is warranted.

scholarly journals Association between Metabolic Syndrome Components and Cardiac Autonomic Modulation among Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 699
Author(s):  
Rashmi Supriya ◽  
Fei-Fei Li ◽  
Yi-De Yang ◽  
Wei Liang ◽  
Julien S. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young People ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Autonomic Modulation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Studies ◽  
Positive Correlations

Background: the clustering of metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk factors is becoming more prevalent in children, leading to the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular diseases in early adulthood. The impact of MetS risk factors on cardiac autonomic modulation (CAM) or vice versa has been noted to track from childhood to pre-adolescence and adolescence. Understating associations in this age group may help to improve the clinical outcomes of the MetS, even when MetS symptoms are not visible. Potential damage from each individual MetS component and the ability to predict early cardiac damage or upcoming cardiovascular events is very important. Therefore, the present systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the associations between CAM and MetS risk factors individually to verify which of the MetS risk components were significantly correlated with heart rate variability (HRV) indices before or at the onset of the MetS among young people. The purpose of this review was to outline the importance of potentially screening HRV indices in young people even with only one MetS risk factor, as a pre-indicator for early cardiovascular risk stratification. Methods: cross-sectional studies that examined the relationship of MetS risk factors with HRV indices were searched using four databases including PubMed, the Cochrane clinical trials library, Medline and the Web of Science. Correlation coefficients with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI), and random effects meta-analyses of the association between MetS risk factors with HRV indices were performed. Results: out of 14 cross-sectional studies and one case-control study, 8 studies (10 data sets) provided association data for the meta-analysis. Our results indicated significant positive correlations for systolic blood pressure (SBP) (correlation coefficient 0.13 (95%CI: 0.06; 0.19), I2 = 47.26%) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (correlation coefficient 0.09 (95%CI: −0.01; 0.18), I2 = 0%) with a Low Frequency/High Frequency ratio (LF/HF). Significant negative correlations for waist circumference (WC) (correlation coefficient −0.12 (95%CI: −0.19; −0.04), I2 = 51.50%), Triglycerides (TGs) (correlation coefficient −0.09 (95%CI: −0.15; −0.02), I2 = 0%) and ≥2 MetS risk factors (correlation coefficient −0.10 (95%CI: −0.16; −0.03), I2 = 0%); with high frequency (HF) were revealed. Significant positive correlations for high density lipoprotein (HDL) (correlation coefficient 0.08 (95%CI: 0.05; 0.11), I2 = 0%) and significant negative correlations of ≥2 MetS risk (correlation coefficient −0.04 (95%CI: −0.12; 0.03), I2 = 0.0%) with low frequency (LF) were revealed. Significant negative correlations for TGs (correlation coefficient −0.09 (95%CI: −0.23; 0.05), I2 = 2.01%) with a mean square root of the sum of differences between mean time between two successive intervals (rMSSD) and significant positive correlation of HDL (correlation coefficient 0.09 (95%CI: −0.01; 0.19), I2 = 0.33%) with standard deviation of the time between two successive intervals (SDNN) were also revealed. An Egger’s test indicated that there was no obvious publication bias for any of the above relationships except for TGs and rMSSD. The significance level stipulated for the meta-analysis was p < 0.05. Conclusions: lipid profiles (HDL and TGs), WC and BP were associated with CAM in young people up to the age of 19 years. The use of HRV indices to predict future MetS risk, and relationships with individual risk factors including HDL, BP, WC and TGs, were established. Future studies related to young people (up to the age of 19 years) are recommended to explore the associations reported here further.

scholarly journals Effect of Acupuncture on Heart Rate Variability: A Systematic Review

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne W. Y. Chung ◽  
Vincent C. M. Yan ◽  
Hongwei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Keyword Search ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Control Group

Aim.To summarize all relevant trials and critically evaluate the effect of acupuncture on heart rate variability (HRV).Method.This was a systematic review with meta-analysis. Keyword search was conducted in 7 databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Data extraction and risk of bias were done.Results.Fourteen included studies showed a decreasing effect of acupuncture on low frequency (LF) and low frequency to high frequency ratio (LF/HF ratio) of HRV for nonhealthy subjects and on normalized low frequency (LF norm) for healthy subjects. The overall effect was in favour of the sham/control group for high frequency (HF) in nonhealthy subjects and for normalized high frequency (HF norm) in healthy subjects. Significant decreasing effect on HF and LF/HF ratio of HRV when acupuncture was performed on ST36 among healthy subjects and PC6 among both healthy and nonhealthy subjects, respectively.Discussion.This study partially supports the possible effect of acupuncture in modulating the LF of HRV in both healthy and nonhealthy subjects, while previous review reported that acupuncture did not have any convincing effect on HRV in healthy subjects. More published work is needed in this area to determine if HRV can be an indicator of the therapeutic effect of acupuncture.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document