scholarly journals Establishment of PIVKA-Ⅱ Reference Intervals From Hospital-stored Data: A Comparison Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lewei Zhou ◽  
Qiyuan Su ◽  
Yan Yao ◽  
Meixian Xiang ◽  
Jiesheng Zhen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Female Group ◽  
Comparison Analysis ◽  
Test Items ◽  
Health Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Gender Specific ◽  
Indirect Reference

Abstract Objective The authors aimed to explore methods to establish indirect reference intervals for PIVKA-II from hospital-stored data.Method 7623 patient specimens of the Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University were collected. Indirect reference intervals were established based on the hospital-stored data with four different methods, including the Hoffmann method (HM), revised Hoffmann method (HMCDF), E-M algorithm-based method (EMBCT), and a recent estimator (KOSMIC). According to CLSI C28-A3 guidelines, 369 healthy specimens were collected. The authors tested the difference between reference intervals of gender-specific and age-specific subgroups using Harris and Boyd's test. Finally, the averaging result of estimates was calculated according to how likely each model was.Results The indirect reference intervals of PIVKA-II based on LIS data were 0 to 35.30 mAU/mL (HM), 0 to 31.48 mAU/mL (HMCDF), 0 to 30.78 mAU/mL (EMBCT), 0 to 36.17 mAU/mL (KOSMIC) and 0 to 31.48 mAU/mL (averaging) respectively, and the reference intervals based on healthy group were 0 to 32 mAU/mL. Compared with HM, EMBCT and KOSMIC, HMCDF and the averaging result was closer to those of the health group. Significant difference was detected between gender-partitioned subgroups, and the reference upper limit in the female group was smaller than the male group.Conclusions The authors established the indirect reference intervals of PIVKA-II for the Wuhan population, which could be used to the clinical reference intervals. The framework proposed could help clinical laboratory set their reference intervals of test items.

EXPRESS: Serum Carbohydrate Antigen72-4 levels decrease with age in females but not males in Beijing, China

2021 ◽  
pp. 000456322110269
Author(s):  
Tongmei Duan ◽  
Xun Chen ◽  
Jing Wu ◽  
Ronghai Li ◽  
Huijuan Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Reference Interval ◽  
Carbohydrate Antigen ◽  
Female Group ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Age Difference ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Beijing China

Objective: Carbohydrate antigen 72-4 (CA72-4) is widely used in the diagnosis and monitoring of many cancers. However, there are few studies on the differences of CA72-4 levels in terms of age and gender. Methods: 10957 healthy subjects were divided into two groups according to gender and three age groups. The serum CA72-4 were detected. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS. Results: The CA72-4 level in female group was significantly higher than that in male group. The level of CA72-4 gradually decreased with age. Compared with the age >60 group, the CA72-4 levels were increased in the age 46-60 group and 16-45 group (P >0.05, respectively). To better observe the age difference, the age 16-45 and 46–60 group were combined into the age 16-60 group. In comparison to the age >60 group, the CA72-4 level of age 16-60 group was significantly increased (P =0.000). In the age >60 group, there was no difference between genders. Nevertheless, the difference between the sexes in the age 16-60 group was significant (P =0.023). Conclusions: The reference interval of CA72-4 for local healthy population was established. CA72-4 levels gradually decreased with the increase of age, and CA72-4 level in females aged 16-60 years (0-18.0 U/mL) was higher than in males (0-14.5 U/mL), however there was no gender difference in the age group above 60 years old (0-14.5 U/mL). Moreover, male CA72-4 was no significant difference among all age groups, while the potential mechanism of female changes with age needed further study.

Evaluation of the Interference of Hemoglobin Variant J-Bangkok on Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) Measurement by Five Different Methods

2017 ◽  
Vol 125 (10) ◽  
pp. 655-660
Author(s):  
Dong-Mei Wen ◽  
Sheng-Nan Xu ◽  
Wei-Jia Wang ◽  
Xiu-Ming Zhang ◽  
Ming-Huan Suo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Glycated Hemoglobin ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Hemoglobin Variant ◽  
Deming Regression ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Immuno Assay ◽  
Hba1c Measurement ◽  
Significant Interference

Abstract Objective The interference of the hemoglobin variant (Hb J-Bangkok) was evaluated on 4 different glycated hemoglobin assays and compared with a reference immuno assay. Methods An overall test of coincidence of 2 least-squares linear regression lines was performed to determine whether the presence of Hb J-Bangkok caused a statistically significant difference in HbA1c results compared with a reference immuno assay. Statistical analysis was performed on the difference of the estimated average glucose calculated from HbA1c values and fasting plasma glucose in the Hb J-Bangkok variant group using the different detection systems. Deming regression analysis was used to determinate whether Hb J-Bangkok had a significant interference on HbA1c results using an HbA1c±10% relative bias at 6% and 9% HbA1c as evaluation limits. Results Turbidimetric inhibition immunoassay method, and enzymatic methods were not affected by Hb J-Bangkok. However, Hb J-Bangkok showed statistically significant interference to the two ion-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography methods. Conclusion When performing HbA1c tests, clinical laboratory personnel should identify the Hb variant and select the appropriate methods or use alternative indicators.

scholarly journals THE EFL STUDENTS’ CRITICAL READING SKILLS ACROSS COGNITIVE STYLES

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardus Par
Keyword(s):  
Reading Skills ◽  
Cognitive Styles ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Critical Reading ◽  
Multiple Choice Questions ◽  
Test Items ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Efl Students ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Reading Texts

This study aims to explore the difference between the field independent (FI) and field dependent (FD) learners in the area of EFL critical reading skills. To this end, 60 undergraduate EFL students who had taken and passed the Critical Reading course involved as the subjects. The Group Embedded Figure Test (GEFT) was administered to classify the students’ cognitive styles into FI and FD groups. Furthermore, to measure the students’ critical reading skills, the critical reading comprehension test (CRCT) in the form of multiple choice questions was developed and administered. The test items were focused on assessing students’ analytical and inferential skills of reading texts, specifically on determining the main idea, the purpose, the tone, making an inference and taking conclusion. The findings indicate that there is a statistically significant difference in the critical reading skills between FI and FD students. More specifically, the differences are in determining the main idea, determining the purpose, making an inference, and taking the conclusion of the texts in the CRCT. Pedagogically, selecting appropriate reading texts to be used in Critical Reading course practice for developing the students’ critical reading skills will be beneficial for both of FI and FD students.

Establishment of the Standardized Uptake Values of 99mTc-MDP in Normal Vertebrae for SPECT/CT Quantification

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Qi ◽  
Qingyuan Meng ◽  
Zhiwen You ◽  
Huiqian Chen ◽  
Yi Shou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standardized Uptake Value ◽  
Female Group ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Strong Negative Correlation ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Ct Value ◽  
Standardized Uptake Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference

Abstract PurposeTo establish the standardized uptake value (SUV) of Tc-99m-methylene diphosphonate (MDP) for normal vertebra in both Chinese male and female by using a SPECT/CT scanner.MethodsA retrospective study was carried out involving 116 men and 105 women who underwent SPECT/CT scan using 99mTc-MDP. We acquired the SUV, CT value of 2416 normal vertebra in total and analyzed the difference of SUV between men and women. We analyzed the vertebra data with no significant difference of SUVmax in male and female group. The correlations between SUVmax value and CT value, age, height, weight in each group were also analyzed.ResultsThe SUVmax, SUVmean of vertebra in men were markedly higher than those in women(P < 0.0009). Specifically, for males, the SUVmax of C1, C2-4 and C5-L5 vertebra appeared to have significant differences(P < 0.05), while no significant difference of the SUVmax of C1-L5 vertebra were observed in females(P < 0.05). The SUVmax of each vertebral segment showed a strong negative correlation with CT values in both men and women(r=-0.89,-0.92;P < 0.0009). The SUVmax of vertebra showed weak significant correlation with weight and height in male (r = 0.4,P < 0.0009;r = 0.28,P = 0.005),and weak significant correlation with weight in females(r = 0.32,P = 0.009).ConclusionThis article study initially established SUVmax, SUVavgmean of normal vertebra in both Chinese men and women with a large sample population,and summarized the SUVmax of vertebra with no significant difference. The results could provide a quantitative reference for clinical diagnosis and the evaluation of therapeutic response in vertebral lesions.

Algorithm on age partitioning for estimation of reference intervals using clinical laboratory database exemplified with plasma creatinine

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (9) ◽  
pp. 1514-1523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoxia Peng ◽  
Yaqi Lv ◽  
Guoshuang Feng ◽  
Yaguang Peng ◽  
Qiliang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Tree ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Decision Tree Method ◽  
Methodological Considerations ◽  
Tree Method

Abstract Background: We describe an algorithm to determine age-partitioned reference intervals (RIs) exemplified for creatinine using data collection from the clinical laboratory database. Methods: The data were acquired from the test results of creatinine of 164,710 outpatients aged <18 years in Beijing Children’s Hospital laboratories’ databases between January 2016 and December 2016. The tendency of serum creatinine with age was examined visually using box plot by gender first. The age subgroup was divided automatically by the decision tree method. Subsequently, the statistical tests of the difference between subgroups were performed by Harris-Boyd and Lahti methods. Results: A total of 136,546 samples after data cleaning were analyzed to explore the partition of age group for serum creatinine from birth to 17 years old. The suggested age partitioning of RIs for creatinine by the decision tree method were for eight subgroups. The difference between age subgroups was demonstrated to be statistically significant by Harris-Boyd and Lahti methods. In addition, the results of age partitioning for RIs estimation were similar to the suggested age partitioning by the Canadian Laboratory Initiative in Pediatric Reference Intervals study. Lastly, a suggested algorithm was developed to provide potential methodological considerations on age partitioning for RIs estimation. Conclusions: Appropriate age partitioning is very important for establishing more accurate RIs. The procedure to explore the age partitioning using clinical laboratory data was developed and evaluated in this study, and will provide more opinions for designing research on establishment of RIs.

scholarly journals Indirect reference intervals for haematological parameters in capillary blood of pre-school children

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-142
Author(s):  
Jelena Vekic ◽  
Zorana Jelic-Ivanovic ◽  
Vesna Spasojevic-Kalimanovska ◽  
Aleksandra Zeljkovic ◽  
Zsófia Csuzdi Balog ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
School Children ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Capillary Blood ◽  
Haematological Parameters ◽  
Percentile Method ◽  
Wbc Count ◽  
Gender Specific ◽  
Indirect Reference ◽  
Rbc Count

Introduction: Indirect estimation of reference intervals (RIs) is straightforward and inexpensive procedure for determination of intra-laboratory RIs. We applied the indirect approach to assess RIs for haematological parameters in capillary blood of pre-school children, using results stored in our laboratory database. Materials and methods: We extracted data from laboratory information system, for the results obtained by automatic haematology analyser in capillary blood of 154 boys and 146 girls during pre-school medical examination. Data distribution was tested, and logarithmic transformation was applied if needed. Reference intervals were calculated by the nonparametric percentile method. Results: Reference intervals were calculated for: RBC count (4.2-5.4 x1012/L), haemoglobin (114-146 g/L), MCH (25.0-29.4 pg), MCHC (321-368 g/L), RDW-SD (36.1-43.5 fL), WBC count (4.5-12.3 x109/L), neutrophils count (1.7-6.9 x109/L) and percentage (29.0-69.0%), lymphocytes count (1.6-4.4 x109/L) and percentage (21.9-60.7%), PLT (165-459 x109/L), MPV (8.1-11.4 fL) and PDW (9.2-14.4%). Gender specific RIs were calculated for monocytes count (male (M): 0.2-1.6 x109/L; female (F): 0.1-1.4 x109/L) and percentage (M: 2.5-18.3%; F: 1.8-16.7%), haematocrit (M: 0.34-0.42 L/L; F: 0.34-0.43 L/L), MCV (M: 73.4-84.6 fL; F: 75.5-84.2 fL) and RDW (M: 12.1-14.3%; F: 11.7-13.9%), due to observed gender differences in these parameters (P = 0.031, 0.028, 0.020, 0.012 and 0.001; respectively). Estimated RIs markedly varied from the literature based RIs that are used in the laboratory. Conclusions: Indirect method employed in this study enables straightforward assessment of RIs in pre-school children. Herein derived RIs differed from the literature-based ones, indicating the need for intra-laboratory determination of RIs for specific populations and sample types.

Comparison of the Schirmer tear test I values after placement in ventral and dorsal conjunctival fornices in healthy cats

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 1169-1172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghazal Aftab ◽  
Seyed Mehdi Rajaei ◽  
Houman Faghihi
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Clinically Normal ◽  
Normal Reference ◽  
Schirmer Tear Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Difference

Objectives The objective of this study was to compare the Schirmer tear test I values obtained from placement of Schirmer tear test (STT) strips in ventral and dorsal conjunctival fornices and to investigate any correlation between age, body weight and STT values in clinically normal cats. Methods Twenty-eight intact adult domestic shorthair and Persian cats were used in this study. The cats were gently physically restrained in a sternal position, and a Schirmer tear strip was placed on each eye in the ventral conjunctival fornix at one-third of the distance from the temporal to nasal canthus for 60 s. Then, the wetted portion of the strips was measured as mm/min (L-STT I). After 48 h, the same procedure was performed on each eye in the dorsal conjunctival fornix (U-STT I). Results Mean ± SD STT values of the ventral and dorsal conjunctival fornices were 20.80 ± 2.25 mm/min (range 14–25 mm/min; 95% confidence interval [CI] 19.92–21.67) and 18.28 ± 2.27 mm/min (range 15–22 mm/min; 95% CI 17.39–19.16) in all of the study population, respectively. A significant difference was found between STT values obtained from the ventral and dorsal conjunctival fornices ( P <0.001). There was no correlation between the age and body weight of the animals and STT I values. Conclusions and relevance This study compared the STT I values of the dorsal and ventral conjunctival fornices in cats. The difference was significant between the L-STT I and U-STT I values; however, the L-STT I and U-STT I values were within normal reference intervals. The U-STT I data have diagnostic value that might be of benefit in cases where there is a problem in the ventral conjunctival fornix.

Anthropometric and Anthroposcopic Analysis of Periorbital Features in Malaysian Population: An Inter-racial Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (04) ◽  
pp. 400-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pramod Kumar ◽  
Mounir Bashour ◽  
Vasanthakumar Packiriswamy
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Apex Angle ◽  
Palpebral Fissure ◽  
Female Group ◽  
Racial Groups ◽  
Aesthetic Result ◽  
Lateral Canthus ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Gender

AbstractIn oculoplastic operations, knowledge of the dimensions of periorbital features based on age, gender, and race is essential for achieving better aesthetic result. This article seeks to determine the racial and gender differences of periorbital features among Malaysian Malay (MM), Malaysian Indian (MI), and Malaysian Chinese (MI) subjects. Evaluation of periorbital features was done on photographs of 200 MM, 200 MI, and 200 MC subjects, aged 18 to 26 years. The measured values were evaluated by an independent t-test. A significant difference was found between MM and MI in all measurements except interbrow distance in males, eyebrow thickness in females, and apex to lateral limbus distance in both sexes. Between MI and MC the difference was insignificant for interbrow distance in male groups, apex to lateral limbus distance in females, and palpebral fissure inclination and eyebrow apex angle in both sexes. Between MM and MC, significant differences were found for eyebrow thickness and medial canthus tilt in female group. Male groups showed significant difference for apex to lateral limbus and lateral canthus distance and eyebrow apex angle. Eyebrow height, palpebral fissure width, and intercanthal distance were significantly different in both sexes. Sexual dimorphism was found for all measurements in MI, but MM and MC showed insignificant difference for eyebrow apex angle. Four types of epicanthus were observed in MM and MC and three types in MI. Eyebrow apex between lateral limbus and lateral canthus was the most common position in all racial groups. Significant racial and gender differences exist for certain periorbital measurements. The knowledge of these differences is expected to influence the surgical outcome.

scholarly journals THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING VOCABULARY TREES AS A TECHNIQUE IN TEACHING VOCABULARY AT ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Binta Nugroho Septiyantono
Keyword(s):  
Conventional Method ◽  
Critical Value ◽  
Difficulty Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Test Items ◽  
Discriminating Power ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Experimental Group

The topic of the research is the effectiveness of vocabulary trees as a teaching aid to develop the students’ vocabulary mastery. The Objective to investigate whether there is any significant difference in the vocabulary mastery between teaching vocabulary trees and using conventional method. In order to achieve the objective of this research, the writer designed an experimental research. The subject used in the research was 60 students of the fifth grade of SD Negeri Bendungan Semarang; 30 students acted as the experimental group to be taught vocabulary using vocabulary trees and the other 30 students as the control group to be taught vocabulary using conventional method. Before the experiment was conducted, a pre-test was given to both groups. A post test was given after the experiment was done. The test consisted of 25 items of multiple choice types. The test items were first tried out to check the validity, reliability, difficulty level and discriminating power. The result shows that there are significant differences in mean score between control group and experimental group. Mean score of the pre test of the experimental group is 50.53 while that of the control group is 48.33. Thus, the difference between the two means is 2.46. In the post test, the mean score of the experimental group is 81.07 and of the control group is 69.73. Thus, the difference between the two means is 11.34. The result of the t-test based on the pre-test is 0.86, while the result on the post test is 4.52 and the critical value 2.000. Based on the result above, it can be concluded that teaching vocabulary using vocabulary trees resulted in a better learning achievement. The t-value of the post test is higher than the critical value, which means that the students got better understanding when they used vocabulary trees as a technique to improve students’ vocabulary mastery than when they used conventional method. In conclusion, vocabulary is effective and applicable enough as a learning aid to be used in developing students’ vocabulary.

scholarly journals Perbedaan Ketidakwajaran Skor Berdasarkan Teori Respon Butir ditinjau dari Model Penskoran Jawaban Siswa SMP se Kota Palangka Raya

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-39
Author(s):  
Sugiharto Sugiharto
Keyword(s):  
High Schools ◽  
Item Response ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Junior High Schools ◽  
Test Items ◽  
Correct Score ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The City ◽  
Better Than

This study aims to know about the difference of unfair score based on item response theory referred to the model of students� answers scoring of Junior High Schools throughout the city of Palangka Raya. The samples were taken from 17 state and private Junior High Schools throughout the city of Palangka Raya. Furthermore, the students� answers were corrected by using scoring models, namely punishment score and correct score. Before doing the test to take the data, the data had to be validated first, both in the content and the empirical data. From the 40 test items, they have obtained 30 valid items. To obtain the proportion of fair score, it was used the estimation using BILOG-MG program. Furthermore, the data were analyzed with the different proportions (Z) of the two groups. The results of the data analysis showed that Zcount is -2.806, while Ztable is -1.65 so Zcount rank outside the receipt area of H0. It shows that the students with the scoring models of punishment score encompass the score that more than the scoring models of the correct score with a significant difference in the proportion. It can be concluded that the students who were corrected by using scoring models of punishment score have a fair index better than the fair index of the students were corrected by using scoring models of correct score.

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