The Association between Caffeine Intake and Testosterone: NHANES 2013-2014

Abstract Background Investigations into the link between caffeine consumption and testosterone levels in men have recently gained more attention, although studies are limited and the results are inconclusive. Methods Using data from a cross-sectional study of 372 adult men in the 2013-2014 NHANES survey cycle, we set out to characterize the association between serum testosterone levels, caffeine, and 14 caffeine metabolites. Results Multivariable, weighted linear regression revealed a significant inverse association between caffeine and testosterone. Multivariable linear regression revealed significant, inverse associations between 6 xanthine metabolic products of caffeine and testosterone. Inverse associations were observed between 5-methyluric acid products and testosterone, as well as between 5-acetlyamino-6-amino-3-methyluracil and testosterone. A significant, positive association was observed for 7-methyl xanthine, 3,7-dimethyluric acid, and 7-methyluric acid. Logistic regression models to characterize the association between 2 biologically active metabolites of caffeine (theobromine and theophylline) and odds of low testosterone (<300 ng/dL) were non-significant. Conclusions These findings suggest a potential role for caffeine’s contribution to low testosterone and biochemical androgen deficiency. Future studies are warranted to corroborate these findings, determine dose-response effects of caffeine on testosterone, and evaluate biological mechanisms underlying this association.

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Association of coffee and caffeine intake with irritable bowel syndrome in adults

10.21203/rs.3.rs-35477/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Glareh Koochakpoor ◽

Asma Salari-Moghaddam ◽

Ammar Hassanzadeh Keshteli ◽

Ahmad Esmaillzadeh ◽

Peyman Adibi

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Adult Population ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Positive Association ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Caffeine Intake ◽

Dietary Intakes ◽

Caffeine Consumption ◽

Significant Positive Association ◽

Cross Sectional

Abstract Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between coffee and caffeine intake and odds of IBS and its severity in adult population. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, dietary intakes of 3363 Iranian adults were examined using a validated dish-based 106-item Semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (DS-FFQ). Coffee and caffeine intake was assessed using the DS-FFQ. IBS was assessed using a modified Persian version of Rome III questionnaire. Binary logistic regression, in which the effect of several potential confounders were controlled for, was used to examine the association between coffee and caffeine intake and prevalence of IBS and its subtypes. To identify the association with severity of IBS symptoms, we applied ordinal logistic regression. Results: After adjustment for potential confounders, we found that individuals who were taking coffee weekly or more had greater odds of IBS (OR:1.50; 95% CI: 1.07-2.11) than those who never drinking coffee. In addition, participants in the top tertile of caffeine intake had 49% greater odds of IBS compared to those in the bottom tertile (OR: 1.49; 95% CI: 1.16-1.90). By gender, this association was observed among women, but not in men (for coffee: OR: 1.50; 95% CI: 1.00-2.57 and for caffeine: OR: 1.50; 95% CI: 1.12-2.02). In addition, a significant positive association was seen between caffeine intake and odds of IBS among subjects with BMI≥25 kg/m2 (OR: 1.76; 95% CI: 1.22-2.53). There was no significant association between coffee and caffeine intake and IBS severity.Conclusion: Coffee and caffeine consumption was associated with increased odds of IBS, in particular among women and those with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2.

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Association of Coffee and Caffeine Intake With Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Adults

Frontiers in Nutrition ◽

10.3389/fnut.2021.632469 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Glareh Koochakpoor ◽

Asma Salari-Moghaddam ◽

Ammar Hassanzadeh Keshteli ◽

Ahmad Esmaillzadeh ◽

Peyman Adibi

Keyword(s):

Adult Population ◽

Positive Association ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Caffeine Intake ◽

Dietary Intakes ◽

Caffeine Consumption ◽

Significant Positive Association ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Rome Iii ◽

Obese Subjects

The aim of this study was to investigate the association between coffee and caffeine intake and odds of IBS and its severity in adult population. In this cross-sectional study, dietary intakes of 3,362 Iranian adults were examined using a validated dish-based 106-item Semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (DS-FFQ). Coffee and caffeine intake was assessed using the DS-FFQ. IBS was assessed using a modified Persian version of Rome III questionnaire. After adjustment for potential confounders, we found that individuals who were taking coffee weekly or more had greater odds of IBS (OR:1.44; 95% CI: 1.02-2.04) than those who never drinking coffee. In addition, participants in the top tertile of caffeine intake (≥106.5 mg/d) had 47% greater odds of IBS compared to those in the bottom tertile (<69.4 mg/d) (OR: 1.47; 95% CI: 1.14-1.87). By gender, a significant association was observed between caffeine intake and odds of IBS among women (OR for those in the highest tertile vs. lowest tertile: 1.48; 95% CI: 1.10-2.00), but not in men (OR: 1.47; 95% CI: 0.94-2.30). In addition, a significant positive association was seen between caffeine intake and odds of IBS among subjects with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 (OR for those in the highest tertile vs. lowest tertile: 1.72; 95% CI: 1.20-2.48). There was a significant association between caffeine intake and IBS severity among subjects with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 (OR: 1.04; 95% CI: 1.01-2.62). In conclusion, coffee and caffeine consumption was associated with increased odds of IBS in the whole study population. The association between caffeine and odds of IBS was also significantly positive among women and overweight or obese subjects (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2). In addition, we found a significant relationship between caffeine intake and severity of IBS symptoms among overweight or obese subjects (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2).

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Altered Gut Microbiota in Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Its Association with Food Components

Journal of Personalized Medicine ◽

10.3390/jpm11010035 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 35

Author(s):

Zahra A. Barandouzi ◽

Joochul Lee ◽

Kendra Maas ◽

Angela R. Starkweather ◽

Xiaomei S. Cong

Keyword(s):

Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Alpha Diversity ◽

Diversity Indices ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Caffeine Intake ◽

Caffeine Consumption ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Food Components ◽

Irritable Bowel

The interplay between diet and gut microbiota has gained interest as a potential contributor in pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The purpose of this study was to compare food components and gut microbiota patterns between IBS patients and healthy controls (HC) as well as to explore the associations of food components and microbiota profiles. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 80 young adults with IBS and 21 HC recruited. The food frequency questionnaire was used to measure food components. Fecal samples were collected and profiled by 16S rRNA Illumina sequencing. Food components were similar in both IBS and HC groups, except in caffeine consumption. Higher alpha diversity indices and altered gut microbiota were observed in IBS compared to the HC. A negative correlation existed between total observed species and caffeine intake in the HC, and a positive correlation between alpha diversity indices and dietary fiber in the IBS group. Higher alpha diversity and gut microbiota alteration were found in IBS people who consumed caffeine more than 400 mg/d. Moreover, high microbial diversity and alteration of gut microbiota composition in IBS people with high caffeine consumption may be a clue toward the effects of caffeine on the gut microbiome pattern, which warrants further study.

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Assessment of the levels of caffeine consumption among Saudi Arabian university students

International Journal of ADVANCED AND APPLIED SCIENCES ◽

10.21833/ijaas.2021.03.005 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 36-39

Author(s):

Sami Abdulrahman Alhamidi ◽

◽

Seham Mansour Alyousef ◽

Keyword(s):

Nursing Students ◽

University Students ◽

Undergraduate Students ◽

Saudi Arabian ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Caffeine Intake ◽

Caffeine Consumption ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Undergraduate Nursing ◽

Typical Day

This study aimed to assess the caffeine consumption of Saudi Arabian undergraduate students and to determine if the average amount consumed is within healthful parameters. Caffeine consumption in Saudi Arabia is a major cultural and social feature. Consumption of excessive amounts of caffeine can be deleterious to the health of university students. This is a cross-sectional study. A total of 145 male undergraduate nursing students were surveyed using the Caffeine Consumption Questionnaire to assess their caffeine intake on a typical day. Among this group, 34.5% of students exceeded the 400mg daily safe levels for caffeine consumption. The average consumption of the total group, those consuming below 400mg and those exceeding 400mg were 325.1, 201.2, and 570.1 mg, respectively. Tea and coffee were the major contributors to total caffeine intake ranging from 0-8 (240ml) servings per day. Health promotion aimed at illuminating health risks of caffeine consumption exceeding safe limits may assist in modification of intake to more healthful levels.

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Low testosterone is associated with disability in men with multiple sclerosis

Multiple Sclerosis Journal ◽

10.1177/1352458514527864 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 20 (12) ◽

pp. 1584-1592 ◽

Cited By ~ 52

Author(s):

R Bove ◽

A Musallam ◽

BC Healy ◽

K Raghavan ◽

BI Glanz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism ◽

Total Testosterone ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Testosterone Levels ◽

Vitamin D Levels ◽

Relapsing Remitting ◽

25 Hydroxy Vitamin D ◽

Male Patients ◽

Low Testosterone

Background: Gonadal steroids may modulate disease course in multiple sclerosis (MS). Objective: To assess the prevalence and clinical associations of hypogonadism in men with MS. Methods: Male patients, aged 18–65 years, with relapsing–remitting MS (RRMS) or clinically-isolated syndrome (CIS) and their first symptom < 10 years prior were selected from a longitudinal clinical study. We measured their hormones in stored morning blood samples, and collected their Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) scores every 6 months and their Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) results annually. Results: Our analysis included 96 men with a mean age of 40 years, EDSS of 1.1 and disease duration of 4.6 years. Of these men, 39% were hypogonadal (total testosterone < 288 ng/dL); none showed compensatory elevations in luteinizing hormone. Their low testosterone levels and testosterone:estradiol ratios were negatively correlated with body mass index (BMI) and leptin, and showed no correlation with 25-hydroxy-vitamin D levels. In our primary cross-sectional analyses, there was a negative age-adjusted correlation between total testosterone and EDSS ( p = 0.044). In the age-adjusted longitudinal analyses, higher baseline testosterone levels were associated with less decline in SDMT ( p = 0.012). Conclusions: Men with MS may experience hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Low testosterone levels may be associated with worse clinical outcomes. A potential neuroprotective role for testosterone warrants further investigation.

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The relationship of caffeinated beverages with depressive symptoms and decision-making

Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.3233/mnm-211532 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Hatice Çolak ◽

Emel Erdeniz ◽

Esra Tansu Sarıyer ◽

Ekin Çevik ◽

Didem Yangın

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Caffeine Intake ◽

Caffeine Consumption ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Decision Making Styles ◽

Intuitive Decision Making ◽

The Relationship

BACKGROUND: Caffeine can affect depressive symptoms and decision-making. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to examine the relationship between caffeinated beverages consumption with depressive symptoms and decision-making styles. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 432 adults working in office environment. The questionnaire consisting of individuals’ socio-demographic attributes, the frequency and the amount of caffeinated beverages consumption, the “Epidemiological Research Center-Depression (CES-D) Scale” and the “Decision-Making Styles Scale” were used. The frequency and amount of caffeinated beverages were determined using the food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The participants were asked to choose which cup/mug they prefer to drink their caffeinated beverages and what amount they consume that beverage at a time. All the data were collected using online platforms. RESULTS: In the study, 76.7%of the participants were female and the mean age was 31.5±8.0 years. The average daily total caffeine intake of the participants was 425.8±461.4 mg and the total CES-D scale score was 17.7±11.2 points. It was found that as the amount of caffeine consumed increased, intuitive decision-making decreased and depressive symptoms increased (p < 0.05). In linear regression analysis, total caffeine consumption was found to be a significant predictor for the intuitive decision-making score (B: –0.151; p:0.002). When caffeine consumption is controlled, intuitive and rational decision making decreases with increasing depressive symptoms while addiction and avoidance decision making increased (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: As a result, the amount of caffeine consumed daily was related to intuitive decision-making but did not effect depression. It has been observed that depressive symptoms affect decision-making styles in different ways. To our knowledge, our study is the first to examine the effects of caffeine consumption on depression and decision-making styles. Accordingly, future studies may focus on the link between caffeine consumption, depression, and decision-making styles in larger populations and the mechanisms that influence this relationship.

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Does Caffeine Intake Increase the Incidence of Tinnitus? A Systematic Review

International Archives of Otorhinolaryngology ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1718965 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Sattam M. Aljuaid ◽

Ahmad A. Mirza ◽

Lura A. Habib ◽

Lujain A. AlHarthi ◽

Bashayer M. Alansari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Population Based ◽

Caffeine Intake ◽

Contributory Factor ◽

High Dose ◽

Caffeine Consumption ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Current Review ◽

Prospective Cohorts ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Introduction Excessive caffeine intake has been thought to be a contributory factor for tinnitus. However, there has been no systematic review to elucidate the causal relationship between caffeine intake and the incidence of tinnitus. Objectives We performed the current review aiming at evaluating the evidence from the current literature for the relationship between caffeine intake and the incidence of tinnitus. Data Synthesis Databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Google scholar were searched for relevant articles. A total of 142 studies were screened for eligibility, of which four articles met our inclusion criteria: two were prospective cohorts and two were cross-sectional studies. Although one study found no association between caffeine consumption and the incidence of tinnitus, an inverse relationship was reported by two population-based studies. Concerning patients with preexisting tinnitus, reduction of caffeine intake in a subset who consumed 150 ml to 300 ml/day of coffee yielded a favorable outcome in tinnitus severity. However, those with higher dose intake were less prone to have improvement in the severity of tinnitus. Conclusion Although the current review was inconclusive, it appears that the incidence of tinnitus in previously unaffected individuals might be prevented by a high dose of caffeine intake. However, in preexisting tinnitus, a high dose of caffeine may adversely interfere with the efficacy of caffeine reduction.

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Green tea and coffee consumption is inversely associated with depressive symptoms in a Japanese working population

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980013000360 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. 625-633 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

Ngoc Minh Pham ◽

Akiko Nanri ◽

Kayo Kurotani ◽

Keisuke Kuwahara ◽

Ayami Kume ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Green Tea ◽

Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Coffee Consumption ◽

Serum Folate ◽

Caffeine Intake ◽

Lower Prevalence ◽

Caffeine Consumption ◽

Cross Sectional

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the association between the consumption of green tea, coffee and caffeine and depressive symptoms.DesignCross-sectional study. Consumption of green tea and coffee was ascertained with a validated dietary questionnaire and the amount of caffeine intake was estimated from these beverages. Depressive symptoms were measured using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to compute odds ratios and 95 % confidence intervals for depressive symptoms with adjustments for potential confounders.SettingTwo workplaces in north-eastern Kyushu, Japan, in 2009.SubjectsA total of 537 men and women aged 20–68 years.ResultsHigher green tea consumption was associated with a lower prevalence of depressive symptoms. Compared with participants consuming ≤1 cup/d, those consuming ≥4 cups green tea/d had a 51 % significantly lower prevalence odds of having depressive symptoms after adjustment for potential confounders, with significant trend association (P for trend = 0·01). Further adjustment for serum folate slightly attenuated the association. Coffee consumption was also inversely associated with depressive symptoms (≥2 cups/d v. <1 cup/d: OR = 0·61; 95 % CI 0·38, 0·98). Multiple-adjusted odds for depressive symptoms comparing the highest with the lowest quartile of caffeine consumption was OR = 0·57 (95 % CI 0·30, 1·05; P for trend = 0·02).ConclusionsResults suggest that higher consumption of green tea, coffee and caffeine may confer protection against depression.

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DOES CAFFEINE INTAKE INFLUENCE MENTAL HEALTH OF MEDICAL STUDENTS?

Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine ◽

10.37268/mjphm/vol.21/no.2/art.626 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 22-28

Author(s):

Zaleha Md Isa ◽

Afraah Amani Anuar ◽

Amirul Danial Azmi ◽

Sanjeevaraj Tamil Selvan ◽

Noor Shafiqah Hisham ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Medical Students ◽

Online Survey ◽

Mental Health Problems ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Caffeine Intake ◽

Caffeine Consumption ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Prevalence Of Depression ◽

Relationship Of

Caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine) consumption among students is known to increase alertness and energy, as well as to alleviate stress. There has been an increase of caffeine consumption amongst young adults. Currently, there are no studies regarding caffeine consumption and its influence on mental health among Malaysians. We aimed to determine the relationship of caffeine consumption with depression, anxiety and stress among medical students. A cross sectional study was conducted among medical students in the Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. Data were collected via an online survey using two questionnaires, namely the semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaires on Caffeine Intake and Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21). A total of 262 medical students completed the survey. The prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress was 9.2%, 16.8% and 1.1%, respectively. Majority of students (98.5%) consumed caffeine from coffee, tea, soft drinks, energy drinks and chocolate drinks/food. The median daily caffeine consumption among consumers was 67.98 (25th,75th percentile: 24.83, 139.71) mg/day. There was a significant association between race and anxiety (p=0.038) in which the Malay students had the highest prevalence (21.1%), followed by Indian (16.1%), other races (15.4%) and Chinese students (3.8%). Caffeine consumption did not influence mental health of medical students in this study. Anxiety is the most prominent mental health problem among them. We recommend a programme tailored to medical students in recognising symptoms of mental health problems so that early intervention can be carried out.

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Caffeine Sources and Consumption among Saudi Adults Living with Diabetes and Its Potential Effect on HbA1c

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13061960 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (6) ◽

pp. 1960

Author(s):

Salwa Ali Albar ◽

Merfat Abdulrahman Almaghrabi ◽

Rawabi Ahmed Bukhari ◽

Rawan Hussein Alghanmi ◽

Maha Ali Althaiban ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Outcomes ◽

Type Ii Diabetes ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Caffeine Intake ◽

P Value ◽

Age Difference ◽

Inverse Association ◽

Type Ii ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Caffeine Consumption

Information regarding the spread and effect of coffee and caffeine intake by individuals with type II diabetes remains unclear. This study aims to identify the amount and sources of habitual caffeine intake by individuals with type II diabetes and to investigate its association with other health outcomes, especially HbA1c. This is a cross-sectional survey involving 100 people medically defined as having type II diabetes comprising both genders, recruited from a care centre. All participants completed a caffeine semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (C-FFQ) to estimate their caffeine consumption, a two day 24-h recall, and a detailed questionnaire. The average caffeine intake was calculated from all sources and the differences in mean by gender were tested using a regression model (adjusted to important confounders). Regression models were used to verify the association between average caffeine intake on HbA1c and other health outcomes with adjustment for important confounders. A p value < 0.05 represented statistical significance. Arabic coffee (gahwa) and tea were the most common sources of caffeine among Saudi adults living with diabetes. Average caffeine intake for the whole sample was 194 ± 165 mg/day, which is 2.3 ± 2 mg/kg. There was an inverse association between caffeine intake and age: difference in mean −3.26 mg/year (95%CI: −5.34, −1.18; p = 0.003). Males had significantly higher consumption of caffeine compared to females: difference in mean 90.7 mg/day (95%CI: 13.8, 167.6; p = 0.021). No association was found between average caffeine intake and HbA1C or any other cardiovascular risk factors. This information can help public health practitioners and policy makers when assessing the risk of caffeine consumption among this vulnerable group.

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