Adolescents Nutritional Association (Micronutrients) with Menarche: Role of Health Schemes and Services in India

Health Concern ◽

Age At Menarche ◽

Age Group ◽

Role Of Government ◽

Menarcheal Age ◽

The Mean

Abstract Menarcheal age in adolescent girls marks an important health concern in women's biology. The timing of menarche is an important determinant of Population size, Reproductive health and is an important factor of Health planning. The paper aimed to find the current mean age at menarche in India and its Nutritional association with micronutrients (given the role of government schemes and services). To fining out about the same the Menarcheal age group of (10-19 years) in India are examined. Binary logistic regression model is used to to estimate the association in the Menarcheal age among the Adolescent using the Comprehensive National Nutritional Survey. The mean age at menarche among adolescents stands at 9.07 years (95% C.I.: 8.990,9.166), including the non menstruating girls within the concerned age group,the mean age was 12.815 years (95% C.I.: 12.837,12.793). Girls with anemia are more likely to have their menarche 0.364 years higher than girls who are non amenic. The mean age at menarche is 0.72 years more likely to occur among those who have multivitamin tables/ syrup. The study concludes that over the time the age at menarche has declined rapidly with economic growth, urbanisation, Improvements in the Nutritional intake ( addition of Micronutrients also seen a contributing factor). The area of concern with regard to Micronutrients supplementation is that, it is done so to provide proper nutritional factors but on the other hand is also causing early Mnearche that most of the Health scientists warned and seen it as a cause for ovarian, breat cancers and other diseases amongst girls in future. Hence its imprtant to keep a proper check on the dietary intake among girls at early stages of life.

Credit constraints and Rural Migration: Evidence from Six Villages in Uttar Pradesh

MIGRATION LETTERS ◽

10.33182/ml.v15i3.360 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

pp. 389-398

Author(s):

Ruchi Singh

Keyword(s):

Credit Constraints ◽

Uttar Pradesh ◽

Male Migration ◽

Rural Economies ◽

And Migration ◽

The Relationship ◽

The Empirical Analysis

Rural economies in developing countries are often characterized by credit constraints. Although few attempts have been made to understand the trends and patterns of male out-migration from Uttar Pradesh (UP), there is dearth of literature on the linkage between credit accessibility and male migration in rural Uttar Pradesh. The present study tries to fill this gap. The objective of this study is to assess the role of credit accessibility in determining rural male migration. A primary survey of 370 households was conducted in six villages of Jaunpur district in Uttar Pradesh. Simple statistical tools and a binary logistic regression model were used for analyzing the data. The result of the empirical analysis shows that various sources of credit and accessibility to them play a very important role in male migration in rural Uttar Pradesh. The study also found that the relationship between credit constraints and migration varies across various social groups in UP.

Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio as a predictive biomarker for computed tomography scan use in mild traumatic brain injury

Biomarkers in Medicine ◽

10.2217/bmm-2020-0150 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (12) ◽

pp. 1085-1090

Author(s):

George A Alexiou ◽

Georgios D Lianos ◽

Aggeliki Tzima ◽

Athanasios Sotiropoulos ◽

Anastasios Nasios ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Traumatic Brain Injury ◽

Brain Injury ◽

Characteristic Curve ◽

Predictive Biomarker ◽

Health Concern ◽

Mild Tbi ◽

Ct Findings ◽

The Mean

Aim: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a serious health concern. We set out to investigate the role of neutrophil-to-lymphocytes ratio (NLR) at admission for predicting the need for computed tomography (CT) in mild-TBI. Materials & methods: A retrospective study of adult patients who presented with mild-TBI Results: One hundred and thirty patients met the inclusion criteria. Seventy-four patients had positive CT-findings. The mean NLR-levels at presentations were 5.6 ± 4.8. Patients with positive CT-findings had significant higher NLR-levels. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was conducted and the threshold of NLR-levels for detecting the cases with positive CT-findings was 2.5, with 78.1% sensitivity and 63% specificity Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge no previous study has assessed the value of NLR-levels for predicting the need for CT in mild-TBI.

Tolerance of Violence against Women and the Risk of Psychosocial Distress in Humanitarian Settings in Northern Uganda

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18158103 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (15) ◽

pp. 8103

Author(s):

Paul Bukuluki ◽

Peter Kisaakye ◽

Bonny Etti ◽

Micheal Ocircan ◽

Roberts-Reites Bev

Keyword(s):

Violence Against Women ◽

Psychosocial Stress ◽

Psychosocial Support ◽

Psychosocial Distress ◽

Health Concern ◽

Negative Consequences ◽

Humanitarian Settings ◽

Positive Attitudes

Background: Violence against women (VAW) remains a public health concern, which can sometimes lead to mental or psychological stress among other negative consequences. Data and methods: we fitted a binary logistic regression model on 657 respondents from host and refugee settings in three humanitarian districts (Adjumani, Obongi, and Lamwo) to examine the determinants of psychosocial stress. Results: experience of psychosocial distress is higher among refugees than host populations. Results indicate a higher proportion of respondents who ever experienced psychosocial stress in the 6 months preceding the survey among those who believed that a woman should tolerate violence (59% vs. 53%). Respondents who believed that a woman should tolerate violence had higher odds of experiencing psychosocial stress than their counterparts who believed a woman should not tolerate violence (OR = 6.86; 95%CI = 1.23–38.22). The likelihood to experience psychosocial stress was higher among females (OR = 6.94; 95%CI = 1.76–27.32), those with primary education (OR = 4.73; 95%CI = 1.24–18.00), and respondents with less than USD 2.7 as personal income one month before the survey (OR = 3.37; 95%CI = 1.32–8.62). Respondents who said that women should engage in income generation activities had higher odds to experience psychosocial stress (OR = 0.39; 95%CI = 0.17–0.89). Conclusion: results suggest that income and positive attitudes toward female-led income generating activities act as protective measures against psychosocial distress. Given the associations between VAW and psychosocial distress, efforts aimed at prevention and response to VAW in humanitarian settings should integrate mental health and psychosocial support interventions.

The role of moderating audit quality relationship between corporate characteristics and financial distress in the Indonesian mining sector

Investment Management and Financial Innovations ◽

10.21511/imfi.17(2).2020.08 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 88-100

Author(s):

Perdana Wahyu Santosa ◽

Martua Eliakim Tambunan ◽

Eva Rohima Kumullah

Keyword(s):

Corporate Governance ◽

Financial Distress ◽

Audit Quality ◽

Stock Exchange ◽

Financial Statements ◽

Mining Sector ◽

Managerial Implications

Financial performance and corporate governance play an important role in financial distress in the mining sector, which is one of the most significant contributors to the Indonesian economy. This study aims to analyze the effect of corporate characteristics on financial distress (FD), which is moderated by corporate governance (audit quality), and uses the controlling variables (inflation rate and GDP). The study uses data from audited financial statements from mining sector in the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2013–2018. Since the dependent variable (FD) is dichotomous, this study used a binary logistic regression model, as it is the case in many studies regarding the probability of bankruptcy filing. In line with the current study and some previous studies, leverage, efficiency (activity), market-to-book value, audit quality, and GDP affect the probability of financial distress significantly. Only liquidity and inflation do not impact FD. Besides, the moderating audit quality weakens the effect of liquidity and PBV; otherwise, it strengthens leverage and efficiency in predicting financial distress. As for managerial implications, this study concludes that corporate performance, corporate governance, and macro-risk factors affect the probability of financial distress. The authors suggest that mining firms need to pay attention to corporate governance and should watch the economic condition for business sustainability.

Menarcheal age of girls from dysfunctional families

Bosnian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences ◽

10.17305/bjbms.2004.3373 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 5-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Alma Toromanović ◽

Husref Tahirović

Keyword(s):

Life Events ◽

Probit Analysis ◽

Normal Families ◽

Age At Menarche ◽

Dysfunctional Families ◽

Menarcheal Age ◽

Group A ◽

The Mean ◽

Group B ◽

Clear Shift

The objective of the present study was to determine median age at menarche and the influence of familial instability on maturation. The sample included 7047 girls between the ages of 9 and 17 years from Tuzla Canton. The girls were divided into two groups. Group A (N=5230) comprised girls who lived in families free of strong traumatic events. Group B (N=1817) included girls whose family dysfunction exposed them to prolonged distress. Probit analysis was performed to estimate mean menarcheal age using the Probit procedure of SAS package. The mean menarcheal age calculated by probit analysis for all the girls studied was 13.07 years. In girls from dysfunctional families a very clear shift toward earlier maturation was observed. The mean age at menarche for group B was 13.0 years, which was significantly lower that that for group A, 13.11 years (t=2.92, P<0.01). The results surveyed here lead to the conclusion that girls from dysfunctional families mature not later but even earlier than girls from normal families. This supports the hypothesis that stressful childhood life events accelerate maturation of girls.

Determinants of anaemia among children aged under-five years in Meghalaya, India

Spectrum: Science and Technology ◽

10.54290/spect/2019.v6.1.0001 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 01-09

Author(s):

Rituparna Acharjee

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Age Groups ◽

Haemoglobin Concentration ◽

Family Health ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Mean ◽

Garo Hills ◽

Increased Susceptibility

Childhood anaemia poses serious threats to public health and may impair growth, cardiac function and cognitive and physical development. It also causes increased susceptibility to infections. Statistical analysis was performed on the cross-sectional data of 2957 children from 2015-2016 National Family Health Survey (NFHS-IV), using binary logistic regression model, to assess the significance of some risk factors of child anemia. Anemia was diagnosed by WHO cut-off points on hemoglobin level. The mean haemoglobin concentration was 114.19 g/dl (95% CI, 113.55-114.83) with the prevalence of child anaemia as 60.4% in Meghalaya. Of the 7 districts in Meghalaya (as per the seven-district classification used in NFHS-4), the highest prevalence was found in West Garo Hills (70.4 per cent), followed by Ri-Bhoi (67.7 per cent) and East Garo Hills (66.4 per cent) and the least prevalence was found in East Khasi Hills (45.6 per cent). The results of binary logistic risk factors showed higher likelihood of anaemia for lower age groups and higher birth orders (p <0.05).

Patterns and Differentials of Onset of Menstruation among School Girls in Chittagong Metropolitan Area of Bangladesh

The Chittagong University Journal of Science ◽

10.3329/cujs.v41i1.51922 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 41 (1) ◽

pp. 178-199

Author(s):

Md Abdul Karim ◽

Jesmin Akter

Keyword(s):

Reproductive Health ◽

Metropolitan Area ◽

Metropolitan Areas ◽

Age At Menarche ◽

Background Characteristics ◽

Vital Event ◽

Menarcheal Age ◽

School Girls ◽

The Mean ◽

Shape Characteristics

Onset of menstruation is the biological and physical indicator, which is one of the important components of female reproductive characteristics. Considering its importance in the context of reproductive health and fertility, the aim of this study is to determine the mean age at menarche and also to investigate the patterns and differentials of such an important vital event of the randomly selected girls aged 9-15 years from the schools of Chittagong metropolitan area. The results of this study show that the overall mean menarcheal age of the selected girls is only 11.75±0.97 years with significant variations by their background characteristics. The co-efficient of variation (8.3%) indicates that there exists extreme heterogeneity in menarcheal age of the respondents. Co-efficient of skewness (β1=0.15) and excess of kurtosis (γ2=0.35) reflect that the shape characteristics of age at menarche is positively skewed and leptokurtic. The mean age at menarche is computed as relatively low (11.37 years) among the respondents residing in the metropolitan areas. The mean age at menarche is found the highest (12.01 years) among the underweight and the lowest among overweight (11.43 years) girls. The results from the life table technique show that unexpectedly 1.2% girls likely to attain menarche only within age of 9.67 years. The value of spread (s=16 months) shows extreme heterogeneity in menarcheal age. The values of trimean of onset of menstruation for underweight, normal and overweight girls are found 11.83, 11.58 and 11.41 years respectively. The Chittagong Univ. J. Sci. 40(1) : 178-199, 2019

Knowledge about iron rich foods and its consumption pattern among adolescent girls in an urban slum of Kolar

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20172586 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (7) ◽

pp. 2282 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Latha K. ◽

Mohan H. D.

Keyword(s):

Folic Acid ◽

Adolescent Girls ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Urban Slum ◽

Consumption Pattern ◽

Age At Menarche ◽

Age Group ◽

Consumption Practices ◽

The Mean ◽

Iron And Folic Acid

Background: Adolescent anemia is a long standing public health problem in India. According to NFHS-3 almost 56% of adolescent girls aged 15-19 years suffer from some form of anaemia. This study was conducted to assess the knowledge and consumption practices of iron rich foods and also to estimate the haemoglobin levels among adolescent girls in urban slum of Kolar. Methods: Around 170 adolescent girls in the age group of 10-19 years in Gandhinagar area of Kolar town were included and administered the interview questionnaire. They were invited to Anganwadi centres on a fixed day for estimation of haemoglobin. 92 girls attended the screening and were given awareness by distributing hand out. Results: The mean age of the girls was 15.06±2.230. The mean age at menarche was 13.38±1.158. Majority of girls 58.8% were in 15-19 year age group, 94.1% were aware about iron rich foods and 66.5% were aware of weekly iron and folic acid supplementation (WIFS). Around 92 (54.1%) girls were screened for haemoglobin levels and 32 (34.8%) were found to have anaemia. The factors associated with anaemia among adolescent girls included attaining menarche and no toilet usage which was statistically significant (p value <0.05). Conclusions: The supplementation of iron and folic acid tablets alone is not sufficient and it has to be effectively combined with improving the awareness about iron rich foods and its consumption practices to reduce the prevalence of anaemia.

Role of locking compression plate in management of metaphyseal fractures in osteoporotic bones: an experimental study from rural Maharashtra

International Journal of Research in Orthopaedics ◽

10.18203/issn.2455-4510.intjresorthop20191015 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 388 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Prasanna Rathi ◽

Kiran P. Paknikar ◽

Shekhar P. Malve ◽

Govind S. Kulkarni ◽

Milind G. Kulkarni ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Distal Femur ◽

Constant Score ◽

Locking Compression Plate ◽

Age Group ◽

Femur Fractures ◽

Compression Plate ◽

The Mean ◽

One Year ◽

Metaphyseal Fractures

Background: Osteoporosis is multi factorial disease, which is caused by complex interaction between genetic and environmental factors that influence bone turnover, bone mass, skeletal geometry and risk factors. Distal femur fracture needs aggressive management in terms of open reduction and internal fixation with locking compression plate and early mobilization. Objectives were to study the role of locking compression plate in the management of osteoporotic metaphyseal fractures.Methods: Present study is a prospective study comprising of 50 patients who sustained various fractures in different bones of body due to osteoporosis and were treated using locking compression plate (LCP). All patients were evaluated for effectiveness of LCP.Results: In present series majority of patients (44%) fall in age group of 61-70 years having senile osteoporosis, followed by 12 (24%) from 51-60 years age group. Majority of the cases involved were distal femur fractures (50%). 15 i.e. 30% cases were fracture of proximal tibia and 20% were fracture of proximal humerus. 96% had osteoporosis. C1 type of fracture was commonly seen in 6 (12%) patients. The mean constant score at one month was 58 and at the end of one year it was 80. The mean oxford score at one month was 28 and at the end of one year it was 38.Conclusions: Locking compression plate is an ideal implant for fixation in metaphyseal osteoporotic bones when used methodically.

Study of Role of Iron Deficiency Anaemia in Febrile Seizures in Children in a Tertiary Care Centre

Journal of Nepal Paediatric Society ◽

10.3126/jnps.v35i2.12845 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 35 (2) ◽

pp. 148-151

Author(s):

Bheema Naik Sreenivasa ◽

Gowripura Visweswaraiah Kumar ◽

Bheema Naik Manjunatha

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Iron Deficiency ◽

Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽

Febrile Seizures ◽

Deficiency Anemia ◽

Age Group ◽

Febrile Convulsions ◽

Deficiency Anaemia ◽

The Mean

Introduction: The world health organization estimates that anaemia largely caused by iron deficiency, affecting between 500 million and two billion people worldwide. Considering the age prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia and febrile convulsion which are the same, the role of iron in the metabolism of neurotransmitter and some enzymes, the function of hemoglobin in conveying oxygen to the brain and since fever can exacerbate symptoms that result from anaemia, a relationship between iron deficiency anaemia and febrile convulsions is probable. Some studies have suggested iron deficiency as a predisposing factor for febrile seizures. We designed this case control study to evaluate the relationship between iron deficiency anaemia and febrile convulsions. The objective of this study was to study the role of iron deficiency as a risk factor for febrile seizures.Materials and Methods: Hundred cases and 100 controls were included in the study. Cases were children of age group six months to six years presenting with febrile seizures. Controls were children of same age group presenting with febrile illness but without any seizures. After informed consent, detailed history was taken and clinical examination done in both cases and controls and blood investigations were done to diagnose iron deficiency anemia. Two groups were matched for age and sex. In all children hemoglobin (Hb) level, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), red cell distribution width (RDW) and plasma ferritin (PF) were determined and the data collected were analyzed statistically.Results: The mean PF was significantly lower in cases compared to controls (p=0.000) and RDW was significantly higher in cases compared to controls (p=0.00). The mean Hb%, MCV, MCH are lower in cases compared to controls but it was statistically not significant.Concluson: Iron deficiency is a significant risk factor for febrile seizures in children of age group six months to six years. Early detection and timely correction of iron deficiency may be helpful for prevention of febrile seizures in children.J Nepal Paediatr Soc 2015;35(2):148-151