scholarly journals Predictors of Underweight among Children Under-five in Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gebremedhin Desta ◽  
Natnael Mamuye ◽  
Martin Sagayam Kulandairaj ◽  
Denekew Bitew ◽  
Bezarede Mekonnen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Order ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Proximate Factors ◽  
Size At Birth ◽  
Significant Factors

Abstract 9013 under-five children were included for study. Descriptive Statistics and POM were employed identify socio-economic, demographic, and proximate factors of underweight to children among regions of Ethiopia. SAS version 9.4 was used. About 25.3% of children in Ethiopia were underweighted. POM showed that sex, residence, size at birth, age group, incidence of diarrhea, educational level, breastfeeding status, mothers’ employment status, and birth order were found to be significant factors of underweight. Improvement of education for caring child in appropriate age needed. Personal hygiene be improved to prevent exposures to diarrhea and environmental sanitation.

scholarly journals Determinant factors of under-five mortality in Southern Nations, Nationalities and People’s region (SNNPR), Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gizachew Gobebo
Keyword(s):  
Birth Order ◽  
Family Size ◽  
Child Survival ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Determinant Factors ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Size At Birth

Abstract Background Child mortality is a key indicator of the performance of the health system of a nation. Impressive progress in the reduction of under-five mortality has been made in Ethiopia. However, still there are some regions where the under-five mortality rates are high. Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples’ Region (SNNPR) is among those regions in Ethiopia with high under-five mortality rates. This study aimed to identify the determinant factors of under-five mortality in SNNPR. Methods Data used for the study were drawn from the 2016 EDHS. A total of 1277 under-five children were included in the study. A multivariable logistic regression model was fitted to identify determinant factors associated with under-five mortality. Results Children with second or third birth order (OR = 1.316, 95% CI: (1.097, 2.343)), fourth or fifth birth order (OR = 1.934, 95% CI: (1.678, 3.822)), sixth or above birth order (OR = 3.980, 95% CI: (2.352, 6.734)) were significantly associated with increased risk of under-five mortality as compared to those with first birth order. Increased risk of under-five mortality was also significantly associated with a family size of five or more (OR = 3.397, 95% CI: (1.702, 6.782)) as compared to the family size of less than five; smaller size at birth (OR = 1.714, 95% CI: (1.120, 2.623)) as compared to larger size at birth; multiple births (OR = 1.472, 95% CI: (1.289, 2.746)) as compared to singletons. On the other hand, female children (OR = 0.552, 95% CI: (0.327, 0.932)), children born at health institutions (OR = 0.449, 95% CI: (0.228, 0.681)) and children who were breastfed (OR = 0.657, 95% CI: (0.393, 0.864)) were significantly associated with decreased risk of under-five mortality as compared to male children, those born at home and those who were not breastfed respectively. Conclusions Sex of a child, birth order, size of a child at birth, place of delivery, birth type, breastfeeding status, and family size were significant factors associated with under-five mortality in SNNPR, Ethiopia. Thus, planning and implementing relevant strategies that focus on those identified determinant factors of under-five mortality is required for the improvement of child survival in SNNPR, Ethiopia.

scholarly journals Prevalence and trend of malaria with anaemia among under-five children in Jasikan District, Ghana

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Domechele ◽  
George Pokoanti Wak ◽  
Francis Bruno Zotor
Keyword(s):  
Malaria Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Public Concern ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
High Prevalence

AbstractBackgroundMalaria still remains a major killer of children under-five, claiming the life of one child every two minutes globally. More than 78% of deaths among children under-five in Africa are as a result of malaria infection. Despite the several interventions to reduce malaria and anaemia, the disease remains a global public concern as more children continue to die. This study assessed the prevalence and trend of malaria and anaemia in children under-five years from 2012 to 2016.MethodsWe conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study among children under-five with malaria and anaemia who received care at the hospital in Jasikan town, Ghana from 2012 to 2016. Data were extracted from the children’s ward admission and discharge registers. We computed descriptive statistics to describe the data. STATA version 14 was used to carry out the analyses.ResultsOut of 30082 malaria cases, 835 were with anaemia from 2012 to 2016. This study demonstrated an overall proportion of malaria with anaemia as 0.028 (28 per 1000 malaria cases). Year 2014 recorded the highest proportion (38 per 1,000 malaria cases) of malaria with anaemia cases in the district. Overall, prevalence rate of malaria and anaemia cases separately was found as 61.5% and 4.4% respectively from 2012-2016. Children within 24-35 months’ age group contributed the highest (28.3%) and 0-11 months accounted for the lowest (12.9%) malaria with anaemia cases. Majority of malaria with anaemia cases 531 (63.6%) occurred in the rainy season from June to July.ConclusionThere is a high prevalence of malaria with anaemia cases among children under-five from 2012-2016. Age and seasonal variation were found to be predictors of an increase in the prevalence of malaria with anaemia.

scholarly journals Individual and Area Level Factors of Low Birth Weight in Ethiopia: Evidence from Ethiopian Demographic Health Survey 2016: Multilevel Modeling

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kibrom Taame Weldemariam ◽  
Kebede Embaye Gezae ◽  
Haftom Temesgen Abebe ◽  
Tsegay Teklu Tsegay
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Birth Order ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Multiple Birth ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Significant Factors

Abstract Background Low birth weight is one of the critical issues in Ethiopia that causes many babies’ short- term and long-term health consequences. In Ethiopia, low birth weight is increasing; however, limited evidences of multilevel factors associated with low birth weight in the study setting, Ethiopia. Objective The objective of this study was to assess individual and area level factors of Low Birth Weight in Ethiopia: from Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey 2016. Methods The data were extracted from the 2016 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey. For analysis a sample of 2110 birth weights within five years preceding the survey were included. The analysis was carried out using STATA software version 14. A two level mixed effects logistic regression analysis was used to estimate both the fixed effects of the individual and contextual factors and the random effects of the between cluster difference. Adjusted Odds Ratio with 95% Confidence Interval to express measures of association and Intra Class Correlation to express measures of variation were used. Results A total of 2110 children nested within 445 clusters were included in the analysis. Among them, 13% were with low birth weight. The ICC implied 11.7% of the variance in low birth weight was attributable to Area level unobservable factors. At individual level; multiple birth (AOR=2.74; 95%CI: 1.450-5.184), preterm birth (AOR=4.83; 95%CI: 2.644-8.830), anemic mothers (AOR=1.49; 95% CI: 1.069-2.092), six and above birth order (AOR=0.42; 95%CI: 0.242-0.752), mothers with primary educational level (AOR=0.61; 95%CI: 0.418-0.896) and secondary/higher educational level (AOR=0.39; 95%CI: 0.252-0.612) as well as region from Area level were significantly associated with low birth weight. Conclusion The results of this study showed that multiple births, anemic mothers, birth order, not-educated mothers and preterm gestational age at birth were significant factors of low birth weight. Hence, switching off/on the significant factors accordingly could reduce the risk of having low birth weight child.

scholarly journals Sociodemographic Predictors of Physical Functioning in the Elderly: A National Health Survey

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Milena Kostadinovic ◽  
Dejan Nikolic ◽  
Ivana Petronic ◽  
Dragana Cirovic ◽  
Mirko Grajic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marital Status ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Place Of Residence ◽  
Gender Group ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Level Group ◽  
Group 1

We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of sociodemographic factors with the presence and different degrees of walking difficulties in elderly above 65 years, and to analyze association between evaluated variables and the presence and degree of waking difficulties. In the population based study, 3540 individuals age above 65 years from Serbia were recruited. Further predictors were analyzed: gender, age, level of education, marital status, body mass index (BMI), index of well-being and place of residence. We assessed difficulty in walking half a km on level ground without the use of any aid (Group-1); and difficulty in walking up or down 12 steps (Group-2). Walking difficulties were categorized as no difficulty, some difficulty, a lot of difficulty and cannot do at all. For present difficulty significant predictors were: age (Group-1 (OR-3.022)/Group-2 (OR-3.825)), gender (Group-1 (OR-0.337)/Group-2 (OR-0.311)), educational level (Group-1 (OR-0.689)/Group-2 (OR-0.556)) and place of residence (Group-2 (OR-1.523)) while for non-performing the task, significant predictors were: age (Group-1 (OR-1.998)/Group-2 (OR-2.096)), gender (Group-1 (OR-0.629)/Group-2 (OR-0.495)), BMI (Group-1 (OR-1.219)/Group-2 (OR-1.305)), marital status (Group-1 (OR 0.764)/Group-2 (OR-0.769)), educational level (Group-1 (OR-0.679)/Group-2 (OR-0.719)) and index of well-being (Group-2 (OR-0.764)). Understanding of predictors, and their role on functional decline in elderly is of great importance for the development of specific population-based health programs to prevent further functional loss and preserve achieved functional gains.

scholarly journals Comparing the Socioeconomic Development of G7 and BRICS Countries and Resilience to COVID-19: An Entropy–MARCOS Framework

2021 ◽  
pp. 227853372110154
Author(s):  
Sanjib Biswas ◽  
Shuvendu Majumder ◽  
Suman Kumar Dawn
Keyword(s):  
Educational Level ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Socioeconomic Indicators ◽  
Brics Countries ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Developed Nations ◽  
Health Research And Development

In this article, we aim to compare the socioeconomic development (SED) of the countries listed in G7 (representing developed nations) and BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa—developing countries). Further, we intend to delve into the nexus between the SED of a country and its resilience to the current pandemic, COVID-19. The initial apprehension is that a country with better SED can show better resilience. To test this assumption, we consider seven socioeconomic indicators representing income, employment status, educational level, health condition, government expenditures in essential areas, like health, research and development, and gender equality and apply a compromise solution–based multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) framework. Next, we consider three parameters, namely infected cases (IC), recovery rate (RR), and death rate (DR), as explanatory proxy variables to indicate the resilience of the countries to COVID-19 spread. Finally, we examine the association between the SED and resilience of the countries. The results show that the SED of a country does not lead to better resilience to COVID-19.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Nutritional Status of the Under Five Children

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amita Pradhan
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Significant Variable ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Female Headed Households ◽  
Size At Birth

Objective: To identify factors associated to the nutritional status of under five children.Method: The data used in this analysis are from Demographic and Health Survey 2006 conducted in Nepal. Total 5262 cases are included in the present study. A multinomial logistic regression model is used to study the relation between various factors and nutritional status.Results: Increasing body mass index of mothers and wealth index shows decreasing likelihood of malnutrition among children. Rural children show insignificant higher likelihood of different forms of underweight and wasting as compared to urban area. Frequency of listening radio does not show significant association in case of mild and moderate wasting and shown very high unusual odds ratio in case of severe wasting.  Similarly, lower frequency of watching television also does not show significantly higher likeliness of different form of stunting, underweight and wasting. Female children are more likely to be stunted, underweight and wasted as compared to male. Female headed households are more likely to have moderately and mildly stunted children and mixed results are observed for underweight and wasting. The likelihood for all forms of malnutrition is higher among children with smaller than average size at birth as compared to average or bigger size at birth.  Mixed results are observed regarding likelihood of different forms of malnutrition among children with mothers having different educational level.Conclusion: Body mass index of mothers is found significant variable while explaining children's nutritional status. Similarly, Size at birth is significantly associated with nutrition during the childhood.Keywords: Stunting; wasting; under weight; under five childrenDOI: 10.3126/ajms.v1i1.2927Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.1(1) 2010 p.6-8

scholarly journals Overview of hospitalizations by ambulatory care sensitive conditions in the municipality of Cotia, Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (spe) ◽  
pp. 137-144
Author(s):  
Renata Laszlo Torres ◽  
Suely Itsuko Ciosak
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Ambulatory Care Sensitive Conditions ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Unified Health System ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sensitive Conditions

Objective To describe the profile of Hospitalizations by Amulatory Care Sensitive Conditions (HACSC), in the Municipality of Cotia, from 2008 to 2012. Method ecological, exploratory, longitudinal study with a quantitative approach. Data on HACSC, by age group and sex, were obtained from the Department of the Unified Health System. For data analysis descriptive statistics were used. Results During the period, there were 46,676 admissions, excluding deliveries, 7,753 (16.61%) by HACSC. The main causes were cerebrovascular diseases, 16.96%, heart failure, 15.50%, hypertension, 10.80% and infection of the kidney and urinary tract, 10.51%. Regarding gender, HACSC occurred predominantly in males. There was a greater number of HACSC at extreme age ranges, especially in the elderly. Conclusion Chronic diseases predominate among the leading causes of HACSC and there was no significant difference between sex.





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