scholarly journals Association Between Salivary Carbonic Anhydrase 6 Levels and Early Childhood Caries in Children With Chronic Bronchial Asthma

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Essa Ahmed Kormi ◽  
Sharat Chandra Pani ◽  
Reem AlNatsha
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Carbonic Anhydrase ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Protective Mechanism ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Asthmatic Children ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background and Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the level of a salivary marker (carbonic anhydrase 6 isoenzyme (CA6)) between children with and without bronchial asthma (BA) with dental caries to age and gender-matched non-asthmatic children with a similar caries profile. Materials and Methods: Saliva samples were collected from 80 children aged 6 to 8 years.The children were divided into four groups according to the presence of BA and caries: 1) high caries, presence of BA, 2) absence of caries, presence of BA, 3) high caries, absence of BA , 4) absence of caries, absence of BA . Differences in CA6 were compared among the groups using a One-Way ANOVA and Scheffe’s post hoc test. Separate regression models were developed to evaluate the impact of oral hygiene, dental caries and salivary pH on CA6 levels in children with and without BA. Results: Children with dental caries had a significantly higher CA6 level than their caries free healthy controls. Children with BA and dental caries had a significantly lower CA6 level than their caries free counterparts. The linear regression model showed dental caries had a significant inverse association with CA6 expression in children with BA but not in healthy children.Conclusion: CA6 may serve as a protective mechanism against dental caries in children with bronchial asthma.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF ASTHMAAND ITS MEDICATIONS ON DENTAL CARIES STATUS AND STREPTOCOCCUS MUTANS COUNT IN CHILDREN: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

2020 ◽  
pp. 20-23
Author(s):  
Sneha Upadhyay ◽  
Jyoti Bhavthankar ◽  
Mandakini Mandale ◽  
Nivedita Kaorey
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Asthmatic Children ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Background: Asthma and its medications have been linked to oral diseases in asthmatic children. Aim: Assessment of the dental caries status, salivary Streptococcus mutans count and S. mutans colony score in children receiving inhaled anti asthmatic medications and their comparison in healthy children Material and Method: A cross-sectional study was performed on 40 asthmatic children and 40 healthy children in the age group of 6-14 years. DMFT/deft indices were calculated and saliva samples were collected. Diluted saliva was inoculated on MSB agar plates. S. mutans count and colony score were analysed after 24-48 hours of inoculation. Results: Statistically significant difference was observed in the mean DMFT/deft index, salivary S. mutans load and S. mutans colony score in children of the asthmatic group and control group. Conclusion: Prevalence of dental caries and cariogenic bacteria is higher in asthmatic children.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Dental Caries and YKL-40 Levels in Saliva

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gülsüm Duruk ◽  
Esra Laloglu
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Pufa Index ◽  
Icdas Ii ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Objective : YKL-40, a new biomarker of localized inflammation, is secreted by macrophages and regulates inflammation and immune responses. The aim of this study was to investigate YKL-40 levels in saliva and compare the level of this mediator in healthy and unhealthy oral cavity. Methods: 85 children (46 girls, 39 boys), aged 6-15 (mean±SD: 9.15±2.16) were included in this study. The children were divided into three groups: Group-I (control, n=25, DMFT/dmft=0), Group-II (n=30, exist of localized dental caries) and Group-III (n=30, exist of localized advanced dental caries). Gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI), DMFT/dmft, DMFS/dmfs, and the number of advanced dental caries according to the ICDAS II and PUFA/pufa index were recorded. Saliva was collected and YKL-40 concentrations were measured. One-way ANOVA with Tukey post hoc, Kruskal-Wallis, multiple regression analysis, and Sperman’s correlation tests were used for statistical analysis. Results: The highest level of YKL-40 was obtained in group III , followed by groups II and I , respectively (p<0.01). In Group II, DMFT/dmft scores and the number of caries (DT/dt) were higher than in group III (p<0.01). In group III, there was a statistically significant correlation between YKL-40 levels in saliva and the number of advanced dental caries. In addition, there was no statistically significant difference in terms of age and gender (p>0.05). Conclusion: Advanced dental caries, rather than DMFT/dmft score, may play an important role in the increasing levels of YKL-40 in saliva.

scholarly journals PHENOTYPES OF EOSINOPHILS IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF ATOPIC BRONCHIAL ASTHMA IN CHILDREN

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 79-83
Author(s):  
Elena Asiryn ◽  
Pavel Novikov ◽  
Volha Matsiushchanka ◽  
Laimutė Vaidelienė ◽  
Goda Misevičiūtė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Absolute Level ◽  
Relative Level ◽  
Relative Index ◽  
Asthmatic Children ◽  
Atopic Bronchial Asthma ◽  
The Absolute

The aim of the research was to study the phenotype of eosinophils in children with atopic bronchial asthma and their role as diagnostic criteria of the disease. Materials and methods. We have examined 130 children aged from 6 to 18 years old with atopic bronchial asthma. The control group consisted of 40 healthy children from 6 to 18 years old, who didn’t have allergic diseases. During the research the relative and absolute levels of eosinophils, the level of eosinophils carrying FcεRI and FcεRII (CD23) – receptors were established. Results. The relative level of eosinophils in asthmatic children was 6.00% [3.00; 8.00], the absolute level – 417.00 cells/μL [232.00; 636,00], which is significantly higher compared to control group, where the relative level was 2.50% [1.00; 3.00%] and the absolute level was 166.50 cells/μl [86.00; 213.00] (p&lt;0.001). The level of eosinophils carrying the FcεRI receptor was 420,00 cells/μl [250,00; 660,00], which is significantly higher than in the control group – 200,00 cells/μl [140,00; 240.00] (p&lt;0.001). The relative level of eosinophils carrying CD23 receptor on their surface was 62.20% [35.40; 76.60] and the absolute level –223.37 cells/μl [105.30; 375.24]. The results are significantly higher than those of the control group: 25.45% [14.30; 30,60] (p&lt;0,001), and 30,88 cells/μl [25,63; 42.84] (p &lt;0.0001) respectively. It was found in the ROC-analysis that there is high evidence of presence of atopic bronchial asthma if absolute levels of eosinophils carrying CD23 receptor was 73.008 cells/μl or more or the relative index – 35.10% and more. Conclusions. The relative and absolute levels of eosinophils, as well as eosinophils carrying FcεRI and CD23 receptors are statistically significantly higher in atopic bronchial asthma than in control group patients. Increased number or relative index (73.008 cells/μl or ≥ 35.10% respectively) of eosinophils carrying CD 23 receptors can be considered as a diagnostic criterion of atopic bronchial asthma.

scholarly journals Genetic predictors of theophylline efficacy and safety in children with bronchial asthma

2012 ◽  
Vol 93 (5) ◽  
pp. 768-772
Author(s):  
B I Kantemirova ◽  
A K Starodubtsev ◽  
D A Sychev ◽  
V I Griganov
Keyword(s):  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Polymorphic Marker ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Genetic Predictors ◽  
Substrate Drug ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Urine Cortisol ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Treatment Safety

Aim. To study the prevalence of С734A polymorphic marker of CYP1А2 genotype in population of children of different ethnical groups, and to estimate the phenotypic activity of CYP3A4 izoenzyme by age and gender for further increasing the theophylline treatment safety in children with bronchial asthma. Methods. 250 healthy children aged from 1 to 10 years from different ethnical groups (Russians, Kalmyks, Ingush, Chechens, Tatars). Each ethnical group consisted of 50 children. CYP1А2 izoenzyme genotype (by С734A polymorphic marker) was detected by polymerase chain reaction. CYP3A4 izoenzyme of liver cytochrome P 450 activity was measured by calculating urine 6-β-hydrocortisone level to urine cortisol level ratio. Urine 6-β-hydrocortisone and cortisol levels were measured by high precision Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Results. It is the first time when high prevalence of CYP1А2 genotype was reported in children of 5 different nationalities living in Astrakhan region, associated both with slow and rapid CYP1А2 substrate drug metabolism, showing the importance of further individual studies on CYP1А2 genotype polymorphism. Age and gender-related features of CYP3A4 izoenzyme phenotype activity, that should be taken into account while choosing the most effective and safe methylxanthines dosing, were revealed. Conclusion. Before the long-term drug therapy of bronchial asthma using theophylline it is rational to investigate CYP1А2 gene polymorphism and CYP3A4 izoenzyme phenotype activity to increase treatment safety.

scholarly journals Vitamin D levels in children with bronchial asthma

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 2163
Author(s):  
Kaisar R. Wani ◽  
Reyaz A. Malik Malik ◽  
Asif Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Asthmatic Children ◽  
Serum Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
The Mean

Background: Bronchial asthma is a common chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways in childhood. Vitamin D, initially described as a vitamin that regulated calcium homeostasis, has also been shown to exert important antimicrobial effects and is also a potent immune system regulator having a potential role in various allergic diseases. The main objective of this study was to look the levels of vitamin D in children with bronchial asthma and to study the co relationship between vitamin D levels and severity of asthma.Methods: This study included 80 (40 asthmatic children and 40 healthy controls) children aged between 4 and 15 year. Serum vitamin D levels where determined and compared between the two groups. The association between vitamin D levels and severity of asthma was studied in the asthmatic children.Results: Among 40 asthmatic children the mean serum vitamin D level was 16.6±11.56 ng/ml, while as the mean vitamin D levels in healthy control subjects was 24.225±2.764 ng/ml and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (p=0.001). Vitamin D deficiency was highly prevalent in asthmatic patients and there was a direct and a significant relationship between serum vitamin D levels and severity of asthma.Conclusion: In this study, vitamin D levels were considerably lower in children with asthma than in healthy children. Also, in this study vitamin D deficient asthma patients have more severe asthma than the patients who have sufficient vitamin D levels.

scholarly journals The Impact of Air Pollution on Intestinal Microbiome of Asthmatic Children: A Panel Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Zheng ◽  
Qiang Wang ◽  
Kexing Zhang ◽  
Xifang Lv ◽  
Xue Ni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Intestinal Microbiome ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Asthmatic Children ◽  
Class Level ◽  
Children With Asthma ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Intestinal microbiome can influence human health. Previous researches showed that the intestinal microbiome played an important role in immune responses associated with allergic disease. Colonization of intestinal microorganisms in the early life could affect future susceptibility to asthma. In China the incidence of childhood asthma raised sharply in recent years and the air pollution was serious in the meantime. Based on the above theories and conditions, the main objective of this article was to explore the impact of air pollution on intestinal microbiome of asthmatic children preliminary. Results A total of 42 fecal samples from 21 children, among whom 11 children with asthma and 10 children without asthma, were collected twice in a clean day and a polluted day respectively. Identifying the bacteria in gut by the method of high throughput sequencing for 16SrRNA gene. The results showed that Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria were the dominant phyla in all children. Proteobacteria (p=0.020) increased significantly and Bacteroidetes (p=0.072) decreased marginally significantly in asthmatic children compared with healthy children. Bacteroidetes (p=0.067) showed marginally significant increasing and Actinobacteria (p=0.001) showed significant decline in asthmatic children after air pollution. The variations of Firmicutes (p=0.106) and Proteobacteria (p=0.064) were marginally significant in healthy children after air pollution. Analyzed by multiple linear regression, the relative abundance of Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes at phylum level, Bacteroidia at class level, Clostridium_sensu_ stricto_1 and Terrisporobacter at genus level significantly correlated with environmental pollutants (p<0.05), including PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2 and O3. Conclusion Composition of intestinal microbiome in asthmatic children were different from healthy children significantly, and air pollution could impact on intestinal microbiome both in asthmatic and healthy children.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Dental Caries and YKL-40 Levels in Saliva

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gülsüm Duruk ◽  
Esra Laloglu
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Pufa Index ◽  
Icdas Ii ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Objective: YKL-40, a new biomarker of localized inflammation, is secreted by macrophages and regulates inflammation and immune responses. The aim of this study was to investigate YKL-40 levels in saliva and compare the level of this mediator in oral cavity. Methods: 85 children (46 girls, 39 boys), aged 6-15 (mean±SD: 9.15±2.16) were included in this study. The children were divided into three groups: Group-I (control, n=25, DMFT/dmft=0), Group-II (n=30, exist of localized dental caries) and Group-III (n=30, exist of localized advanced dental caries). Gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI), DMFT/dmft, DMFS/dmfs, and the number of advanced dental caries according to the ICDAS II and PUFA/pufa index were recorded. Saliva was collected and YKL-40 concentrations were measured. One-way ANOVA withTukey post hoc, Kruskal-Wallis, multiple regression analysis, and Sperman’s correlation tests were used for statistical analysis. Results: The highest level of YKL-40 was obtained in group III, followed by groups II and I, respectively (p<0.01). In Group II, DMFT/dmft scores and the number of caries (DT/dt) were higher than in group III (p<0.01). In group III, there was a statistically significant correlation between YKL-40 levels in saliva and the number of advanced dental caries. In addition, there was no statistically significant difference in terms of age and gender (p>0.05). Conclusion: Advanced dental caries, rather than DMFT/dmft score, may play an important role in the increasing levels of YKL-40 in saliva.

scholarly journals The Impact of Air Pollution on Intestinal Microbiome of Asthmatic Children: A Panel Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Ping Zheng ◽  
Bei Zhang ◽  
Kexing Zhang ◽  
Xifang Lv ◽  
Qiang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Intestinal Bacteria ◽  
Short Wave ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Intestinal Microbiome ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Asthmatic Children ◽  
Asthma Attack ◽  
Immunological Mechanisms ◽  
The Impact

Air pollution could impact on the alteration of intestinal microbiome. Maturation of intestinal microbiome in early life played an important role in the development of allergic diseases, including asthma. Recent studies presented an increase in the evidence of association between the shift of gut microbiota and asthma. This article is aimed at exploring whether the alteration in the intestinal microbiome triggered by a short wave of air pollution could influence the colonization of bacteria that have been related to the immunological mechanisms of the asthma attack. The impact of air pollution on intestinal microbiome was assessed by longitudinal comparison. Fecal samples were collected twice for twenty-one children in clean and smog days, respectively, including eleven asthmatic children and ten healthy children. Intestinal bacteria were discriminated by using the method of 16S rRNA gene sequence. The results showed that the composition of intestinal microbiome changed between clean and smog days among all children (PERMANOVA, P = 0.03 ). During smog days, Bifidobacteriaceae, Erysipelotrichaceae, and Clostridium sensu stricto 1 decreased, and Streptococcaceae, Porphyromonadaceae, Rikenellaceae, Bacteroidales S24-7 group, and Bacteroides increased in asthmatic children (Wilcoxon test, P < 0.05 ), while Fusicatenibacter decreased and Rikenellaceae and Terrisporobacter increased in healthy children (Wilcoxon test, P < 0.05 ). After controlling for food consumption, the relative abundance of some bacteria belonging to Firmicutes negatively associated with concentration of PM2.5, PM10, NO2, and SO2 (multiple linear regression, P < 0.05 ). This study demonstrated that short wave of air pollution had an impact on the intestinal microbiome of asthmatic children. Intestinal bacteria, which have been related to immunological mechanisms of asthma attack, were also found to be associated with air pollution. This finding suggested that a short wave of air pollution may trigger asthma by impacting on intestinal bacteria.

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