The Impact of Anti- Asthmatic Medications on Salivary pH and Dental Caries Pattern in a Group of Egyptian Children With Bronchial Asthma

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Egyptian Children ◽  
Salivary Ph ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Association Between Salivary Carbonic Anhydrase 6 Levels and Early Childhood Caries in Children With Chronic Bronchial Asthma

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Essa Ahmed Kormi ◽  
Sharat Chandra Pani ◽  
Reem AlNatsha
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Carbonic Anhydrase ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Protective Mechanism ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Asthmatic Children ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background and Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the level of a salivary marker (carbonic anhydrase 6 isoenzyme (CA6)) between children with and without bronchial asthma (BA) with dental caries to age and gender-matched non-asthmatic children with a similar caries profile. Materials and Methods: Saliva samples were collected from 80 children aged 6 to 8 years.The children were divided into four groups according to the presence of BA and caries: 1) high caries, presence of BA, 2) absence of caries, presence of BA, 3) high caries, absence of BA , 4) absence of caries, absence of BA . Differences in CA6 were compared among the groups using a One-Way ANOVA and Scheffe’s post hoc test. Separate regression models were developed to evaluate the impact of oral hygiene, dental caries and salivary pH on CA6 levels in children with and without BA. Results: Children with dental caries had a significantly higher CA6 level than their caries free healthy controls. Children with BA and dental caries had a significantly lower CA6 level than their caries free counterparts. The linear regression model showed dental caries had a significant inverse association with CA6 expression in children with BA but not in healthy children.Conclusion: CA6 may serve as a protective mechanism against dental caries in children with bronchial asthma.

scholarly journals Systematic Review of Intervention Studies Aiming at Reducing Inequality in Dental Caries among Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 1300
Author(s):  
Anqi Shen ◽  
Eduardo Bernabé ◽  
Wael Sabbah
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Intervention Studies ◽  
Preventive Intervention ◽  
Socioeconomic Inequalities ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Water Fluoridation ◽  
Qualitative Synthesis ◽  
Oral Health Promotion ◽  
The Impact

(1) Background: The objective is to systematically review the evidence on intervention programs aiming at reducing inequality in dental caries among children. (2) Methods: Two independent investigators searched MEDLINE, Cochrane library, and Ovid up to December 2020 to identify intervention studies assessing the impact on socioeconomic inequalities in dental caries among children. The interventions included any health promotion/preventive intervention aiming at reducing caries among children across different socioeconomic groups. Comparison groups included children with alternative or no intervention. Cochrane criteria were used to assess interventional studies for risk of bias. (3) Results: After removal of duplicate studies, 1235 articles were retained. Out of 43 relevant papers, 13 articles were identified and used in qualitative synthesis, and reported quantifiable outcomes. The included studies varied in measurements of interventions, sample size, age groups, and follow-up time. Five studies assessed oral health promotion or health-education, four assessed topical fluorides, and four assessed water fluoridation. Interventions targeting the whole population showed a consistent reduction of socioeconomic inequalities in dental caries among children. (4) Conclusion: The quality of included papers was moderate. High heterogeneity did not allow aggregation of the findings. The overall findings suggest that whole population interventions such as water fluoridation are more likely to reduce inequalities in children’s caries than target population and individual interventions.

scholarly journals Impact of dental caries on oral health related quality of life among preschool children: perceptions of parents

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mina Pakkhesal ◽  
Elham Riyahi ◽  
AliAkbar Naghavi Alhosseini ◽  
Parisa Amdjadi ◽  
Nasser Behnampour
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Dmft Index ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Childhood dental caries can affect the children’s and their parents’ oral health-related quality of life. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of oral and dental health conditions on the oral health-related quality of life in preschool children and their parents. Methods In this descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study, samples were selected from children 3 to 6 years old enrolled in licensed kindergartens using "proportional allocation" sampling. Then, the parents of the children were asked to complete the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS). Results In this study, 350 children aged 3 to 6 years were evaluated with a mean age of 4.73 years. The mean dmft index (decayed, missed, and filled teeth) was 3.94 ± 4.17. The mean score of oral health-related quality of life was 11.88 ± 6.9, which 9.36 ± 5.02 belongs to the impact on children and 2.52 ± 3.20 to parents' impact. Conclusions The mean score of ECOHIS increased with the dmft index increase in children, indicating a significant relationship between the dmft and ECOHIS score. These outcomes can be used as proper resources to develop preventive policies and promote oral health in young children.

scholarly journals The Impact of Carbohydrate Quality on Dental Plaque pH: Does the Glycemic Index of Starchy Foods Matter for Dental Health?

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2711
Author(s):  
Fiona S. Atkinson ◽  
Jouhrah Hussain Khan ◽  
Jennie C. Brand-Miller ◽  
Joerg Eberhard
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Glycemic Index ◽  
Dental Plaque ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
White Bread ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Plaque Ph ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Starchy Foods

Sugary carbohydrate foods have long been associated with increased risk of dental caries formation, but the dental health impact of starchy carbohydrates, particularly those with a high glycemic index (GI), has not been well examined. Aim: To investigate the effect of different starchy foods varying in their GI, on acute changes in dental plaque pH. Methods: In a series of sub-studies in healthy adults, common starchy carbohydrate foods, including white bread, instant mashed potatoes, canned chickpeas, pasta, breakfast cereals, white rice, and an oral glucose solution were consumed in fixed 25 g available carbohydrate portions. The change in dental plaque pH was assessed postprandially over 1 h and capillary plasma glucose was measured at regular intervals over 2 h. Results: Higher GI starchy foods produced greater acute plaque pH decreases and larger overall postprandial glucose responses compared to lower GI starchy foods (white bread compared with canned chickpeas: −1.5 vs. −0.7 pH units, p = 0.001, and 99 ± 8 mmol/L min vs. 47 ± 7 mmol/L min, p = 0.026). Controlling for other food factors (food form and nutritional composition), lower GI versions of matched food pairs produced smaller plaque pH excursions compared to higher GI versions of the same food. Using linear regression analysis, the GI value of starchy carbohydrate foods explained 60% of the variation in maximum plaque pH nadir and 64% of the variation in overall acute dental plaque pH excursion (p < 0.01). Conclusion: The findings imply that starchy foods, in particular those with a higher GI, may play a role in increasing the risk of dental caries.

Modulatory Effect of Glycated Collagen on Oral Streptococcal Nanoadhesion

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-89
Author(s):  
C.M.A.P. Schuh ◽  
B. Benso ◽  
P.A. Naulin ◽  
N.P. Barrera ◽  
L. Bozec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Type I ◽  
Oral Streptococci ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Collagen Crosslinking ◽  
Initial Adhesion ◽  
Collagen Glycation ◽  
The Impact

Biofilm-mediated oral diseases such as dental caries and periodontal disease remain highly prevalent in populations worldwide. Biofilm formation initiates with the attachment of primary colonizers onto surfaces, and in the context of caries, the adhesion of oral streptococci to dentinal collagen is crucial for biofilm progression. It is known that dentinal collagen suffers from glucose-associated crosslinking as a function of aging or disease; however, the effect of collagen crosslinking on the early adhesion and subsequent biofilm formation of relevant oral streptococci remains unknown. Therefore, the aim of this work was to determine the impact of collagen glycation on the initial adhesion of primary colonizers such as Streptococcus mutans UA159 and Streptococcus sanguinis SK 36, as well as its effect on the early stages of streptococcal biofilm formation in vitro. Type I collagen matrices were crosslinked with either glucose or methylglyoxal. Atomic force microscopy nanocharacterization revealed morphologic and mechanical changes within the collagen matrix as a function of crosslinking, such as a significantly increased elastic modulus in crosslinked fibrils. Increased nanoadhesion forces were observed for S. mutans on crosslinked collagen surfaces as compared with the control, and retraction curves obtained for both streptococcal strains demonstrated nanoscale unbinding behavior consistent with bacterial adhesin-substrate coupling. Overall, glucose-crosslinked substrates specifically promoted the initial adhesion, biofilm formation, and insoluble extracellular polysaccharide production of S. mutans, while methylglyoxal treatment reduced biofilm formation for both strains. Changes in the adhesion behavior and biofilm formation of oral streptococci as a function of collagen glycation could help explain the biofilm dysbiosis seen in older people and patients with diabetes. Further studies are necessary to determine the influence of collagen crosslinking on the balance between acidogenic and nonacidogenic streptococci to aid in the development of novel preventive and therapeutic treatment against dental caries in these patients.

scholarly journals The impact of minimally invasive restorative techniques on perception of dental pain among pregnant women: a randomized controlled clinical trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
May M. Adham ◽  
Mona K. El Kashlan ◽  
Wafaa E. Abdelaziz ◽  
Ahmed S. Rashad
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Dental Pain ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Atraumatic Restorative Treatment ◽  
Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Caries Removal ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background The public dental care sector is striving to fulfill the preventive and restorative needs of Egyptians, including pregnant women, who may not receive timely care due to misconceptions about dental treatment during pregnancy. Because of this, they are likely to suffer dental pain, with higher risk of infection affecting their offsprings. Aim of the study To compare the effectiveness of chemo-mechanical caries removal using Papacarie-Duo and Atraumatic Restorative Treatment (ART) in reducing dental pain among pregnant women. Materials and methods A randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted, in 2019, and included 162 pregnant women visiting family health centers in Alexandria, Egypt, with dental pain due to dental caries not extending to pulp. Patients were randomly assigned to Papacarie-Duo group (n = 82) and ART group (n = 80) after stratification by number of treated surfaces. The outcome variables were reduction in pain assessed using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), satisfaction with treatment, and time taken for dental caries removal. T test/ Mann Whitney U test were used to compare groups and Freidman test was used to compare change across time. Results Pain reduction was significantly greater in the Papacarie-Duo than the ART group (81.55% and 69.43%, P = 0.001). Patients in the Papacarie-Duo group were significantly more satisfied with treatment than those in the ART, immediately after treatment (mean = 9.60 and 8.00, P =  < 0.01) and after 6 months (mean = 9.63 and 8.16, P =  < 0.01). Significantly less excavation time was recorded in the Papacarie-Duo group than in the ART group (mean = 10.38 and 11.56 min, P =  < 0.01). Conclusion Chemo-mechanical caries removal using Papacarie-Duo is more effective in reducing dental pain, in pregnant women, and is associated with more satisfaction and less excavation time than ART. Trial registration: ID NCT04573608 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/); 5/10/2020, retrospective registration.

Psychosocial profile of encopretic children and their caregivers in relation to parenting style

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S362-S362 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Zaky ◽  
M. Rashad ◽  
H. Elsafoury ◽  
E. Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Parenting Style ◽  
Parenting Styles ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Psychosocial Profile ◽  
Group I ◽  
Egyptian Children ◽  
Paternal Anxiety ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundThe role of psychological factors in the development and maintenance of encopresis is controversial.ObjectivesAssessment of the psychosocial profile of encopretic children and their caregivers in relation to parenting style compared to controls.MethodologyThe current cross sectional study comprised 90 Egyptian children classified into three groups: group I (encopresis without constipation and overflow incontinence), group II (encopresis with constipation and overflow incontinence), and group III (clinically healthy controls); each group included 30 children. Thorough clinical evaluation and psychometric assessment were carried out for all enrolled children while caregivers were evaluated for their parenting styles, anxiety, depression, and introversion scores.ResultsHardness, undue blaming, and indecisive parenting styles were significantly more prevalent among caregivers of group I. Encopretic children of group I & II had poorer self-esteem and higher prevalence of clinically manifest depression compared to healthy controls. Furthermore, there was a higher prevalence of clinically manifest paternal anxiety, depression, and introversion and maternal depression among caregivers of group II and higher prevalence of clinically manifest paternal anxiety and depression among fathers of group I.ConclusionThe approach of toilet training, not the time of its initiation, seems to be the factor that really matters in predisposing to and perpetuating encopresis. Further exploration is needed to determine if the documented association of psychological disorders of enrolled encopretic children and their caregivers was causal or being just the impact of the child's encopresis.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Cause-and-effect relationships between air pollution and health conditions in population

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 230-234
Author(s):  
I. I. Berezin ◽  
Yu. Yu. Eliseev ◽  
A. K. Sergeev
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Industrial City ◽  
Cause And Effect ◽  
The Impact

Objectives to reveal cause-and-effect relationships in the system "air pollution morbidity of the population" in a large industrial city. Material and methods.The dynamics of the pollutants concentration, such as formaldehyde and benzopyrene, through the period of 20152017 was analyzed in relation to the indicators of the morbidity of the respiratory system in the population of Samara. In particular, the study focused on the ratio of allergic rhinitis and asthma cases and the concentration of the formaldehyde and benzopyrene. Results.The incidence of respiratory diseases and the general morbidity increased both among children (by 46.7%) and adults (by 11.4%). There was the causal correlation between the effect of benzopyrene on the development of allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma in children(r = 0.57 and r = 0.76) and in adults (r = 0.45 and r = 0.51) in Samara. The significant differences between the level of the pollutants and the frequency of the respiratory system diseases were registered in children and adults in different areas of Samara. Discussion.As a result of the increase of the maximum allowable concentration (MAC) of formaldehyde in atmospheric air, this pollutant has now ceased to be a priority. The revealed negative correlations point to the absence of an adverse effect of formaldehyde on the development of allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma in both children and adults in Samara. Conclusion.According to the results of the study, the preventive measures aimed at reducing the impact of main air pollutants on the health of children and adults in Samara were suggested. Their implementation is possible by the immediate informing of the executive authorities to ensure they can make timely management decisions to improve the quality of the environment.

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