scholarly journals Identification of a Phosphorus-Solubilizing Tsukamurella Tyrosinosolvens Strain and its Effect on the Bacterial Diversity of the Rhizosphere Soil of Peanuts Growth-Promoting

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lizhen Han ◽  
Hong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
P Solubilization ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing

Abstract Phosphate Solubilizing Microorganisms widely exist in plant rhizosphere soil, but report about the P solubilization and multiple growth-promoting properties of rare actinomycetes are scarce. In this paper, a phosphate solubilizing Tsukamurella tyrosinosolvens P9 strain was isolated from the rhizosphere soil of tea plants. Phosphorus-dissolving abilities of this strain were different under different carbon and nitrogen sources, the soluble phosphorus content was 442.41 mg/L with glucose and potassium nitrate as nutrient sources. The secretion of various organic acids, such as lactic acid, maleic acid, oxalic acid, etc, was the main mechanism for P solubilization and pH value in culture was very significant negative correlation with soluble P content. In addition, this strain had multiple growth-promoting characteristics with 37.26 μg/mL of IAA and 72.01% of siderophore relative content. Under pot experiments, P9 strain improved obviously the growth of peanut seedlings. The bacterial communities of peanut rhizoshpere soil were assessed after inoculated with P9 strain. It showed that there was no significant difference in alpha-diversity indices between the inoculation and control groups, but the P9 treatment group changed the composition of bacterial communities, which increased the relative abundance of beneficial and functional microbes, which relative abundances of Chitinophagaceae and Beijerinckiaceae at the family level, and of Flavihumibacter , Ramlibacter and Microvirga at the genus level, were all siginificant increased. Specially, Tsukamurella tyrosinosolvens were only detected in the rhizosphere of the inoculated group. This study not only founded growth-promoting properties of T . tyrosinosolvens P9 strain and its possible phosphate solublizing mechanism, but also expected to afford an excellent strain resource in biological fertilizers.

scholarly journals Identification of phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms and determination of their phosphate-solubilizing activity and growth-promoting capability

BioResources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 2560-2578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying-Ying Wang ◽  
Pei-Shan Li ◽  
Bi-Xian Zhang ◽  
Yan-Ping Wang ◽  
Jing Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Penicillium Oxalicum ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Soluble Phosphorus ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing ◽  
Solubilizing Activity

Phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms have been considered as a novel alternative approach to provide phosphate fertilizers that promote plant growth. In this study, three strains were isolated and identified as Penicillium oxalicum FJG21, Penicillium oxalicum FJQ5, and Bacillus subtilis BPM12, with a relatively high phosphate-solubilizing activity. Various phosphate sources were investigated, and Ca3(PO4)2 was identified as the effective phosphate source. Factors governing the phosphate-solubilizing activity of the strains included carbon and nitrogen sources, initial pH, and fermentation time. A high soluble phosphorus content was achieved with 529.0 μg·mL-1, 514.0 μg·mL-1, and 330.7 μg·mL-1 for Penicillium oxalicum FJG21, Penicillium oxalicum FJQ5, and Bacillus subtilis BPM12, respectively. An inverse correlation of the quantity of soluble phosphorus content and the pH value of the medium was observed. In addition, Bacillus subtilis BPM12 displayed a prominent capability of producing indole acetic acid. Penicillium oxalicum FJG21 and Penicillium oxalicum FJQ5 exhibited high cellulase activities. These phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms with good phosphate-solubilizing capability and growth-promoting ability are the promising strains for agricultural utilization.

scholarly journals Microbial Responses to the Reduction of Chemical Fertilizers in the Rhizosphere Soil of Flue-Cured Tobacco

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min-Chong Shen ◽  
Yu-Zhen Zhang ◽  
Guo-Dong Bo ◽  
Bin Yang ◽  
Peng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Agricultural Soil ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Beneficial Bacteria ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Agricultural Resources ◽  
Microbial Responses

The overuse of chemical fertilizers has resulted in the degradation of the physicochemical properties and negative changes in the microbial profiles of agricultural soil. These changes have disequilibrated the balance in agricultural ecology, which has resulted in overloaded land with low fertility and planting obstacles. To protect the agricultural soil from the effects of unsustainable fertilization strategies, experiments of the reduction of nitrogen fertilization at 10, 20, and 30% were implemented. In this study, the bacterial responses to the reduction of nitrogen fertilizer were investigated. The bacterial communities of the fertilizer-reducing treatments (D10F, D20F, and D30F) were different from those of the control group (CK). The alpha diversity was significantly increased in D20F compared to that of the CK. The analysis of beta diversity revealed variation of the bacterial communities between fertilizer-reducing treatments and CK, when the clusters of D10F, D20F, and D30F were separated. Chemical fertilizers played dominant roles in changing the bacterial community of D20F. Meanwhile, pH, soil organic matter, and six enzymes (soil sucrase, catalase, polyphenol oxidase, urease, acid phosphatase, and nitrite reductase) were responsible for the variation of the bacterial communities in fertilizer-reducing treatments. Moreover, four of the top 20 genera (unidentified JG30-KF-AS9, JG30-KF-CM45, Streptomyces, and Elsterales) were considered as key bacteria, which contributed to the variation of bacterial communities between fertilizer-reducing treatments and CK. These findings provide a theoretical basis for a fertilizer-reducing strategy in sustainable agriculture, and potentially contribute to the utilization of agricultural resources through screening plant beneficial bacteria from native low-fertility soil.

scholarly journals Metagenomic Insight into the Community Structure and Functional Genes in the Sunflower Rhizosphere Microbiome

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 167
Author(s):  
Temitayo Alawiye ◽  
Olubukola Babalola
Keyword(s):  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Acc Deaminase ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Bulk Soil ◽  
Functional Genes ◽  
Shotgun Metagenomics ◽  
Cold Shock Response ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing ◽  
Selection Of

The rhizosphere’s microbial communities consist of a diverse set of microorganisms that can be beneficial to plants. These beneficial microorganisms are key determinants of plant productivity and health. In this study, we used shotgun metagenomics to explore and characterize the microbiome of the sunflower rhizosphere and bulk soil. The rhizosphere shared features with the bulk soil with dominant phyla such as Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Planctomycetes, and Verrucomicrobia. There was no significant difference in the alpha diversity of the sunflower rhizosphere and bulk soils, though diversity was lower in the rhizosphere, suggesting a selection of microorganisms by sunflower rhizosphere to the bulk soil community. The genes present in the rhizosphere with their corresponding proteins as observed in our study conferred potential plant-beneficial properties such as siderophore production, nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilizing, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase. Furthermore, other genes such as exopolysaccharides-producing, high-temperature stress response, and heat and cold shock response genes, which help withstand environmental stresses were also identified more in the rhizosphere. Of note from our study is the gene phenazine biosynthesis protein, which confers biocontrol. With the current indiscriminate use of pesticides that are considered harmful to the ecosystem, these potential functional genes can be further exploited and used as a biotechnological application for sustainable agriculture.

scholarly journals The Effects of Microbial Inoculants on Bacterial Communities of the Rhizosphere Soil of Maize

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 389
Author(s):  
Minchong Shen ◽  
Jiangang Li ◽  
Yuanhua Dong ◽  
Zhengkun Zhang ◽  
Yu Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Operational Taxonomic Unit ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Microbial Inoculants ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
And Function ◽  
Commercial Inoculants

The bacterial community of rhizosphere soil maintains soil properties, regulates the microbiome, improves productivity, and sustains agriculture. However, the structure and function of bacterial communities have been interrupted or destroyed by unreasonable agricultural practices, especially the excessive use of chemical fertilizers. Microbial inoculants, regarded as harmless, effective, and environmentally friendly amendments, are receiving more attention. Herein, the effects of three microbial inoculants, inoculant M and two commercial inoculants (A and S), on bacterial communities of maize rhizosphere soil under three nitrogen application rates were compared. Bacterial communities treated with the inoculants were different from those of the non-inoculant control. The OTU (operational taxonomic unit) numbers and alpha diversity indices were decreased by three inoculants, except for the application of inoculant M in CF group. Beta diversity showed the different structures of bacterial communities changed by three inoculants compared with control. Furthermore, key phylotypes analyses exhibited the differences of biomarkers between different treatments visually. Overall, inoculant M had shared and unique abilities of regulating bacterial communities compared with the other two inoculants by increasing potentially beneficial bacteria and decreasing the negative. This work provides a theoretical basis for the application of microbial inoculants in sustainable agriculture.

scholarly journals Structure, Diversity, and Composition of Bacterial Communities in Rhizospheric Soil of Coptis chinensis Franch under Continuously Cropped Fields

Diversity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Murtaza Alami ◽  
Jinqi Xue ◽  
Yutao Ma ◽  
Dengyan Zhu ◽  
Zedan Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Principal Coordinate Analysis ◽  
Continuous Cropping ◽  
Coptis Chinensis ◽  
Bacterial Phyla ◽  
Significant Difference

Soil microorganisms are critical factors of plant productivity in terrestrial ecosystems. Coptis chinensis Franch is one of the most important medicinal plants in China. Soil types and cropping systems influence the diversity and composition of the rhizospheric microbial communities. In the current study, we provide detailed information regarding the diversity and composition of the rhizospheric bacterial communities of the C. chinensis plants in continuously cropped fields and fallow fields in two seasons (i.e., winter and summer) using next-generation sequencing. The alpha diversity was higher in the five-year cultivated C. chinensis field (CyS5) and lower in fallow fields (NCS). Significant differences analysis confirmed more biomarkers in the cultivated field soil than in fallow fields. Additionally, the principal coordinate analysis (PcoA) of the beta diversity indices revealed that samples associated with the cultivated fields and fallow fields in different seasons were separated. Besides, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Gemmatimonadetes were the top bacterial phyla. Among these phyla, Proteobacteria were found predominantly and showed a decreasing trend with the continuous cropping of C. chinensis. A phylogenetic investigation of communities by reconstruction of unobserved states (PICRUSt) revealed that the abundance of C and N functional genes had a significant difference between the soil samples from cultivated (CyS1, CyS3, and CyS5) and fallow (NCS) fields in two seasons (winter and summer). The principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) based on UniFrac distances (i.e., unweighted and weighted) revealed the variations in bacterial community structures in the soil samples. This study could provide a reference for solving the increasingly severe cropping obstacles and promote the sustainable development of the C. chinensis industry.

Phosphate Solubilization and Plant Growth Promoting Actinobacteria from Rhizosphere Soil

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Balakrishnan ◽  
J. Thirumalairaj ◽  
M. Radhakrishnan ◽  
V. Gopikrishnan ◽  
R. Balagurunathan
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Phosphate Solubilization ◽  
Control Plant ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing

Background: Phosphorus has been considered as the key element as it is directly involved in most of the life processes including in plants. Soil contains both organic and inorganic forms of phosphorus. Phosphate solubilization is the important property of soil bacteria to develop them as plant growth promoting bacteria in the agricultural field. The present study report the phosphate solubilizing and plant growth promoting properties of selected actinobacteria isolated from rhizosphere soil.Methods: Actinobacterial strains were isolated from rhizosphere soil and screened for in vitro phosphate solubilizing properties using agar plate method. The efficiency of phosphate solubilization and phosphatase activity of isolated actinobacterial strains were tested using Pikovskaya broth. Result: In the present study phosphate solubilization and phosphatase activity of isolated actinobacteria, Streptomyces sp. CTD-2 was comparatively higher in lab conditions. In pot trial experiment strain CTD-2 showed higher growth when compared to the control plant. The chlorophyll content of leaves in the experimental plants were found maximum with actinobacteria strain CTD-2 treated plant. Plant growth measurements such as root length, shoot length, leaf length, total plant growth measurements, quick yield production were also observed. 

scholarly journals Tibetan wild asses (Equus Kiang) were superior to domestic donkeys (Equus Asinus) in terms of the composition and function of gut microbial community

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongjin Liu ◽  
Xinquan Zhao ◽  
Shixiao Xu ◽  
Liang Zhao ◽  
Xueping Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Species Interactions ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Equus Asinus ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Function ◽  
Gut Microbial Community

Abstract Tibetan wild asses (Equus Kiang) are the only wild species of perissodactyls on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, and appears on the International Union for Conversation of Nature (IUCN) 2012 Red List of threatened species. Therefor, understanding the gut microbita composition and function can provide a theoretical for the situ conservation of wild animals in the future. This study analyzed the intestinal microbiota of wild asses and domestic donkeys by high-throughput sequencing of the 16s rDNA regions. No significant difference in alpha diversity was detected between these two groups. Beta diversity showed that the bacterial community structure of wild asses was acutely different from domestic donkeys. At the phylum level, the two dominant phyla of Bacteroidetes and Firmcutes in wild asses were significantly higher than that in domestic donkeys. At the genus level, Ruminococcaceae_NK4A214, Phascolarctobacterium, Coprostanoligenes_group, Lachnospiraceae_XPB1014_group and Akkermansia in wild asses were significantly higher than domestic donkeys. Moreover, statistical comparisons showed that 40 different metabolic pathways exhibited significant differences. Among them, 29 pathways had richer concentrations in wild asses than domestic donkeys, mainly included amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, and energy metabolism. Of note, network analysis showed that wild asses harbored a relatively more complex bacterial network than domestic donkeys, possibly reflecting the specific niche adaption of gut bacterial communities through species interactions. The overall results indicated that wild asses were superior to that of domestic in gut bacteria community composition and function, and wild asses should be more suitable to survive in wild than to be domesticated or captive.

scholarly journals Effect of Dietary Amylose/Amylopectin Ratio on Intestinal Health and Cecal Microbes’ Profiles of Weaned Pigs Undergoing Feed Transition or Challenged With Escherichia coli Lipopolysaccharide

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Can Yang ◽  
Min Wang ◽  
XiaoWu Tang ◽  
HuanSheng Yang ◽  
FengNa Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Isobutyric Acid ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Intestinal Health ◽  
The Third ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Weaning Piglets

BackgroundDietary amylose/amylopectin ratio (DAR) plays an important role in piglets’ intestinal health. It is controversial whether diarrhea could be relieved by changing DAR in weaning piglets.MethodsSixty (Landrace × Yorkshire) castrated male pigs (initial body weight (BW) 6.51 ± 0.64 kg) were randomly allocated to five groups (one pig per cage and 12 replicates per group) according to their BW. Piglets received diets with different DARs (0.00, 0.20, 0.40, 0.60, and 0.80) for 29 days. Feed transition occurs at day 15. The piglets were challenged with lipopolysaccharides (Escherichia coli LPS, 100 μg/kg BW) on day 29 by intraperitoneal injection at 12 h before slaughter. Chyme was collected for pH value, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA), and cecal microbe analysis using 16S rRNA gene sequencing; mucosa was sampled for detecting gene expression.ResultsRate and degree of diarrhea were higher when DAR was 0.40 than when it was 0.20 and 0.80 during the third week (P < 0.05). The chyme pH value in the cecum was higher (P < 0.05) in 0.20 DAR than in 0.00 and 0.80 DARs, but with no significant difference compared with 0.40 and 0.60 DARs (P > 0.05). Cecal isobutyric acid and isovaleric acid concentrations were higher in 0.20 than in other groups (P < 0.01). Cecal SCFAs such as acetic acid, propionic acid, and total SCFA, concentrations were higher in 0.40 DAR than in 0.00, 0.60, and 0.80 DARs (P < 0.05), but with no significant difference when compared with 0.20 (P > 0.05). Cecal crypt depth was lower (P < 0.05) in 0.80 than in other groups, but not 0.40. Claudin mRNA expression in the mucosa of the ileum was higher in 0.20 than in other groups (P < 0.01). The alpha diversity of cecal microbe representative by goods coverage was higher in group 0.40 when compared with group 0.20 (P < 0.05). At the genus level, the abundances of the Ruminococcaceae_NK4A214_group and Anaerotruncus were higher but that of Cetobacterium was lower in the cecal chyme of group 0.20 than that of group 0.60 (P < 0.05), with no significant difference compared with other groups (P > 0.05). The diarrhea rate during the third week was negatively correlated with the abundances of Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group and X.Eubacterium_coprostanoligenes_group (P < 0.05).ConclusionCompared with diet high in amylose or amylopectin, diet with DAR 0.40 showed a worse degree of diarrhea in weaned piglets during feed transition. But the intestinal health will be improved the week after the microbes and metabolites are regulated by DAR.

KEBERADAAN BAKTERI PELARUT FOSFAT DAN AKTIVITAS ENZIM FOSFATASE TANAH DAERAH PERAKARAN TANAMAN OBAT DARI KEBUN RAYA CIBODAS

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suliasih Suliasih
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Soil Sample ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing ◽  
Serratia Rubidaea

A study was undertaken to investigate to occurance of phosphate solubilizing bacteria from rhizosphere soil samples of medicine plants in Cibodas Botanical Garden. 13 soil samples of medicine plants are collected randomly The result shows that 71 isolates of phosphate solubilizing bacteria were isolated, and 10 species of these organism was identified as Azotobacter sp, Bacillus sp, Chromobacterium sp, C.violaceum, Citrobacter sp. , Enterobacter sp., E. liquefaciens. Nitrosomonas sp., Serratia rubidaea, Sphaerotillus natans. Azotobacter sp. And Bacillus sp. Are found in all of soil tested. Conversely, Serratia rubidaea is only in the sample from rhizosphere of Plantago mayor The activity of acid alkaline phosphatase in soil tested ranged from 0.78 – 60,18 ugp nitrophenole/g/h, with the higest values being recorded in soil sample from rhizosphere of “Lavender”.Keywords : phosphate solubilizing bacteria, soil enzyme phosphatase

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