scholarly journals Role of Pediococcus Acidilactici J9 in Decreasing the Occurrence of Gastritis Caused by H.pylori Infection and Two-week Repeated-dose Oral Toxicity Study in Mice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mijung Lee ◽  
Jin-Young Chung ◽  
Ka Yeun Kim ◽  
Wooseok Im ◽  
Manho Kim
Keyword(s):  
Dose Group ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Dosage Level ◽  
Repeated Dose ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Pediococcus Acidilactici ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Gastric Cancer Cells ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Mice

Abstract BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is an important pathogen that causes chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer, and is related to the development of gastric carcinoma. Several chemicals, including antibiotics, have been used to eradicate H.pylori. However, more studies are yet requred to accomplish a sufficient therapy. Pediococcus acidilactici J9 were studied for inhibition of binding of H.pylori binding to human gastric cell lines. This study was performed in order to investigate the repeated-dose toxicity of Pediococcus acidilactici J9 in male and female mice.RESULTS C57BL/6 male and female Mus musculus were divided into four groups (n = 10 in each group). Pediococcus acidilactici J9 was administered daily by oral injection of vehicle control at dosage levels to a low-dose group (500 mg/kg/day), middle-dose group (1000 mg/kg/day), and high-dose group (2000 mg/kg/day) for two weeks. After 14 days of exposure, the blood biochemistry and hematology were investigated, along with a histopathology exam. There were no bacterial-related deaths or abnormal clinical signs in either gender of mouse. The data was observed during the period in terms of body weight, food, intake, and water consumption. Also, no alterations in organ weights upon administration of Pediococcus acidilactici J9 alone were observed.CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the oral application of Pediococcus acidilactici J9, up to a dosage level of 2,000 mg/kg/day, causes no adverse effects in both male and female mice. Pediococcus acidilactici J9 inhibits the adhesion of H.pylori to AGS gastric cancer cells. When used as probiotics, Pediococcus acidilactici J9 may help decrease the occurrence of gastritis and reduce the risk of H.pylori infection with promising safety issues.

scholarly journals Role of Pediococcus acidilactici J9 in Decreasing the Occurrence of Gastritis Caused by H.pylori Infection and Two-week Repeated-dose Oral Toxicity Study in Mice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mijung Lee ◽  
Jin-Young Chung ◽  
Ka Yeun Kim ◽  
Wooseok Im ◽  
Manho Kim
Keyword(s):  
Dose Group ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Dosage Level ◽  
Repeated Dose ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Pediococcus Acidilactici ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Gastric Cancer Cells ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Mice

Abstract Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is an important pathogen that causes chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer, and is related to the development of gastric carcinoma. Several chemicals, including antibiotics, have been used to eradicate H.pylori. However, more studies are yet requred to accomplish a sufficient therapy. Pediococcus acidilactici J9 were studied for inhibition of binding of H.pylori binding to human gastric cell lines. This study was performed in order to investigate the repeated-dose toxicity of Pediococcus acidilactici J9 in male and female mice.Results: C57BL/6 male and female Mus musculus were divided into four groups (n = 10 in each group). Pediococcus acidilactici J9 was administered daily by oral injection of vehicle control at dosage levels to a low-dose group (500mg/kg/day), middle-dose group (1000mg/kg/day), and high-dose group (2000mg/kg/day) for two weeks. After 14 days of exposure, the blood biochemistry and hematology were investigated, along with a histopathology exam. There were no bacterial-related deaths or abnormal clinical signs in either gender of mouse. The data was observed during the period in terms of body weight, food, intake, and water consumption. Also, no alterations in organ weights upon administration of Pediococcus acidilactici J9 alone were observed.Conclusions: These results suggest that the oral application of Pediococcus acidilactici J9, up to a dosage level of 2,000 mg/kg/day, causes no adverse effects in both male and female mice. Pediococcus acidilactici J9 inhibits the adhesion of H.pylori to AGS gastric cancer cells. When used as probiotics, Pediococcus acidilactici J9 may help decrease the occurrence of gastritis and reduce the risk of H.pylori infection with promising safety issues.

scholarly journals Two-weeks repeated-dose oral toxicity study of Pediococcus acidilactici J9 in a mice model

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mijung Lee ◽  
Jin-Young Chung ◽  
Ka Yeun Kim ◽  
Wooseok Im ◽  
Manho Kim
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Dose Group ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Repeated Dose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Pediococcus Acidilactici ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Mice ◽  
H Pylori

Abstract Background Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is an important pathogen that causes chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer, and is related to the development of gastric carcinoma. Several chemicals, including antibiotics, have been used to eradicate H.pylori. However, more studies are yet requred to accomplish a sufficient therapy. Pediococcus acidilactici (P. acidilactici) J9 were studied for inhibition of binding of H.pylori binding to human gastric cell lines. This study was performed in order to investigate the repeated-dose toxicity of P. acidilactici J9 in male and female mice. Results C57BL/6 male and female Mus musculus were divided into four groups (n = 10 in each group). P. acidilactici J9 was administered daily by oral injection of vehicle control at dosage levels to a low-dose group (500 mg/kg/day), middle-dose group (1000 mg/kg/day), and high-dose group (2000 mg/kg/day) for 2 weeks. After 14 days of exposure, the blood biochemistry and hematology were investigated, along with a histopathology exam. There were no bacterial-related deaths or abnormal clinical signs in either gender of mouse. The data was observed during the period in terms of body weight, food intake, and water consumption. Also, no alterations in organ weights upon administration of P. acidilactici J9 alone were observed. The adhesion and growth of H. pylori were inhibited by a 24 h treatment of H. pylori and P. acidilactici J9 on adenocarcinoma gastric (AGS) cells, which are gastric cancer cells. Compared to the control group (AGS cell and H. pylori), the number of H. pylori analyzed by FACS significantly (p < 0.01) decreased after incubation of AGS cell with P. acidilactici J9 for 24 h. Conclusions These results suggest that the oral application of P. acidilactici J9, up to a dosage level of 2000 mg/kg/day, causes no adverse effects in both male and female mice. P. acidilactici J9 inhibits the adhesion of H.pylori to AGS cancer cells. When used as probiotics, P. acidilactici J9 may help decrease the occurrence of gastritis and reduce the risk of H.pylori infection with promising safety issues.

Subacute and Subchronic Oral Toxicity of p-Chlorotoluene in the Rat

1990 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 487-495
Author(s):  
James B. Terrill ◽  
Merrel Robinson ◽  
Gary W. Wolfe ◽  
Leonard H. Billups
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Dose Group ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
High Dose Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Oral Toxicity

p-Chlorotoluene was administered by corn oil gavage for 14 and 90 days to male and female Sprague-Dawley-derived rats at dosages of 200, 600, and 1800 mg/kg per day and 50, 200, and 800 mg/kg per day, respectively. In the 14-day study, 8 of 10 animals of each sex in the high-dose group died due to treatment. Other treatment-related signs for these animals included an adverse effect upon body weight and clinical signs of salivation, tremors, and prostration. In the 200 and 600 mg/kg per day groups there were no apparent treatment-related effects. In the 90-day study, 4 of 10 males and 2 of 10 females in the high-dose group died due to treatment. Other signs for this treatment group included an adverse effect upon body weight and clinical signs of languid behavior, prostration, tremors, sensitivity to touch, epistaxis, and respiratory distress. Increases in alkaline phosphatase and creatinine (males only), and increases in adrenal (absolute and relative, females), kidney (relative, both sexes), and liver (relative, both sexes) weights were also noted. Histopathologic findings of centrilobular hepatocellular hypertrophy, adrenal cortical hyperplasia, and exacerbation of chronic progressive nephropathy confirmed the clinical laboratory and organ weight results as being treatment related for the animals receiving 800 mg/kg per day for 90 days. Animals receiving 50 or 200 mg/kg per day (90 days) did not exhibit treatment-related findings.

A subchronic oral toxicity study on medical herb extract, KIOM CRC#BP10A, in male and female mice

Planta Medica ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 81 (16) ◽  
Author(s):  
ES Cho ◽  
YJ Lee ◽  
JS Park ◽  
J Kim ◽  
NS Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Mice ◽  
Subchronic Oral Toxicity Study ◽  
Herb Extract

Intensive Initial Oral Anticoagulation and Shorter Heparin Treatment in Deep Vein Thrombosis

1984 ◽  
Vol 52 (03) ◽  
pp. 276-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam Schulman ◽  
Dieter Lockner ◽  
Kurt Bergström ◽  
Margareta Blombäck
Keyword(s):  
Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Oral Anticoagulation ◽  
Dose Group ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Coagulation Factor ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Heparin Treatment ◽  
Deep Vein

SummaryIn order to investigate whether a more intensive initial oral anticoagulation still would be safe and effective, we performed a prospective randomized study in patients with deep vein thrombosis. They received either the conventional regimen of oral anticoagulation (“low-dose”) and heparin or a more intense oral anticoagulation (“high-dose”) with a shorter period of heparin treatment.In the first part of the study 129 patients were randomized. The “low-dose” group reached a stable therapeutic prothrombin complex (PT)-level after 4.3 and the “high-dose” group after 3.3 days. Heparin was discontinued after 6.0 and 5.0 days respectively. There was no difference in significant hemorrhage between the groups, and no clinical signs of progression of the thrombosis.In the second part of the study another 40 patients were randomized, followed with coagulation factor II, VII, IX and X and with repeated venograms. A stable therapeutic PT-level was achieved after 4.4 (“low-dose”) and 3.7 (“high-dose”) days, and heparin was discontinued after 5.4 and 4.4 days respectively. There were no clinical hemorrhages, the activity of the coagulation factors had dropped to the same level in both groups at the time when heparin was discontinued and no thromboembolic complications occurred.Our oral anticoagulation regimen with heparin treatment for an average of 4.4-5 days seems safe and reduces in-patient costs.

Mesovarial Leiomyomas in Rats in a Chronic Toxicity Study of Soterenol Hydrochloride

1971 ◽  
Vol 8 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 452-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. W. Nelson ◽  
W. A. Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Adrenergic Receptors ◽  
Dose Group ◽  
Chronic Toxicity ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Ovarian Cysts ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Β Adrenergic Receptors

In an 18-month oral toxicity study of soterenol hydrochloride, a stimulant of the β-adrenergic receptors, mesovarial leiomyomas were observed in three of 30 low-dose, six of 30 middle-dose and 10 of 30 high-dose rats. There was also an increase in the prevalence of ovarian cysts and of focal hyperplasia of smooth muscle in the mesovaria in the treated rats, especially in the high-dose group.

scholarly journals Thirteen-Week Oral Toxicity Study of HVC1 in Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Kyungjin Lee ◽  
Ho-Young Choi
Keyword(s):  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Blood Biochemical

Studies on the safety of herbal medicine are essential for the development of new drugs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the no-observed-adverse-effect-level (NOAEL) of HVC1 (Gamisamhwangsasim-tang, a 30% ethanol extract of a mixture of Pruni Cortex, Scutellariae Radix, Coptidis Rhizoma, and Rhei Rhizoma) and identify its target organs after oral administration to Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats repeatedly for 13 weeks. Three test groups were treated with HVC1 at a dose of either 500 (low-dose), 1,000 (middle-dose), or 2,000 (high-dose) mg/kg/day. Another group received high-dose HVC1 and was observed for 4 weeks following treatment to examine recovery from the effects of the extract. All treatment groups were compared to a vehicle control group. During the study, mortality, clinical signs, body weight changes, food consumption, abnormal lesions in the eye, urinary parameters, hematological parameters, blood coagulation time, blood biochemical parameters, changes in organ weight, gross findings, and histopathological changes were examined. No systemic toxicity related to HVC1 was observed in any group, and it was concluded that the NOAEL of HVC1 was 2,000 mg/kg/day. No target organ was identified.

scholarly journals Toxicological Investigations of Aristolochia longa Root Extracts

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Nasreddine El Omari ◽  
Omar El Blidi ◽  
Abdelhakim Bouyahya ◽  
Karima Sayah ◽  
Saad Bakrim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Global Analysis ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Herbaceous Plant ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Toxicity Potential ◽  
Liver And Kidney

Aristolochia longa L. (Aristolochiaceae) is an herbaceous plant recognized in alternative medicine for its many therapeutic virtues. The aim of this study was to determine the pharmacotoxicological effects of this plant in order to ensure safe clinical use. The oral toxicity of the aqueous extract of A. longa roots was performed in vivo on Wistar rats at doses of 0.8, 1.25, 2, 2.5, and 5 g/kg/day for 21 days. Clinical signs were observed throughout the experimental period, followed by measurement of body weight change, while selected biochemical parameters, as well as relative organ weights and the histology of liver, kidney, and intestinal tissues, were evaluated after 6, 11, and 16 days and then at the end of 21 days of daily administration. At repeated doses for 21 days, the extract contributed to significant weight gain, in both control and treated rats. The global analysis of hepatic and renal biomarkers showed a significant increase between control and different doses of the extract, from the first to the third week of treatment, indicating the likely toxic effect of the extract on liver and kidney function. Organ toxicity was confirmed by histopathological examination, which revealed greater renal and hepatic parenchymal changes in animals treated with a high dose beyond the 16th day. At the end of the treatment, relatively small size of intestinal villi was also observed. It was concluded that ALAE has a low toxicity potential in nonprolonged oral administrations. However, at high chronic oral doses, A. longa appears to have significant toxicity on the organs tested.

scholarly journals Impact of Multi-metal Mixture Administration Through Drinking Water on the Gut Bacterial Microflora and Oxidative Stress Parameters in Male and Female Mice

2022 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Priyanka Bist ◽  
◽  
Sangeeta Choudhary ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Metal Mixture ◽  
Female Mice ◽  
Multiple Heavy Metals

Background: Heavy metal containing wastes reaches to the food chain either directly or indirectly. These ingested toxic elements manifest direct impact on the gut ecosystem and its overall functioning. The present study explores the alteration in mice gut bacteria on exposure to mixture of toxic heavy metals through drinking water. Methods: Twelve experimental groups of Swiss albino male and female mice were exposed to the metal mixture of varying concentrations. Profiling of gut bacterial flora was done by periodical collection of fecal samples via culture-based technique. Redox status of all experimental animals was analyzed in blood samples collected on the day 30. Results: In comparison to the controls, nearly a 10-fold decline in colony forming units/ml was observed at higher modal concentrations (50× & 100×) at the end of 15 days, but 100-fold reduced bacterial count was recorded following 30 days of dosing. Sex specific significant alteration in the bacteria count and diversity was also observed. Overall experimental results showed a heavy metal dose-dependent decline in bacterial count and loss in diversity. Disturbance in the oxidative stress markers was recorded in response to high dose of metal mixture. In group receiving 100× dose, malondialdehyde levels were increased in the erythrocytes (P<0.05), and all of the other antioxidant parameters were decreased (P<0.05), except for reduced glutathione in both male and female mice. Conclusion: The present work is the first report on the multiple heavy metals induced gut microbiota alterations and its correlation to oxidative stress.

scholarly journals 90-Days Repeated Dose Oral Toxicity Study of Sharbat-e-Deenar (A Hepatoprotective Unani Herbal Formulation)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gulam Mohammed Husain ◽  
Tasleem Ahmad ◽  
Syeda Hajra Fatima ◽  
Ghazala Javed ◽  
Munawwar Husain Kazmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Clinical Sign ◽  
Equivalent Dose ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Repeated Dose ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Dose Oral

Sharbat-e-Deenar (SDR) is a compound Unani pharmacopoeial formulation recommended for the treatment of Waram-e-Kabid (hepatitis), Waram-e-Rahem (uterine inflammation/ Pelvic Inflammatory Diseases), Yarqan-e-Suddi (obstructive jaundice), and Istisqa (ascites). The current study was carried out to investigate repeated dose oral toxicity study of SDR for 90 days in Sprague dawley (SD) rats. SDR was orally administered (gavage) at the doses of 4, 10 and 20 mL/kg bw/day. A periodic observation was performed for mortality, morbidity and any clinical sign of toxicity. Changes in body weight and feed consumption were observed weekly throughout study duration. After the treatment duration of three months, animals were anaesthetized and blood samples were subjected to haematological investigation and serum was subjected to different biochemical estimation. Gross necropsy was performed and internal organs/ tissues were processed for histopathological investigation. Treatment with SDR showed no incidence of mortality and no clinical sign of systemic toxicity. Body weight showed pattern of weight gain except significance decrease at mid and high dose at 13th week of study duration. Feed consumption exhibited a significant decrease as compare to control. Haematology and biochemistry profile found normal except certain isolated changes which was considered toxicologically not significant as the values lies in the normal physiological range. There were no changes observed in the gross necropsy and relative organ weight data of control and SDR treated rats. It is reported that few of the animals showed changes in liver at mid (2.5 times of therapeutic equivalent dose) and high dose (5 times of therapeutic equivalent dose) in SDR treated animals that may be attributed to SDR treatment, however, associated liver function parameters like ALT, AST and ALP did not show any alteration of liver function. Based on the results of this study, it may be indicated that liver may be the target organ for toxicity if SDR is used above recommended therapeutic dose for longer duration.

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