scholarly journals Genome-wide small RNA profiling reveals tiller development in tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Hu ◽  
Tao Wang ◽  
Huiying Li ◽  
Misganaw Wassie ◽  
Huawei Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Rate ◽  
Small Rna ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Rna Profiling ◽  
Mirna Genes ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
A Genome

Abstract Background: Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) is a major cool-season forage and turfgrass species. The low tiller density and size dramatically limits its turf performance and forage yield. MicroRNAs (miRNA)-genes modules play critical roles in tiller development in plants. In this study, a genome-wide small RNA profiling was carried out in two tall fescue genotypes contrasting for tillering production (‘Ch-3’, high tiller production rate and ‘Ch-5’, low tiller production rate) and two types of tissue samples at different tillering development stage (Pre-tillering, grass before tillering; Tillering, grass after tillering). ‘Ch-3’, ‘Ch-5’, Pre-tillering, and Tillering samples were analyzed using high-throughput RNA sequencing. Results: A total of 222 million high-quality clean reads were generated and 208 miRNAs were discovered, including 148 known miRNAs belonging to 70 families and 60 novel ones. Furthermore, 18 miRNAs were involved in tall fescue tiller development process. Among them, 14 miRNAs displayed increased abundance in both Ch-3 and Tillering plants compared with that in Ch-5 and Pre-tillering plants and were positive with tillering, while another four miRNAs were negative with tiller development. Out of the three miRNAs osa-miR156a, zma-miR528a-3p and osa-miR444b.2, the rest of 15 miRNAs were newfound and associated with tiller development in plants. Based on our previous full-length transcriptome analysis in tall fescue, 2 8927 potential target genes were discovered for all identified miRNAs. Most of the 212 target genes of the 18 miRNAs were dominantly enriched into “ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis”, “phagosome”, “fatty acid biosynthesis”, “oxidative phosphorylation”, and “biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids” KEGG pathways. In addition, bdi-miR167e-3p targets two kinase proteins EIF2AK4 and IRAK4, and osa-miR397a targets auxin response factor 5, which may be the significant miRNA-genes controllers in tillering development. Conclusions: This is the first genome-wide miRNA profiles analysis to identify regulators involved in tiller development in cool-season turfgrass. Tillering related 18 miRNAs and their 212 target genes provide novel information for the understanding of the molecular mechanisms of miRNA-genes mediated tiller development in cool-season turfgrass.

scholarly journals Genome-wide Small Rna Profiling Reveals Tiller Development in Tall Fescue (Festuca Arundinacea Schreb.)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Hu ◽  
Tao Wang ◽  
Huiying Li ◽  
Misganaw Wassie ◽  
Liang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Production Rate ◽  
Small Rna ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Rna Profiling ◽  
Mirna Genes ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
A Genome

Abstract Background: Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) is a major cool-season forage and turfgrass species. The low tiller density and size dramatically limits its turf performance and forage yield. MicroRNAs (miRNA)-genes modules play critical roles in tiller development in plants. In this study, a genome-wide small RNA profiling was carried out in two tall fescue genotypes contrasting for tillering production (‘Ch-3’, high tiller production rate and ‘Ch-5’, low tiller production rate) andtwo types of tissue samples at different tillering development stage (Pre-tillering, grass before tillering; Tillering, grass after tillering). ‘Ch-3’, ‘Ch-5’, Pre-tillering, and Tillering samples were analyzed using high-throughput RNA sequencing.Results: A total of 222 million high-quality clean reads were generated and 208 miRNAs were discovered, including 148 known miRNAs belonging to 70 families and 60 novel ones. Furthermore, 18 miRNAs were involved in tall fescue tiller development process. Among them, 14 miRNAs displayed increased abundance in both Ch-3 and Tillering plants compared with that in Ch-5 and Pre-tillering plants and were positive with tillering, while another four miRNAs were negative with tiller development. Out ofthe three miRNAs osa-miR156a, zma-miR528a-3p and osa-miR444b.2, the rest of 15 miRNAs were newfound controllers mediating tiller development in plants. Based on our previous full-length transcriptome analysis in tall fescue, 2 8927 potential target genes were discoveredfor all identified miRNAs. Most of the 212 target genes of the 18 miRNAs were dominantly enriched into “ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis”, “phagosome”, “fatty acid biosynthesis”, “oxidative phosphorylation”, and “biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids” KEGG pathways.Conclusions: This is the first genome-wide miRNA profiles analysis to identifyregulators involved in tiller development in cool-season turfgrass. Tillering related 18 miRNAs and their 212 target genes provide novel information for the understanding of the molecular mechanisms of miRNA-genes mediated tiller development in cool-season turfgrass.

scholarly journals Genome-wide small RNA profiling reveals tiller development in tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb)

BMC Genomics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Hu ◽  
Tao Wang ◽  
Huiying Li ◽  
Misganaw Wassie ◽  
Huawei Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Rate ◽  
Small Rna ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Rna Profiling ◽  
Mirna Genes ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
A Genome

Abstract Background Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) is a major cool-season forage and turfgrass species. The low tiller density and size dramatically limits its turf performance and forage yield. MicroRNAs (miRNA)-genes modules play critical roles in tiller development in plants. In this study, a genome-wide small RNA profiling was carried out in two tall fescue genotypes contrasting for tillering production (‘Ch-3’, high tiller production rate and ‘Ch-5’, low tiller production rate) and two types of tissue samples at different tillering development stage (Pre-tillering, grass before tillering; Tillering, grass after tillering). ‘Ch-3’, ‘Ch-5’, Pre-tillering, and Tillering samples were analyzed using high-throughput RNA sequencing. Results A total of 222 million high-quality clean reads were generated and 208 miRNAs were discovered, including 148 known miRNAs belonging to 70 families and 60 novel ones. Furthermore, 18 miRNAs were involved in tall fescue tiller development process. Among them, 14 miRNAs displayed increased abundance in both Ch-3 and Tillering plants compared with that in Ch-5 and Pre-tillering plants and were positive with tillering, while another four miRNAs were negative with tiller development. Out of the three miRNAs osa-miR156a, zma-miR528a-3p and osa-miR444b.2, the rest of 15 miRNAs were newfound and associated with tiller development in plants. Based on our previous full-length transcriptome analysis in tall fescue, 28,927 potential target genes were discovered for all identified miRNAs. Most of the 212 target genes of the 18 miRNAs were dominantly enriched into “ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis”, “phagosome”, “fatty acid biosynthesis”, “oxidative phosphorylation”, and “biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids” KEGG pathways. In addition, bdi-miR167e-3p targets two kinase proteins EIF2AK4 and IRAK4, and osa-miR397a targets auxin response factor 5, which may be the significant miRNA-genes controllers in tillering development. Conclusions This is the first genome-wide miRNA profiles analysis to identify regulators involved in tiller development in cool-season turfgrass. Tillering related 18 miRNAs and their 212 target genes provide novel information for the understanding of the molecular mechanisms of miRNA-genes mediated tiller development in cool-season turfgrass.

scholarly journals The mutL Gene as a Genome-Wide Taxonomic Marker for High Resolution Discrimination of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Its Closely Related Taxa

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1570
Author(s):  
Chien-Hsun Huang ◽  
Chih-Chieh Chen ◽  
Yu-Chun Lin ◽  
Chia-Hsuan Chen ◽  
Ai-Yun Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Marker Genes ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Discrimination Power ◽  
Sequence Identity ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
A Genome

The current taxonomy of the Lactiplantibacillus plantarum group comprises of 17 closely related species that are indistinguishable from each other by using commonly used 16S rRNA gene sequencing. In this study, a whole-genome-based analysis was carried out for exploring the highly distinguished target genes whose interspecific sequence identity is significantly less than those of 16S rRNA or conventional housekeeping genes. In silico analyses of 774 core genes by the cano-wgMLST_BacCompare analytics platform indicated that csbB, morA, murI, mutL, ntpJ, rutB, trmK, ydaF, and yhhX genes were the most promising candidates. Subsequently, the mutL gene was selected, and the discrimination power was further evaluated using Sanger sequencing. Among the type strains, mutL exhibited a clearly superior sequence identity (61.6–85.6%; average: 66.6%) to the 16S rRNA gene (96.7–100%; average: 98.4%) and the conventional phylogenetic marker genes (e.g., dnaJ, dnaK, pheS, recA, and rpoA), respectively, which could be used to separat tested strains into various species clusters. Consequently, species-specific primers were developed for fast and accurate identification of L. pentosus, L. argentoratensis, L. plantarum, and L. paraplantarum. During this study, one strain (BCRC 06B0048, L. pentosus) exhibited not only relatively low mutL sequence identities (97.0%) but also a low digital DNA–DNA hybridization value (78.1%) with the type strain DSM 20314T, signifying that it exhibits potential for reclassification as a novel subspecies. Our data demonstrate that mutL can be a genome-wide target for identifying and classifying the L. plantarum group species and for differentiating novel taxa from known species.

Drosophila Gain-of-Function Mutant RTK Torso Triggers Ectopic Dpp and STAT Signaling

Genetics ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 164 (1) ◽  
pp. 247-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinghong Li ◽  
Willis X Li
Keyword(s):  
Tyrosine Kinases ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Tor Signaling ◽  
Gain Of Function ◽  
Essential Requirement ◽  
Downstream Target ◽  
Rtk Signaling ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Genomic Regions

Abstract Overactivation of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) has been linked to tumorigenesis. To understand how a hyperactivated RTK functions differently from wild-type RTK, we conducted a genome-wide systematic survey for genes that are required for signaling by a gain-of-function mutant Drosophila RTK Torso (Tor). We screened chromosomal deficiencies for suppression of a gain-of-function mutation tor (torGOF), which led to the identification of 26 genomic regions that, when in half dosage, suppressed the defects caused by torGOF. Testing of candidate genes in these regions revealed many genes known to be involved in Tor signaling (such as those encoding the Ras-MAPK cassette, adaptor and structural molecules of RTK signaling, and downstream target genes of Tor), confirming the specificity of this genetic screen. Importantly, this screen also identified components of the TGFβ (Dpp) and JAK/STAT pathways as being required for TorGOF signaling. Specifically, we found that reducing the dosage of thickveins (tkv), Mothers against dpp (Mad), or STAT92E (aka marelle), respectively, suppressed torGOF phenotypes. Furthermore, we demonstrate that in torGOF embryos, dpp is ectopically expressed and thus may contribute to the patterning defects. These results demonstrate an essential requirement of noncanonical signaling pathways for a persistently activated RTK to cause pathological defects in an organism.

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Analysis of Glucocorticoid-Responsive Transcripts in the Hypothalamic Paraventricular Region of Male Rats

Endocrinology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 160 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keiichi Itoi ◽  
Ikuko Motoike ◽  
Ying Liu ◽  
Sam Clokie ◽  
Yasumasa Iwasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Reverse Transcription Pcr ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
A Genome

Abstract Glucocorticoids (GCs) are essential for stress adaptation, acting centrally and in the periphery. Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), a major regulator of adrenal GC synthesis, is produced in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVH), which contains multiple neuroendocrine and preautonomic neurons. GCs may be involved in diverse regulatory mechanisms in the PVH, but the target genes of GCs are largely unexplored except for the CRF gene (Crh), a well-known target for GC negative feedback. Using a genome-wide RNA-sequencing analysis, we identified transcripts that changed in response to either high-dose corticosterone (Cort) exposure for 12 days (12-day high Cort), corticoid deprivation for 7 days (7-day ADX), or acute Cort administration. Among others, canonical GC target genes were upregulated prominently by 12-day high Cort. Crh was upregulated or downregulated most prominently by either 7-day ADX or 12-day high Cort, emphasizing the recognized feedback effects of GC on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Concomitant changes in vasopressin and apelin receptor gene expression are likely to contribute to HPA repression. In keeping with the pleotropic cellular actions of GCs, 7-day ADX downregulated numerous genes of a broad functional spectrum. The transcriptome response signature differed markedly between acute Cort injection and 12-day high Cort. Remarkably, six immediate early genes were upregulated 1 hour after Cort injection, which was confirmed by quantitative reverse transcription PCR and semiquantitative in situ hybridization. This study may provide a useful database for studying the regulatory mechanisms of GC-dependent gene expression and repression in the PVH.

scholarly journals A Genome-Wide Identification of the WRKY Family Genes and a Survey of Potential WRKY Target Genes in Dendrobium officinale

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunmei He ◽  
Jaime A. Teixeira da Silva ◽  
Jianwen Tan ◽  
Jianxia Zhang ◽  
Xiaoping Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Target Genes ◽  
Dendrobium Officinale ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
A Genome

scholarly journals Predicting context specific enhancer-promoter interactions from ChIP-Seq time course data

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Dzida ◽  
Mudassar Iqbal ◽  
Iryna Charapitsa ◽  
George Reid ◽  
Henk Stunnenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Estrogen Receptor Alpha ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Mcf7 Cells ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Machine Learning Approach ◽  
Protein Occupancy ◽  
Context Specific ◽  
Over Time

We have developed a machine learning approach to predict context specific enhancer-promoter interactions using evidence from changes in genomic protein occupancy over time. The occupancy of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), RNA polymerase (Pol II) and histone marks H2AZ and H3K4me3 were measured over time using ChIP-Seq experiments in MCF7 cells stimulated with estrogen. A Bayesian classifier was developed which uses the correlation of temporal binding patterns at enhancers and promoters and genomic proximity as features to predict interactions. This method was trained using experimentally determined interactions from the same system and was shown to achieve much higher precision than predictions based on the genomic proximity of nearest ERα binding. We use the method to identify a genome-wide confident set of ERα target genes and their regulatory enhancers genome-wide. Validation with publicly available GRO-Seq data demonstrates that our predicted targets are much more likely to show early nascent transcription than predictions based on genomic ERα binding proximity alone.

scholarly journals Research Advances on Tall Fescue Salt Tolerance: From Root Signaling to Molecular and Metabolic Adjustment

2017 ◽  
Vol 142 (5) ◽  
pp. 337-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erick Amombo ◽  
Huiying Li ◽  
Jinmin Fu
Keyword(s):  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Adaptive Responses ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Abiotic Stress Factors ◽  
Metabolic Adjustment

Soil salinity is one of the major abiotic stress factors that constrain plant growth and limit crop productivity. About a quarter of the global land area is affected by salinity; therefore, there is increased need to develop salt-tolerant crops. Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) is one of the most important cool-season turfgrasses, which has medium tolerance to salinity and has a promising potential to be used as a turfgrass under saline conditions. However, up to now, the maximum use of tall fescue under salinity stress is still limited by inadequate scientific literature. Recent studies have attempted to identify various adaptive responses to salinity stress at molecular, cellular, metabolic, and physiological levels in tall fescue. The successful integration of information concerning signal sensing, molecular tools with recent advances in -omics would certainly provide a clue for creating salt-tolerant tall fescue. Because salinity limits water availability to plants via hindering water absorption, and by inducing physiological drought, here we review and propose a probable mechanism of tall fescue response to salinity stress and to similar effects induced by drought based on published literature.

Analysis of MicroRNA Transcriptomes Insights into the miR-148a-3p Inducer of Rumen Development in Goats

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Zhong ◽  
Cheng Wang ◽  
Jiangtao Hu ◽  
Xiaoyong Chen ◽  
Lili Niu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Genetic Regulation ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Regulation Mechanism ◽  
Ras Signaling ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Differentially Expressed Mirnas ◽  
And Function

Abstract Background: Rumen is an important digestive organ of ruminant. From fetal to adult stage, the morphology, structure and function of rumen have changed significantly. But the intrinsic genetic regulation is still limited. We previously reported a genome-wide expression profile of miRNAs in prenatal goat rumens. In the present study, we rejoined analyzed the transcriptomes of rumen miRNAs during prenatal (E60 and E135) and postnatal (D30 and D150) stages.Results: A total of 66 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) were identified in the rumen tissues from D30 and D150 goats. Of these, 17 DEMs were consistently highly expressed in the rumens at the preweaning stages (E60, E135 and D30), while down-regulated at D150. Noteworthy, annotation analysis revealed that the target genes regulated by the DEMs were mainly enriched in MAPK signaling pathway, Jak-STAT signaling pathway and Ras signaling pathway. Interestingly, the expression of miR-148a-3p was significantly high in the embryonic stage and down-regulated at D150. The potential binding sites between miR-148a-3p and QKI were predicted by the TargetScan and verified by the dual luciferase report assay. The co-localization of miR-148a-3p and QKI was observed not in intestinal tracts but in rumen tissues by in situ hybridization. Moreover, the expression of miR-148a-3p in the epithelium was significantly higher than that in the other layers, suggesting that miR-148a-3p involve in the development of rumen epithelial cells by targeting QKI. Subsequently, miR-148a-3p inhibitor was found to induce the proliferation of GES-1 cells.Conclusions: Taken together, these results identified the DEMs involved in the development of rumen and provided an insight into the regulation mechanism of goat rumens during development.

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Identification of Long Non-coding RNA in Trifoliate Orange (Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf) Leaves in Response to Boron Deficiency

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (21) ◽  
pp. 5419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gao-Feng Zhou ◽  
Li-Ping Zhang ◽  
Bi-Xian Li ◽  
Ou Sheng ◽  
Qing-Jiang Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Plant Hormones ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Poncirus Trifoliata ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Boron Deficiency ◽  
Trifoliate Orange ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
A Genome

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in plant growth and stress responses. As a dominant abiotic stress factor in soil, boron (B) deficiency stress has impacted the growth and development of citrus in the red soil region of southern China. In the present work, we performed a genome-wide identification and characterization of lncRNAs in response to B deficiency stress in the leaves of trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata), an important rootstock of citrus. A total of 2101 unique lncRNAs and 24,534 mRNAs were predicted. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) experiments were performed for a total of 16 random mRNAs and lncRNAs to validate their existence and expression patterns. Expression profiling of the leaves of trifoliate orange under B deficiency stress identified 729 up-regulated and 721 down-regulated lncRNAs, and 8419 up-regulated and 8395 down-regulated mRNAs. Further analysis showed that a total of 84 differentially expressed lncRNAs (DELs) were up-regulated and 31 were down-regulated, where the number of up-regulated DELs was 2.71-fold that of down-regulated. A similar trend was also observed in differentially expressed mRNAs (DEMs, 4.21-fold). Functional annotation of these DEMs was performed using Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses, and the results demonstrated an enrichment of the categories of the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites (including phenylpropanoid biosynthesis/lignin biosynthesis), plant hormone signal transduction and the calcium signaling pathway. LncRNA target gene enrichment identified several target genes that were involved in plant hormones, and the expression of lncRNAs and their target genes was significantly influenced. Therefore, our results suggest that lncRNAs can regulate the metabolism and signal transduction of plant hormones, which play an important role in the responses of citrus plants to B deficiency stress. Co-expression network analysis indicated that 468 significantly differentially expressed genes may be potential targets of 90 lncRNAs, and a total of 838 matched lncRNA-mRNA pairs were identified. In summary, our data provides a rich resource of candidate lncRNAs and mRNAs, as well as their related pathways, thereby improving our understanding of the role of lncRNAs in response to B deficiency stress, and in symptom formation caused by B deficiency in the leaves of trifoliate orange.

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