scholarly journals The BMMSCs Derived From Juvenile Macaques Have the Ability to Promote Thymus Regeneration in Aged Macaques

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan-ying WANG ◽  
Gao-hong ZHU ◽  
Gong-hua LI ◽  
Qing-peng KONG ◽  
LV Long-bao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
Gene Transcription ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Thymus Tissue ◽  
Thymus Atrophy ◽  
Thymus Regeneration

Abstract BackgroundThe thymus gland is an important central immune organ in the human body and plays an indispensable role in the immune system. Aging thymic atrophy is critical factors leading to immune function decline and senile debilitation in aged people. Immune function decline is one of the important mechanisms of aging. Some research reports indicated that Stem cell therapy have the ability to promote tissue regeneration，but reverse thymus atrophy or promote atrophy thymus regenerate by stem cells need to be confirmed further. MethodsThe elderly macaque models were systematic screened and the thymus structure and function were evaluated by imaging and histopathology methods. The juvenile BMMSCs were injected into macaque models body by intravenous infusion. The effects of thymus tissue structure and expression of related factors were investigated by using imaging, histopathology,cell and molecule observation and measurement techniques. To explore the mechanism of juvenile BMMSC on thymus atrophy in aging rhesus macaques, the gene transcription profile of thymus tissue were sequencing and analyzed by bioinformatic methods. .ResultsThrough PET-CT observation, the thymus tissue density gradually increased after treatment, CT value gradually increased, SUVmax >1;The percentage of CD3+T cells in peripheral blood increased first and then decreased, CD3+CD4+T cells increased slowly, and CD3+CD8+T cells increased first, then decreased and then increased. By detecting Tregs in peripheral blood, the percentage of Tregs in peripheral blood showed a trend of decreasing first and then increasing after treatment (P< 0.05).The levels of thymosin α and thymosin II in peripheral blood were analyzed by ELISA method. It was found that thymosin α was firstly increased and then decreased after BMSC infusion, and the levels of thymosin Ⅱ were firstly increased and then decreased.The area of thymus parenchyma increased, and the boundary between skin and medulla appeared. Some thymus tissues were regenerated and changed to normal structure.The cortical and medullary junction structure and dense thymus structure gradually appeared in the elderly treatment group.The degree of thymus tissue fibrosis was reduced, and the deposition of collagen fiber was reduced. Apoptosis cells decreased significantly in the elderly treatment group compared with the elderly group. BMMSCs inhibited the expression of genes related to aging and apoptosis.ConclusionTransplantation BMMSC derived from juvenile macaques can poromote thymus regeneration, reverse thymus atrophy by regulating gene transcription profiles in aged macaques.

Age-related increase of frequency of a new, phenotypically distinct subpopulation of human peripheral blood T cells expressing lowered levels of CD4

Blood ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
pp. 1100-1107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Bryl ◽  
Magdalena Gazda ◽  
Jerzy Foerster ◽  
Jacek M. Witkowski
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
T Cell Activation ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cell Subpopulation ◽  
Cell Phenotype ◽  
Receptor Complexes ◽  
Age Related

Aging is associated with modifications of T-cell phenotype and function, leading to impaired activation in response to both new and recall antigens. It is not known if T-cell activation results in elimination of a number of the CD4 molecules from the cell surface, as is the case with CD3/T-cell receptor complexes, or how aging influences the process. The T cells of young and elderly donors with reduced expression of CD4 were examined to see whether these cells exhibit other phenotypic features suggesting their active state. It was found that T lymphocytes expressing CD4 can be divided into 2 semidiscrete subpopulations: the major (CD4+) population, in which the level of expression of CD4 is constant and high, and a minor population (CD4lo), in which the expression of CD4 can be up to an order of magnitude lower than on the CD4+ cells. The proportion of CD4locells is age dependent and highly variable in the apparently healthy human population, with the expression of CD4 ranging from around 10% of all peripheral blood lymphocytes in the young to more than 30% in the elderly. Lowered expression of CD4 is correlated with a reduced expression of CD3, as well as with a decreased amount of CD28 and CD95Fas. Activation of CD4lo cells is suggested by their expression of CD25 and increased amounts of HLA-DR. Phenotypic characteristics of the CD4lo T-cell subpopulation suggest that it might be formed by (perhaps chronically) activated, temporarily apoptosis-resistant cells, possibly accumulating in the elderly.

scholarly journals Autoreactive Peripheral Blood T Helper Cell Responses in Bullous Pemphigoid and Elderly Patients With Pruritic Disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dario Didona ◽  
Luca Scarsella ◽  
Milad Fehresti ◽  
Farzan Solimani ◽  
Hazem A. Juratli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Bullous Pemphigoid ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
Autoreactive T Cell ◽  
Serum Igg

Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is a prototypic autoimmune disorder of the elderly, characterized by serum IgG autoantibodies, namely anti-BP180 and anti-BP230, directed against components of the basal membrane zone that lead to sub-epidermal loss of adhesion. Pruritus may be indicative of a pre-clinical stage of BP, since a subset of these patients shows serum IgG autoantibodies against BP230 and/or BP180 while chronic pruritus is increasingly common in the elderly population and is associated with a variety of dermatoses. Clinical and experimental evidence further suggests that pruritus of the elderly may be linked to autoimmunity with loss of self-tolerance against cutaneous autoantigens. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine autoreactive T cell responses against BP180 in elderly patients in comparison to patients with BP. A total of 22 elderly patients with pruritic disorders, 34 patients with bullous or non-bullous BP and 34 age-matched healthy controls were included in this study. The level of anti-BP180 and anti-BP230 IgG serum autoantibodies, Bullous Pemphigoid Disease Area Index (BPDAI), and pruritus severity were assessed for all patients and controls. For characterization of the autoreactive T cell response, peripheral blood mononuclear cells were stimulated ex vivo with recombinant BP180 proteins (NH2- and COOH-terminal domains) and the frequencies of BP180-specific T cells producing interferon-γ, interleukin (IL)-5 or IL-17 were subsequently determined by ELISpot assay. Patients with BP showed a mixed Th1/Th2 response against BP180 while autoreactive Th1 cells were identified in a minor subset of elderly patients with pruritic disorders. Furthermore, our T cell characterization revealed that therapeutic application of topical clobetasol propionate ointment in BP patients significantly reduced peripheral blood BP180-specific T cells, along with clinically improved symptoms, strongly suggesting a systemic immunosuppressive effect of this treatment.

scholarly journals Acupuncture Can Regulate the Distribution of Lymphocyte Subsets and the Levels of Inflammatory Cytokines in Patients With Mild to Moderate Vascular Dementia

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Zhi ◽  
Yao Wang ◽  
Shichen Chang ◽  
Pan Pan ◽  
Zhenzhen Ling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
Vascular Dementia ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Lymphocyte Subsets ◽  
Acupuncture Treatment ◽  
Normal Group ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Ifn Γ

Background: Vascular dementia (VD) is the second most common type of dementia after Alzheimer’s disease, but there is a lack of definitive treatment for VD. Acupuncture treatment is effective in improving the cognitive impairment and behavioral capacity of patients with VD. In recent years, more studies indicated that peripheral inflammation and abnormal peripheral immune function may aggravate neuroinflammation and cognitive dysfunction. However, there are few studies about the acupuncture and the abnormal peripheral immune function of VD. Also, few studies concern the regulating effect of acupuncture on peripheral immunity of patients with VD.Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the effect of the “sanjiao” acupuncture method on peripheral immunity of patients with mild to moderate VD.Methods: A total of 30 patients with VD were involved in the acupuncture group (AG), which was treated with the “sanjiao” acupuncture method once a day for six times a week and lasted for 12 weeks, and 30 healthy elderly people were assigned to the normal group (NG), which had no treatment. The distribution of lymphocyte subsets and the levels of some inflammatory cytokines in the peripheral blood of subjects were evaluated using the flow cytometry (FCM) and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results: A total of 60 subjects were involved in this study, while 58 subjects completed the entire trial. Before treatment, the levels of CD3+ T, CD4+ T cells, CD4+/CD8+, Tregs, B cells, IFN-γ, and IL-10 in patients with VD were significantly decreased compared with the normal group (all P &lt; 0.05 or P &lt; 0.01). The level of TNF-α in peripheral blood of patients with VD was significantly increased (P &lt; 0.01). After acupuncture treatment, the levels of CD3+ T, CD4+ T cells, and IFN-γ were significantly increased (all P &lt; 0.05 or P &lt; 0.01). The level of TNF-α was significantly decreased (P &lt; 0.01). The proportion of Tregs was increased (P &lt; 0.01), but it was still lower than that of the normal group (P &lt; 0.05).Conclusion: The acupuncture method can increase the proportion of CD3+, CD4+ T cells, and Tregs in peripheral blood of patients with VD. And, it reduces the levels of pro-inflammatory factor TNF-α, which achieves the anti-inflammatory effects and immunostimulation. It suggests that acupuncture can improve the peripheral immune dysfunction of patients with VD by regulating the distribution of lymphocyte subsets and the levels of inflammatory cytokines.Clinical Trial Registration: [www.chictr.org.cn], identifier [ChiCTR-IOR-17012052].

scholarly journals Changes in the Peripheral Blood Treg Cell Proportion in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients After Transarterial Chemoembolization With Microparticles

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhizhong Ren ◽  
Yuanxun Yue ◽  
Yuewei Zhang ◽  
Jiahong Dong ◽  
Ying Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
Treg Cell ◽  
Cd8 T Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Transarterial Chemoembolization ◽  
Treg Cells ◽  
Regulatory Effect ◽  
Cell Proportion

ObjectiveTransarterial chemoembolization (TACE) stands for an ideal therapy for patients with intermediate stage HCC. This study was carried out to observe the effect of microparticles-transarterial chemoembolization (microparticles-TACE, m-TACE) on the immune function of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients by detecting the proportion of regulatory (Treg) cells in the peripheral blood of HCC patients before and after m-TACE, and to determine whether m-TACE has a positive regulatory effect on the immune function of HCC patients.Methods33 HCC patients treated with Gelatn Sponge Microparticles (GSMs-TACE) were enrolled. Flow cytometry was used to determine the proportion of Treg cells and CD4+/CD8+ T cells in peripheral blood of HCC patients 1 day before GSMs-TACE, 1 to 2 weeks and 3 to 5 weeks after GSMs-TACE, respectively.ResultsThe Tregs cell proportion of HCC patients was significantly higher than that of the healthy and cirrhosis controls and was associated with various clinical indicators of HCC patients. The Treg cell proportion in HCC patients with BCLC stage C was higher than that of stage B patients; The Treg cell proportion at 1 to 2 weeks postoperatively was 8.54 ± 1.27%, which was significantly lower than that before the GSMs-TACE. The Treg cell proportion at 3 to 5 weeks postoperatively was 7.59 ± 1.27%, which continued to decline. The ratio of CD4+/CD8+ T cells was 1.31 ± 0.56, 1.86 ± 0.73, 1.76 ± 0.58% (P&lt;0.01) respectively.ConclusionThese results indicated that m-TACE could exert a positive regulatory effect on the anticancer immune function of HCC patients, which may be used in combination with immune adjuvant therapies to enhance the efficacy of HCC.

The effect of a probiotic Escherichia coli strain on regulatory T-cells in six year-old children

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 639-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Hrdý ◽  
I. Kocourková ◽  
R. Lodinová-Žádníková ◽  
L. Kolářová ◽  
L. Prokešová
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Regulatory T Cells ◽  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
Functional Properties ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Coli Strain ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
E Coli

Probiotics are believed to prevent or reduce allergy development but the mechanism of their beneficial effect is still poorly understood. Immune characteristics of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in peripheral blood of perinatally probiotic-supplemented children of allergic mothers (51 children), non-supplemented children of allergic mothers (42 children), and non-supplemented children of healthy mothers (28 children) were compared at the age of 6-7 years. A first dose of a probiotic Escherichia coli strain (E. coli O83:K24:H31) was administered within 2 days after the birth and then 12 times during the first months of life and children were followed longitudinally. Proportion and functional properties of Tregs were estimated by flow cytometry in relation to the children’s allergy status. Proportion of Tregs in the peripheral blood of children suffering from allergy tends to be higher whereas median of fluorescence intensity (MFI) of FoxP3 was significantly decreased in allergic group. Intracellular presence of regulatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-10 was also lower in allergic children. Immune functions of Tregs reflected by both MFI of FoxP3 and IL-10 in the group of probiotic-supplemented children of allergic mothers were nearly comparable with children of healthy mothers while probiotic non-supplemented children of allergic mothers have decreased immune function of Tregs. Supplementation by probiotic E. coli strain decreases allergy incidence in high-risk children. In contrast to our expectation, proportion of Tregs has not been increased in probiotic supplemented children. Beneficial effect of probiotics on newborn immature immune system could be, at least partially, explained by the modulating immune function of Tregs. In summary, we detected increased proportion of Tregs in peripheral blood of allergic children, their functional properties were decreased in comparison with the Tregs of healthy children. A unifying hypothesis for these findings is that Treg numbers in allergic children are increased in order to compensate for decreased function.

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