scholarly journals Risk Factors Related to Weight Gain for Chines During Home Confinement in COVID-19 Pandemic: An Observational Retrospective Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing-Song Xia ◽  
Fan Wu ◽  
Ming-Ming Gong ◽  
Yan Zhao ◽  
Ding-Kun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Daily Exercise

Abstract Objective: The observational study was intended to explore the weight changes and risk factors of weight gain during the self-quarantine and find available methods to lose weight.Method: This was an online retrospective observational study investigating the weight changes before and after home confinement. A total of 530 participants completed the online questionnaire. diet, sleep, self-reported depression, disease history and exercise information possibly relating to weight changes were incorporated into the questionnaire. The differences among four groups (underweight, normal weight, overweight and obesity) in BMI change and weight change were compared, and the risk factors of weight gain was also analyzed by multiple linear regression analysis. Result: Participants were mostly between 21-50 years old, getting an average weight change of 0.82±3.31kg, and an average BMI change of 0.35 [-0.37, 1.00]. 43.77% of them gained weight by 2.99±2.29kg averagely. People with normal weight were easier to gain weight than obese group (p=0.001). There were differences in food intake (p<0.001), eating habits(p<0.001), taste preference (p=0.047), daily exercise step change(p=0.007), exercise (p=0.02) between non-weight gain group and weight gain group. The multiple linear regression revealed that weight gains were associated with sex (p=0.002), food intake (p=0.004), current daily exercise step (p=0.009) and self-reported depression (p=0.002) and weight loss was related to food intake (p=0.004) and pre-BMI (p=0.001).Conclusion: Eating irregularly, increasing food intake, self-reported depression and decreased daily steps were risk factors of weight gain, yet weight loss was related to decreased food intake and pre-BMI.

scholarly journals Changes and variations of body weight as risk factors for coronary heart disease

2008 ◽  
Vol 61 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 274-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragana Jovanovic ◽  
Branko Jakovljevic ◽  
Katarina Paunovic ◽  
Dusan Grubor ◽  
Aleksandar Milovanovic
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Weight Changes

Introduction Weight variations are a common phenomenon. Therefore, concern has been raised about the association between weight changes and weight variations and coronary heart disease (CHD). The aim of this study was to estimate the influence of weight change and weight variations as risk factors for coronary heart disease. Materials and methods The investigation was conducted as an observational cross-sectional study, including 102 participants of both genders: 61 patients with CHD and 41 healthy controls. All participants underwent anthropometric measurements and completed a questionnaire that included 1) weight changes in adulthood (maximum and minimum weight), 2) presence and number of weight variations in the 10 years prior to the onset of disease and 3) the size of weight change (weight gain or weight loss in kg). One weight variation was defined as weight loss followed by weight gain for more than 10% of body weight, or about 7 kg. Multivariant logistic regression was used for the estimation of significant predictors for the occurrence of coronary heart disease. Results Participants with CHD had higher values of body weight in adulthood compared to healthy controls, larger number of weight variations in the last 10 years, and more frequently reported weight gain and weight loss for more than 10 kg. The highest risk for the occurrence of coronary heart disease was observed for participants who had more than 3 weight variations for 10% (OR=2.13; 95%CI=0.98-5.48), those with weight loss over 10 kg (OR=2.16; 95%CI=1.71-2.72) and those with weight gain over 10 kg (OR=2.71; 95%CI=1.08-6.83), regardless of gender, age, smoking, body mass index and blood pressure. Discussion Several mechanisms are suggested to explain the relationship between weight changes and variations and coronary heart disease, including changes in plasma lipid levels, insulin levels, decrease of HDL cholesterol, increase of C-reactive protein and increase of blood pressure. Conclusion This study suggests that frequent and very intense weight changes can be considered important predictors for the occurrence of coronary heart disease.

Abstract 44: Cardiometabolic Responses to Weight Change are Different between Obese and Normal Weight Adults Who are Metabolically Healthy: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 131 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaohui Cui ◽  
Kimberly P Truesdale ◽  
Patrick T Bradshaw ◽  
Jianwen Cai ◽  
June Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Weight Maintenance ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Obese Adults ◽  
Metabolically Healthy

Introduction: The 2013 AHA/ACC/TOS Guideline for the Management of Overweight and Obesity in Adults recommended weight loss for obese adults in order to reduce their cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. However, not all obese adults develop CVD and approximately 17% of obese Americans in the 1999-2004 NHANES were metabolically healthy. The absence of abnormal CVD risk factors in this subgroup of obese adults indicates that some individuals are resistant to excess adiposity and positive energy balance, and raises the question of whether all obese adults should be recommended for weight loss treatment. We know of no study that has examined whether metabolically healthy obese (MHO) adults respond to weight changes the same way as metabolically healthy normal weight adults (MHNW). Also, no study has compared the effects of weight loss, weight maintenance and weight gain on CVD risk factors in MHO adults. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that the effects of weight change would be different in MHNW and MHO adults, with MHO adults having less stable risk factors, and that weight loss has a protective effect on CVD risk factors in the MHO compared to weight maintenance and weight gain. Methods: Data were from 2,710 MHO and MHNW participants in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. Four examinations yielded 4,541 observations over sequential 3-year intervals. Metabolically healthy was defined as absence of all components of metabolic syndrome, excluding waist circumference, at the beginning of a 3-year interval. Mixed effect models were applied to individually compare changes in five CVD risk factors (systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and glucose) in MHO and MHNW adults within 3 weight change categories (<3% weight loss, weight maintenance (±3%) and >3% weight gain). Results: Weight loss was associated with small or no changes in the five CVD risk factors in both MHO and MHNW adults. Weight maintenance was associated with larger increases in MHO compared to MHNW adults in triglycerides (mean ± standard error: 10.0±1.7 vs. 6.5±1.0 mg/dL) and glucose (1.7±0.4 vs. 0.9±0.2 mg/dL). Weight gain was associated with larger increases in systolic (8.6±0.6 vs. 6.2±0.4 mmHg) and diastolic (3.9±0.4 vs. 2.5±0.3 mmHg) blood pressure, triglycerides (22.0±1.8 vs. 16.0±1.1 mg/dL) and glucose (4.9±0.4 vs. 1.9±0.3 mg/dL) among the MHO compared to the MHNW. MHO weight losers experienced more favorable changes in the five CVD risk factors compared to MHO weight maintainers (p<0.04) or gainers (p<0.0001). Conclusions: We showed that compared to MHNW, MHO adults experienced similar changes in CVD risk factors with weight loss and larger increases with weight maintenance and gain. Our study supports the 2013 Guideline that primary health care providers should recommend weight loss treatment for MHO patients.

Association of weight change with telotristat ethyl in the treatment of carcinoid syndrome.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e15692-e15692
Author(s):  
Martin O Weickert ◽  
Gregory Kaltsas ◽  
Dieter Hörsch ◽  
Pablo Lapuerta ◽  
Marianne Pavel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Carcinoid Syndrome ◽  
Tryptophan Hydroxylase ◽  
Performance Status ◽  
Statistical Analysis Plan ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
And Performance

e15692 Background: In the Phase 3 TELESTAR study, the oral tryptophan hydroxylase inhibitor telotristat ethyl (TE) significantly reduced bowel movement (BM) frequency compared with placebo (pbo) over a 12-week Double-blind Treatment (DBT) period in patients with carcinoid syndrome (CS). Weight loss has previously been associated with uncontrolled CS and may result in reduced survival, so it is important to examine weight changes in patients with neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). Methods: We conducted an analysis, prespecified in the statistical analysis plan, of the incidence of weight change of ≥3% at Week 12 in TELESTAR. Patients with metastatic NETs, CS, and ≥4 BMs per day were randomly assigned to receive pbo, TE 250 mg 3x/day (tid), or TE 500 mg tid for 12 weeks, in addition to somatostatin analog therapy. Results: There were 45 patients in each group. Mean baseline age was 63.5 years, with 5.8 BMs/day and mean body mass index 24.87 kg/m2. Weight gain ≥3% at Week 12 was observed in 2/39 (5.1%), 7/41 (17.1%), and 13/40 (32.5%) patients on pbo, TE 250 tid, and TE 500 mg tid, respectively. The Cochrane–Armitage test for trend in weight gain incidence across groups yielded p = 0.0017. Among the 20 patients with a ≥3% weight gain on TE, 10 patients experienced a reduction of at least 30% in BM frequency at Week 12 (maximum reduction 75%). Weight loss ≥3% at Week 12 was observed in 5 (12.8%), 4 (9.8%), and 6 (15.0%) patients on pbo, TE 250 tid, and TE 500 mg tid. Adverse events of vomiting, decreased appetite, cachexia, and performance status decreased were reported during the DBT period among those with weight loss but not those with weight gain. Conclusions: The incidence of weight gain was dose-related on TE and was greater than that on pbo. It was possibly related to a reduction in diarrhea severity, and it may be a relevant aspect of TE efficacy among patients with functioning metastatic NETs. Clinical trial information: NCT01677910.

scholarly journals REPORTED WEIGHT CHANGE IN OLDER ADULTS AND PRESENCE OF FRAILTY

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
R.S. Crow ◽  
C.L. Petersen ◽  
S.B. Cook ◽  
C.J. Stevens ◽  
A.J. Titus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Current Weight ◽  
Time Point

Objective: A 5% change in weight is a significant predictor for frailty and obesity. We ascertained how self-reported weight change over the lifespan impacts rates of frailty in older adults. Methods: We identified 4,984 subjects ≥60 years with body composition measures from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. An adapted version of Fried’s frailty criteria was used as the primary outcome. Self-reported weight was assessed at time current,1 and 10 years earlier and at age 25. Weight changes between each time point were categorized as ≥ 5%, ≤5% or neutral. Logistic regression assessed the impact of weight change on the outcome of frailty. Results: Among 4,984 participants, 56.5% were female, mean age was 71.1 years, and mean BMI was 28.2kg/m2. A weight loss of ≥ 5% had a higher association with frailty compared to current weight, age 25 (OR 2.94 [1.72,5.02]), 10 years ago (OR 1.68 [1.05,2.69]), and 1 year ago (OR 1.55 [1.02,2.36]). Weight gain in the last year was associated with increased rate of frailty (1.59 [1.09,2.32]). Conclusion: There is an association between frailty and reported weight loss over time while only weight gain in the last year has an association with frailty.

scholarly journals Relationships of First Trimester Body Mass Index and Weight Change with Persistent Organic Pollutants Concentrations in Canadian Pregnant Women

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianne Levesque ◽  
Mariame O. Ouedraogo ◽  
Romina Fakhraei ◽  
Alysha L.J. Dingwall Harvey ◽  
Elizabeth Bratton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Gestational Weight ◽  
Maternal Bmi

Abstract Background Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are toxic chemicals with demonstrable effects on pregnancy and neonatal outcomes. The associations of early pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and antenatal weight changes with circulating POP concentrations are poorly understood in the Canadian context. The objective of this study is thus to examine the relationships between first trimester maternal BMI, weight change from pre-pregnancy to 6-13 weeks of pregnancy (early gestational weight change), and first trimester plasma POP concentrations among Canadian pregnant women. Methods We conducted a secondary analysis of data collected as part of the Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals (MIREC) Study. We determined the POP concentrations across first trimester BMI category (underweight/normal weight, overweight, class I & II obese, and class III obese) and early gestational weight change categories (weight loss, weight neutral/gain) and tested for overall differences using Kruskal-Wallis tests. Associations between first trimester maternal BMI and early gestational weight changes with the plasma concentrations of 41 POPs measured in the first trimester were further evaluated using unadjusted and adjusted censored regression models. Results Eleven of 41 POPs were detectable in at least 50% of the MIREC participants and could be analyzed for their relationships with first trimester BMI and weight change. The majority of POPs were inversely associated with first trimester BMI after controlling for the main confounding variables. Although not statistically significant, POP plasma concentrations tended to be generally higher in participants who lost weight compared to those who gained weight or whose weight stayed relatively stable from pre-pregnancy into the first trimester. Conclusions Our findings lend support to the hypothesis that pregnant women with obesity may have higher bioaccumulation of POPs within their adipose tissues than normal weight pregnant women. Additionally, early gestational weight loss appears to be associated with the highest circulating POP levels. Future studies should focus on the effect of weight changes on POPs concentrations across trimesters.

Experience from the selection and nutritional preparation for Expedition ICE MAIDEN: the first successful all-female unassisted Antarctic traverse

2019 ◽  
pp. jramc-2019-001175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie Taylor ◽  
R M Gifford ◽  
R Cobb ◽  
S L Wardle ◽  
S Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Successful Women ◽  
Composition Changes ◽  
And Training

IntroductionExpedition ICE MAIDEN (Ex IM) was the first all-female unsupported crossing of Antarctica. We describe the prerequisite selection and training, comparing those who formed the final team with other participants, and discuss how the expedition diet was established.MethodsAll women serving in the British Army were invited to participate. Following initial assessments, successful women completed three training/selection ski expeditions. Between expeditions 1 and 2, participants completed 6 months rigorous UK-based training. Weight was measured before and after the 6 months UK-based training, expeditions 2 and 3, and body composition by skinfold before and after expedition 2. Participant feedback, body composition and weight changes were applied to modify the expedition diet and provide weight gain targets prior to Ex IM.ResultsFollowing 250 applications, 50 women were assessed and 22, 12 and seven women attended training expeditions 1, 2 and 3, respectively. The final team of six women lost more weight than other participants during UK-based training (mean (SD) change −1.3 (1.5) kg vs −0.5 (1.6) kg, respectively, p=0.046) and during training expedition 2 (−2.8 (0.8) kg vs −1.7 (0.4) kg, respectively, p=0.048), when they also gained more lean mass (+2.1 (0.8) kg vs +0.4 (0.7) kg, respectively, p=0.004). The Ex IM diet provided 5000 kCal/day, comprising approximately 45% carbohydrate, 45% fat and 10% protein. Median (range) weight change between expedition 3 and Ex IM was +8.7 (−1.9 to +14.3) kg.ConclusionsThe selected Ex IM team demonstrated favourable training-associated body composition changes. Training-associated weight loss informed the expeditionary diet design.

Dietary Restraint as a Predictor of Reported Weight Loss and Affect

1994 ◽  
Vol 75 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1679-1682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marika Tiggemann
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Dietary Restraint ◽  
Restrained Eaters ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Permanent Change ◽  
Chronic Dieting ◽  
Unrestrained Eaters

This study investigated dietary restraint as a predictor of subsequent reported weight loss. Neither chronic dieters nor nondieters reported actually losing weight over a 7-mo. period. With respect to recent weight change, restrained eaters reported both more recent weight loss and more recent weight gain than unrestrained eaters. Further, such weight changes had a much larger influence on their affect. It was concluded that chronic dieting is likely to produce temporary swings in both weight and mood but no permanent change. As such, chronic dieters might best be advised to abandon their dieting attempts.

Dexfenfluramine: action with estradiol on food intake and body weight in ovariectomized rats

1990 ◽  
Vol 258 (1) ◽  
pp. R211-R215 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Souquet ◽  
N. E. Rowland
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Chronic Administration ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Estrogen Replacement ◽  
Ovx Rats ◽  
Adipose Tissue Lipoprotein Lipase

Previous work from this laboratory has shown that chronic administration of dexfenfluramine (DF) caused substantial weight loss in rats that were overweight 3-4 mo after ovariectomy (OVX), but not in OVX rats that were of normal weight, as a result of estrogen replacement. The present study was conducted to determine whether the enhanced weight loss in the former group is because of either overweight per se or an inhibitory effect of estrogen on DF. Starting either 0, 6, or 14 wk after OVX, when weight gain was zero, moderate, or near maximal, respectively, rats received a 12-day regimen of either estradiol or the oil vehicle and either DF (3 mg.kg-1.day-1 by osmotic minipump) or no drug. DF had no effect on either food intake or weight gain of groups treated during 0-2 wk after OVX but had significant anorectic and weight loss actions in groups treated 6-8 and 14-16 wk after OVX. Estrogen had a similar effect at all three times and in the 14-wk group produced an effect that was additive with that of DF. Measures of plasma glucose and triglycerides and adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase activity did not correlate with the effectiveness of the drug to promote weight loss.

Pregnancy Outcomes after Preeclampsia: The Effects of Interpregnancy Weight Change

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya Tabet ◽  
Soumya Banna ◽  
Lan Luong ◽  
Russell Kirby ◽  
Jen Jen Chang
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Cesarean Delivery ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Large For Gestational Age ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Increased Risk

Objective This study aimed to examine the effects of interpregnancy weight change on pregnancy outcomes, including recurrent preeclampsia, preterm birth, small-for-gestational age (SGA), large-for-gestational age (LGA), and cesarean delivery, among women with a history of preeclampsia. We also evaluated whether these associations were modified by prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) category in the first pregnancy (BMI < 25 vs. ≥25 kg/m2) and if associations were present among women who maintained a healthy BMI category in both pregnancies. Study Design We conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study including 15,108 women who delivered their first two nonanomalous singleton live births in Missouri (1989–2005) and experienced preeclampsia in the first pregnancy. We performed Poisson regression with robust error variance to estimate relative risks and 95% confidence intervals for outcomes of interest after controlling for potential confounders. Results Interpregnancy weight gain was associated with increased risk of recurrent preeclampsia, LGA, and cesarean delivery. These risks increased in a “dose–response” manner with increasing magnitude of interpregnancy weight gain and were generally more pronounced among women who were underweight or normal weight in the first pregnancy. Interpregnancy weight loss exceeding 1 BMI unit was associated with increased risk of SGA among underweight and normal weight women, while interpregnancy weight loss exceeding 2 BMI units was associated with reduced risk of recurrent preeclampsia among overweight and obese women. Conclusion Even small changes in interpregnancy weight may significantly affect pregnancy outcomes among formerly preeclamptic women. Appropriate weight management between pregnancies has the potential to attenuate such risks. Key Points

scholarly journals Association of Weight Loss from Early to Middle Adulthood and Incident Hypertension Risk Later in Life

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2622
Author(s):  
Yunping Zhou ◽  
Tao Wang ◽  
Xin Yin ◽  
Yun Sun ◽  
Wei Jie Seow
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Middle Adulthood ◽  
Incident Hypertension

Background: The effect of obesity in early adulthood and weight loss on incident hypertension in older age has not been well characterized. This study aimed to examine the association of weight loss from young adulthood to midlife with risk of incident hypertension later in life. Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Five weight change groups were categorized: stable normal, weight loss, weight gain, maximum overweight and stable obese. The hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the association between weight change and risk of hypertension in later life were estimated using Cox regression models. Results: Compared with participants who maintained normal weight, the stable obese, weight gain, maximum overweight and weight loss groups exhibited significantly higher risks of incident hypertension, with HR of 3.28 (95% CI = 2.71 to 3.96), 2.93 (95% CI = 2.62 to 3.28), 1.76 (95% CI = 1.55 to 2.00) and 1.97 (95% CI = 1.17 to 3.31), respectively. We also observed a lower risk among those in the weight loss group (HR = 0.60, 95% CI = 0.35 to 1.02) compared with those who were stable obese. Conclusions: Weight loss from early to middle adulthood was associated with lower risk of incident hypertension as compared to those who stayed obese and higher risk of incident hypertension as compared to those who maintained normal weight. Thus, maintaining normal weight throughout adulthood may be important for the primary prevention of hypertension.

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