scholarly journals The Efficacy of Topical Bacteriophage Semisolid Preparation on Burn Wounds Infected by Pseudomonas Aeruginosa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanieh Piranaghl ◽  
Zhila Taherzadeh ◽  
Shiva Golmohammadzadeh ◽  
Vahid Soheili ◽  
Zahra Sabeti Noghabi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Group Versus ◽  
Broth Culture ◽  
Bacteriophage Therapy ◽  
Burn Wound ◽  
Antibiotic Group

Abstract Objective: Recently, antibiotic resistance of post-burn infections caused by opportunistic pathogens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, became complicated due to its innate and acquired resistance. Bacteriophage therapy containing virulent factors that infect their specific host bacteria can be evaluated as an alternative treatment.In this study,the topical formulation contains lytic phages compared to the antibioticinthe murine model of burn/infected wound healing.Methods & Materials: Lytic bacteriophages were extracted from hospital sewage and propagated in broth culture of P.aeruginosa(24 hours, 37°C) and subsequently filtered.The collected phages were recultured alongside P. aeruginosa. The plaques were observed as clear zones and added to the polyethylene glycol (PEG) base ointment. Twenty-four adult female mice were selected and divided into four groups. Asecond-degree burn wound wascreated on the back of the mice and infected with 100 microliters of 1×102 - 3×102 CFU/ml P. aeruginosa subcutaneously. After 24 hours, each group received one of these interventions: silver sulfadiazine, ointment contains bacteriophage, ointment without bacteriophage (PEG group),or no treatment. Burn wound size, physical activity, and body temperature (rectal) were recorded every other day. On the 10th day, mice were sacrificed through cervical dislocation. Thewound’s skin was cut and evaluated histopathologically.Results: Significant differences inthe burn wound sizeamongthe bacteriophage groupversus the PEG group, the bacteriophage group versus the no-treatment group, and the antibiotic group versus the PEG group (P= 0.001, P= 0.001, P= 0.002 respectively)were observed. Mice’s physical activity was gradually improved in all groups and showed significant differences (P<0.001). Body temperature analyses showed significantdifferences only when day 8th compared with day 2nd, 4th, and 6th (P=0.001, P=0.02, P=0.02 respectively). Histopathological results indicated optimal wound healing in both the antibiotic group and bacteriophage group. However, no significant differences were observed in microscopic histopathological criteria in any groups based on Fisher’s exact statistical tests.Conclusion:Formulated phage ointmenteffectivelyprevents and treats burn wound infection in mice with no allergic reactions.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Bacteriophage Therapy against Gut-Derived Sepsis Caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Mice

2006 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 446-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryohei Watanabe ◽  
Tetsuya Matsumoto ◽  
Go Sano ◽  
Yoshikazu Ishii ◽  
Kazuhiro Tateda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Group Versus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lytic Phage ◽  
Bacteriophage Therapy ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Fecal Matter ◽  
Phage Treatment

ABSTRACT We evaluated the efficacy of bacteriophage (phage) therapy by using a murine model of gut-derived sepsis caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa that closely resembles the clinical pathophysiology of septicemia in humans. Oral administration of a newly isolated lytic phage strain (KPP10) significantly protected mice against mortality (survival rates, 66.7% for the phage-treated group versus 0% for the saline-treated control group; P < 0.01). Mice treated with phage also had lower numbers of viable P. aeruginosa cells in their blood, liver, and spleen. The levels of inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor alpha TNF-α, interleukin-1β [IL-1β], and IL-6) in blood and liver were significantly lower in phage-treated mice than in phage-untreated mice. The number of viable P. aeruginosa cells in fecal matter in the gastrointestinal tract was significantly lower in phage-treated mice than in the saline-treated control mice. We also studied the efficacy of phage treatment for intraperitoneal infection caused by P. aeruginosa and found that phage treatment significantly improved the survival of mice, but only under limited experimental conditions. In conclusion, our findings suggest that oral administration of phage may be effective against gut-derived sepsis caused by P. aeruginosa.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial activities of silver dressings: an in vitro comparison

2006 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Ip ◽  
Sau Lai Lui ◽  
Vincent K. M. Poon ◽  
Ivan Lung ◽  
Andrew Burd
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Enterobacter Cloacae ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Broth Culture ◽  
Proteus Vulgaris ◽  
Burn Wound ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumanii ◽  
Bactericidal Activities

A range of silver-coated or -impregnated dressings are now commercially available for use but comparative data on their antimicrobial efficacies are limited. The antibacterial activities of five commercially available silver-coated/impregnated dressings were compared against nine common burn-wound pathogens, namely methicillin-sensitive and -resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae, Proteus vulgaris, Acinetobacter baumannii and a multi-drug-efflux-positive Acinetobacter baumannii (BM4454), using a broth culture method. The rapidity and extent of killing of these pathogens under in vitro conditions were evaluated. All five silver-impregnated dressings investigated exerted bactericidal activity, particularly against Gram-negative bacteria, including Enterobacter species, Proteus species and E. coli. The spectrum and rapidity of action, however, ranged widely for different dressings. Acticoat and Contreet had a broad spectrum of bactericidal activities against both Gram-positive and -negative bacteria. Contreet was characterized by a very rapid bactericidal action and achieved a reduction of ⩾10 000 c.f.u. ml−1 in the first 30 min for Enterobacter cloacae, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumanii. Other dressings demonstrated a narrower range of bactericidal activities. Understanding the characteristics of these dressings may enable them to be targeted more appropriately according to the specific requirements for use of a particular dressing, as in for prophylaxis in skin grafting or for an infected wound with MRSA.

scholarly journals AB569, A Novel, Topical Bactericidal Gel Formulation, Kills Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Promotes Wound Healing in a Murine Model of Burn Wound Infection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Barry ◽  
Warunya Panmanee ◽  
Daniel J. Hassett ◽  
Latha Satish
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Burn Wound ◽  
Current Health Care System ◽  
Care System

Cutaneous thermal injuries from burns/explosives are a major cause of morbidity and mortality and represent a monumental burden on our current health care system. Injury severity is predominantly due to potentially lethal sepsis caused by multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MDR-PA). Thus, there is a critical need to develop novel and effective antimicrobials for the (i) prevention, (ii) treatment and (iii) healing of such wounds that are complicated by MDR- PA and other bacterial infections. AB569 is a novel bactericidal tandem consisting of acidified NaNO 2 (A-NO 2 - ) and Na 2 -EDTA. Herein, we first show that AB569 acts synergistically to kill all human burn wound strains of PA in vitro. This was found to be due, in part, to the generation of A-NO 2 - mediated nitric oxide (NO) formation coupled with the metal chelating properties of Na 2 -EDTA. Using a murine scald burn wound model of PA infection, an AB569-Solosite® gel formulation eradicated all bacteria. Futher, we also demonstrate enhanced AB569-mediated wound healing by not only accelerating wound contraction, but also by reducing levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 IL-1β.while increasing the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL-10 and granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF). We also observed better epidermal restoration in AB569 treated wounds. Taken together, we conclude that this study provides solid foundational evidence that AB569 can be used topically to treat highly problematic dermal insults including wound, burn, blast and likely diabetic infections in civilian and military populations, and help relieve the economical burden that MDR organisms have on the global health-care system.

scholarly journals Effects of Topical Antimicrobial Formulations on Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilm in an In vivo Porcine Burn Wound Model

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.C. Davis ◽  
M. Solis ◽  
J. Gil ◽  
J. Valdes ◽  
A. Higa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Post Infection ◽  
Wound Dressings ◽  
Wound Infections ◽  
Burn Wound ◽  
Bacterial Counts ◽  
Burn Wounds ◽  
Wound Model

AbstractSilver has been incorporated into a variety of wound dressings and topical agents to prevent and combat wound infections. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common cause of burn wound infections and well-known biofilm producer. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of a panel of wound dressings containing different silver formulations on P. aeruginosa biofilms using an in vivo porcine burn wound model. Second-degree burns were created on the skin of specific pathogen-free pigs (n = 3) and inoculated with 2.14 × 105 cfu P. aeruginosa per wound. Biofilms were allowed to develop for 24 h, and then each wound was treated with one of 6 treatments: silver oxynitrate dressing (OXY), silver oxynitrate powder (POWD), nanocrystalline silver dressing (NANO), silver chloride dressing (AGCL), silver sulfadiazine (SSD), or a negative control polyurethane film with no silver-based formulation (NEG). Wounds were cultured at D3 post-infection (n = 3 per pig per treatment) and at D6 post-infection (n = 3 per pig per treatment) for quantification of bacteria. On D6, biopsies (n = 3 per treatment) were taken from POWD, SSD, and NEG wounds and wound healing progress was evaluated histologically. At the time of treatment initiation, 24 h post-infection, 8.71 log cfu P. aeruginosa were present in burn wounds. On D3 and D6, all treatments significantly reduced bacterial counts in wounds as compared to NEG, but POWD caused an approximately 7-log reduction in bacterial counts on both days and was the only treatment to reduce the bacterial counts to below the threshold for detecting bacteria. The OXY, NANO, and SSD treatments had similar reductions in bacterial recovery on D3 and D6 of approximately 2.5-4 log. The histological healing metrics of reepithelialization percentage, epithelial thickness, white cell infiltration, angiogenesis, and granulation tissue formation were similar among wounds from POWD, SSD, and NEG groups at 6 days post-infection. Silver oxynitrate powder reduced P. aeruginosa growth in burn wounds more effectively than other silver-based dressings but did not impact wound healing.

An influence of social isolation on the level of physical activity as well as on well-being and mental state of people during the coronavirus COVID-19 pandemic

2019 ◽  
Vol 129 (4) ◽  
pp. 127-131
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Parfin ◽  
Krystian Wdowiak ◽  
Marzena Furtak-Niczyporuk ◽  
Jolanta Herda
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIntroduction. The COVID-19 is the name of an infectious disease caused by a new strain of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2). It was first diagnosed in December 2019 in patients in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China. The symptoms are dominated by features of respiratory tract infections, in some patients with a very severe course leading to respiratory failure and, in extreme cases to death. Due to the spread of the infection worldwide, the WHO declared a pandemic in March 2020.Aim. An investigation of the impact of social isolation introduced due to the coronavirus pandemic on selected aspects of life. The researchers focused on observing changes in habits related to physical activity and their connections with people’s subjective well-being and emotional state.Material and methods. The study was carried out within the international project of the group „IRG on COVID and exercise”. The research tool was a standardized questionnaire.Results. Based on the data collected and the analysis of the percentage results, it can be observed that the overwhelming majority of people taking up physical activity reported a better mood during the pandemic. However, statistical tests do not confirm these relationships due to the small sample size.Conclusions. Isolation favours physical activity. Future, in-depth studies, by enlarging the population group, are necessary to confirm the above observations.

The Safety and Efficacy of Mupirocin Topical Spray for Burn Wound Healing in A Rat Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sritharadol Rutthapol ◽  
Chunhachaichana Charisopon ◽  
Kumlungmak Sukanjana ◽  
Buatong Wilaiporn ◽  
Dechraksa Janwit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Immunohistochemical Study ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Burn Wound ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Burn Wound Healing ◽  
Tgf Β1

ABSTRACT This study evaluated the effect of mupirocin topical spray on burn wound healing in a rat model. Fifteen male Sprague Dawley rats were used to create full-thickness burns on the rat dorsum using a cylindrical stainless steel rod. The rats were topically treated with normal saline solution (NSS), mupirocin spray, ointment, and solution. The wound size and morphological evaluation were investigated by photographs and clinical criterions for wound healing. The histology was observed by hematoxylin and eosin (HandE) staining assay. The immunohistochemical study was evaluated by detection of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1), and the ratio of matrix metalloproteinase-9 to the tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-9/TIMP-1) was quantified using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) assay. A complete healing was observed at 28 days in all treatments. Mupirocin formulations accelerated the wound healing faster than NSS in size. However, the clinical criteria indicated a desirable skin appearance in the mupirocin spray and ointment treated groups. The histological evaluations showed no differences between the treatments while the immunohistochemical study revealed that all treatments reduced the level of TGF-β1 over time, particularly on day 28 in the mupirocin spray and ointment treated groups. The MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratio was significantly lower in the mupirocin spray and ointment treated groups than in the NSS and mupirocin solution groups. This study shows the safety and efficacy in the use of mupirocin topical spray. The topical mupirocin spray is an alternative suitable for development as a human topical anti-infective and wound protection spray.

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