scholarly journals Spatial Distribution and Time Series Analysis of COVID-19 Pandemic in Italy: A Geospatial Perspective

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Farhan Ul Moazzam ◽  
Tamkeen Urooj Paracha ◽  
Ghani Rahman ◽  
Byung Gul Lee ◽  
Nasir Farid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infected Patient ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Time Span ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Medical Assistance ◽  
Geospatial Technology ◽  
Epidemiological Features ◽  
Geospatial Technique ◽  
National Mortality ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Abstract The novel coronavirus pandemic disease (COVID-19) affected the whole globe, though there is lack of clinical studies and its epidemiological features. But as per the observation, it has been seen that most of COVID-19 infected patients show mild to moderate symptoms and they get better without any medical assistance due to better immune system to generate antibodies against the novel coronavirus. In this study the active cases, serious cases, recovered cases, deaths and total confirmed cases have been analyzed using geospatial technique (IDW) with the time span of 2nd March to 3rd June 2020. As on 3rd June the total number of COVID-19 cases in Italy were 231,238, total deaths 33,310, serious cases 350, recovered cases 158,951 and active cases were 39,177 which has been reported by the Ministry of health, Italy. March 2nd – June 3rd 2020 a sum of 231, 238 cases has been reported in Italy out of which 38.68% cases reported in Lombardia region with death rate of 18% which is high from its national mortality rate followed by Emilia-Romagna (14.89% deaths), Piemonte (12.68% deaths), and Vento (10% deaths). As per the total cases in the region, the highest number of recoveries has been observed in Umbria (92.52%), followed by Basilicata (87%), Valle d'Aosta (86.85%) and Trento (84.54%). The COVID-19 evolution in Italy has been particularly found in the major urban area i.e. Rome, Milan, Naples, Bologna and Florence. Geospatial technology played a vital role in this pandemic by tracking infected patient, active cases, and the recovered cases. Thus, monitoring and planning using geospatial technique is very important to control COVID-19 spread in the country.

scholarly journals Epidemiological Features of the Incidence of COVID-19 in Moscow in the Period from March 1 to August 31, 2020

2021 ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
AV Ivanenko ◽  
DV Soloviev ◽  
NA Volkova ◽  
VM Glinenko ◽  
OA Smirnova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
High Rate ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Epidemiological Features ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
The City ◽  
Spearman’S Correlation

Introduction: Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection is a global healthcare and social problem due to a rapid ubiquitous spread of the virus, a high rate of complications and deaths. The disease is often asymptomatic, which can contribute to its spread, while the most common complication is the development of pneumonia with or without acute respiratory failure and respiratory distress syndrome, which are often fatal. These characteristics of the disease, along with the almost complete lack of immunity in the population around the world (before the mass spread), allowed SARS-CoV-2 to spread freely among the population of all countries. Our objective was to assess the epidemiological features of the incidence of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in the population of the city of Moscow. Materials and methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of all confirmed COVID-19 cases, the total number of diagnostic tests for COVID-19, and the incidence of upper respiratory tract infections registered in Moscow from March 1 to August 31, 2020. The correlation analysis was performed by calculating the Spearman’s correlation coefficient and subsequent statistical significance of differences in the compared relative values (p) from the Student’s t-test. Confidence intervals were determined with the calculation of average errors of the compared variables – m(σ). Conclusion: The revealed features of the COVID-19 incidence in Moscow help establish the factors influencing the development of the epidemic process in the city and give an accurate prediction of the COVID-19 situation for the future.

scholarly journals A Blockchain Use Case in Cold Chain to Minimize the Risk of COVID-19 Infection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adnan Iftekhar ◽  
Xiaohui Cui
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Data Sharing ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Cold Chain ◽  
Use Case ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Food Supply Chains ◽  
Reference Guide ◽  
Import And Export ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

The world is facing an unprecedented socio-economic crisis caused by the novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19). It is also spreading through the import and export food supply chains. The Chinese authorities have discovered the COVID-19 virus in various imported frozen meat packages. Traceability plays a vital role in food quality and food safety. The Internet of Things (IoT) provides solutions to keep an eye on environmental conditions, product quality, and product traceability. These solutions are traditionally based on the centralized architecture, which does not guarantee tamper-proof data sharing. The blockchain is an emerging technology that provides tamper-proof data sharing in real-time. This article presents Hyperledger Fabric-based blockchain use case and a quick reference guide to develop the blockchain network for tracking and tracing the supply chain to minimize the risk of COVID-19 in the frozen meat supply chain.

scholarly journals Keeping One’s Distance: Mask Wearing is Implicitly Associated With Psychological Distance

2021 ◽  
pp. 194855062110440
Author(s):  
Ramzi Fatfouta ◽  
Yaacov Trope
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Psychological Distance ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Temporal Distance ◽  
Spatial Distance ◽  
Construal Level ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Mask wearing plays a vital role in the fight against the novel coronavirus (COVID-19). Despite its ubiquity in everyday social life, it is still unknown how masked faces are mentally represented. Drawing on construal-level theory, we test the hypothesis that masked faces and unmasked faces are implicitly associated with psychological distance and proximity in memory, respectively. Four preregistered, high-powered experiments ( N = 354 adults) using the Implicit Association Test lend convergent support to this hypothesis across all four dimensions of psychological distance: social distance, spatial distance, temporal distance, and hypothetical distance. A mini meta-analysis validates the reliability of the findings (Hedge’s g = 0.46). The present work contributes to the growing literature on construal-level effects on implicit social cognition and enriches the current discussion on mask wearing in the pandemic and beyond.

scholarly journals Keeping one’s distance: Mask wearing is implicitly associated with psychological distance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramzi Fatfouta ◽  
Yaacov Trope
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Psychological Distance ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Spatial Distance ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Political Debates ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Mask wearing plays a vital role in the fight against the novel coronavirus (COVID-19). Despite its ubiquity in everyday social life, it is still unknown how masked faces are mentally represented. Drawing on construal level theory, we test the hypothesis that masked faces and unmasked faces are implicitly associated with psychological distance and proximity in memory, respectively. Four fully preregistered, high-powered experiments (N = 354 adults) using the Implicit Association Test lend convergent support to this hypothesis across all four dimensions of psychological distance: Social distance, spatial distance, temporal distance, and hypothetical distance. A mini meta-analysis validates the reliability of the findings (Hedge’s g = 0.46). The present work provides novel and valuable evidence on the psychological effects of mask wearing, which will be crucial for ongoing political debates and public-health efforts regarding this public health measure.

scholarly journals School Nurses on the Front Lines of Healthcare: The Approach to Maintaining Student Health and Wellness During COVID-19 School Closures

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 269-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Rothstein ◽  
Robert P. Olympia
Keyword(s):  
Psychosocial Support ◽  
The United States ◽  
School Nurses ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Student Health ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Health And Wellness ◽  
School Closures ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Academic Year

In response to the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, most states in the United States enacted statewide school closures, ranging in duration from 1 month to the remainder of the academic year. The extended durations of these closures present unique challenges, as many families rely on the school as a source of physical activity, mental health services, psychosocial support, child care, and food security. While the school doors may be closed, the school nurse can still play a vital role in emergency management. This article discusses challenges and proposes solutions to maintaining student health and wellness during extended school closures due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, it is inevitable that until a vaccine for coronavirus is developed and readily available, many schools will continue to see future closures, though likely for shorter periods of time, as they respond to local outbreaks.

scholarly journals Spatial and Temporal Mapping of COVID-19 Pandemic Using GIS Technique: A Case Study of Italy Authors M. Farhan Ul Moazzam

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Evaluation ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Geospatial Techniques ◽  
Geospatial Technology ◽  
Epidemiological Features ◽  
Geospatial Technique ◽  
Gis Technique ◽  
Distance Weighting ◽  
Inverse Distance

Coronavirus pandemic disease (COVID-19) has spread globally. Presently, there is insufficient data regarding clinical studies and its epidemiological features. However, it is comprehended that most of the COVID-19 infected patients show mild to moderate symptoms which improve without any medical assistance attributing to enhanced immune system by generating antibodies against the viral antigens. In this comparative study, the active cases, recovered cases, deaths, and total confirmed cases from January 2020 to 23rd August 2021 have been analyzed using a geospatial technique inverse distance weighting (IDW). Until latter, the total number of COVID-19 cases reported in Italy were 4,168,699 including 128,715 deceased, 3,904,429 recovered and 135,555 cases were still active carriers. Out of total cases 20.76% were reported in Lombardia region with a death rate of 26.26%. This mortality rate was found higher in comparison with rate followed by Emilia-Romagna (10.35%), Piemonte (9.10%), and Vento (9.06%). While percentage of recovery was found variable i.e. in Lombardia 20.98%, followed by Veneto 10.89%, Campania 10.88% and Emilia-Romagna 9.72%. COVID-19 evolution in Italy has majorly affected the urban area i.e., Rome, Milan, Naples, Bologna, and Florence. Geospatial technology played a vital statistical role by tracking infected patients, active cases, and the recovered cases. Thus, it is acknowledged that geospatial techniques are an important tool in statistical evaluation of disease spread and their control among populations

Comparative docking of SARS-CoV-2 receptors antagonists from repurposing drugs

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Micael Davi Lima de Oliveira ◽  
Kelson Mota Teixeira de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organisation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Lung Cells ◽  
The Novel ◽  
High Modulation ◽  
Main Protease ◽  
The World ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Viral Receptors ◽  
Theoretical Results

According to the World Health Organisation, until 16 June, 2020, the number of confirmed and notified cases of COVID-19 has already exceeded 7.9 million with approximately 434 thousand deaths worldwide. This research aimed to find repurposing antagonists, that may inhibit the activity of the main protease (Mpro) of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, as well as partially modulate the ACE2 receptors largely found in lung cells, and reduce viral replication by inhibiting Nsp12 RNA polymerase. Docking molecular simulations were performed among a total of 60 structures, most of all, published in the literature against the novel coronavirus. The theoretical results indicated that, in comparative terms, paritaprevir, ivermectin, ledipasvir, and simeprevir, are among the most theoretical promising drugs in remission of symptoms from the disease. Furthermore, also corroborate indinavir to the high modulation in viral receptors. The second group of promising drugs includes remdesivir and azithromycin. The repurposing drugs HCQ and chloroquine were not effective in comparative terms to other drugs, as monotherapies, against SARS-CoV-2 infection.

SARS-COV2 virus and Coronavirus disease (COVID-19)

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 977-982
Author(s):  
Mohamed J. Saadh ◽  
Bashar Haj Rashid M ◽  
Roa’a Matar ◽  
Sajeda Riyad Aldibs ◽  
Hala Sbaih ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Close Contact ◽  
Antiviral Agents ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Fatal Disease ◽  
Mild Disease ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

SARS-COV2 virus causes Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and represents the causative agent of a potentially fatal disease that is of great global public health concern. The novel coronavirus (2019) was discovered in 2019 in Wuhan, the market of the wet animal, China with viral pneumonia cases and is life-threatening. Today, WHO announces COVID-19 outbreak as a pandemic. COVID-19 is likely to be zoonotic. It is transmitted from bats as intermediary animals to human. Also, the virus is transmitted from human to human who is in close contact with others. The computerized tomographic chest scan is usually abnormal even in those with no symptoms or mild disease. Treatment is nearly supportive; the role of antiviral agents is yet to be established. The SARS-COV2 virus spreads faster than its two ancestors, the SARS-CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), but has lower fatality. In this article, we aimed to summarize the transmission, symptoms, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, and vaccine to control the spread of this fatal disease.

Coronavirus: Towards controlling of the pandemic - Indian scenario

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 462-468
Author(s):  
Latika kothari ◽  
Sanskruti Wadatkar ◽  
Roshni Taori ◽  
Pavan Bajaj ◽  
Diksha Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Control Measures ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Medical Treatments ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
The Public ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
The Social ◽  
Asking Questions ◽  
The Government ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a communicable infection caused by the novel coronavirus resulting in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV). It was recognized to be a health crisis for the general population of international concern on 30th January 2020 and conceded as a pandemic on 11th March 2020. India is taking various measures to fight this invisible enemy by adopting different strategies and policies. To stop the COVID-19 from spreading, the Home Affairs Ministry and the health ministry, of India, has issued the nCoV 19 guidelines on travel. Screening for COVID-19 by asking questions about any symptoms, recent travel history, and exposure. India has been trying to get testing kits available. The government of India has enforced various laws like the social distancing, Janata curfew, strict lockdowns, screening door to door to control the spread of novel coronavirus. In this pandemic, innovative medical treatments are being explored, and a proper vaccine is being hunted to deal with the situation. Infection control measures are necessary to prevent the virus from further spreading and to help control the current situation. Thus, this review illustrates and explains the criteria provided by the government of India to the awareness of the public to prevent the spread of COVID-19.

Association and treatment of diabetes in patients affected by Covid-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 1198-1201
Author(s):  
Syed Yasir Afaque
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The World ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Composite Outcomes ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The Impact

In December 2019, a unique coronavirus infection, SARS-CoV-2, was first identified in the province of Wuhan in China. Since then, it spread rapidly all over the world and has been responsible for a large number of morbidity and mortality among humans. According to a latest study, Diabetes mellitus, heart diseases, Hypertension etc. are being considered important risk factors for the development of this infection and is also associated with unfavorable outcomes in these patients. There is little evidence concerning the trail back of these patients possibly because of a small number of participants and people who experienced primary composite outcomes (such as admission in the ICU, usage of machine-driven ventilation or even fatality of these patients). Until now, there are no academic findings that have proven independent prognostic value of diabetes on death in the novel Coronavirus patients. However, there are several conjectures linking Diabetes with the impact as well as progression of COVID-19 in these patients. The aim of this review is to acknowledge about the association amongst Diabetes and the novel Coronavirus and the result of the infection in such patients.

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