scholarly journals The Influence of Eroding Djallonke Genotype on the Incidence of Diseases and Mortalities in Sahalian X Djallonke Cross-bred Sheep

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iddriss Ibn Abdul-Rahman ◽  
Micheal Baba Agombire ◽  
Robert Niayele
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Ehrlichia Ruminantium ◽  
Cross Breeding

Abstract Despite cross breeding of Djallonke and Sahelian sheep due to the higher growth rate and final body weight of the Sahelian breeds over the years, little scientific evidence exists on the ability of the crosses to withstand diseases compared to their Djallonke parents. A study involving 700 Djallonke and two crosses of the Djallonke and Sahelian breeds (50% Sahel × 50% Djallonke, 75% Sahel × 25% Djallonke) was conducted, and documented incidence of diseases, parasites and mortalities in these animals. Enteritis (82%), Ehrlichia ruminantium (6.2%) and orf (6.2%) were more prevalent in 25% Djallonke than both 100% and 50% Djallonkes. Similarly, pneumonia was more prevalent in 50% Djallonkes, individuals of all age groups and females than all other genotypes, adults and males, respectively. Enteritis prevalence was also higher in lambs and males than animals of all age groups and females, respectively. Coccidiosis was more prevalent in individuals of all age groups and males, than lambs and females, respectively. More abscess and trauma cases were found in males than females. Significantly higher levels of tapeworms and flea infestations were seen in lambs than weaners and adults. Conversely, more mange mite and tick infestations were seen in adults than weaners and lambs. Higher levels of mortalities were recorded in all other genotypes, lambs, females and in haemoncosis cases than in 100% Djallonke, all other age groups, males and taeniasis cases, respectively. The Sahel x Djalloke crosses are more susceptible to infectious diseases and record higher mortality rates than the pure Djallonke genotypes.

scholarly journals Understanding the Interaction Effects between Dietary Lipid Content and Rearing Temperature on Growth Performance, Feed Utilization, and Fat Deposition of Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 392
Author(s):  
Lydia Katsika ◽  
Mario Huesca Flores ◽  
Yannis Kotzamanis ◽  
Alicia Estevez ◽  
Stavros Chatzifotis
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Dicentrarchus Labrax ◽  
Sea Bass ◽  
Dietary Lipid ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Fish Group

This study was conducted to elucidate the interaction effects of temperature and dietary lipid levels (2 × 2 factorial experiment) on the growth performance, muscle, and liver composition in adult farmed European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). Two groups of fish (190 g; 60 fish per group) were distributed in 12 tanks in triplicates and kept at two different temperature regimes; one starting at 23 °C and then changed to 17 °C for 61 days, and the other starting at 17 °C and then changed to 23 °C for 39 days. Two commercial diets containing both ~44% crude protein but incorporating different dietary lipid levels, 16.5% (D16) and 20.0% (D20) (dry matter (DM)), were fed to the fish to apparent satiation; the type of diet fed to each fish group remained constant throughout the experiment. Final body weight, weight gain, and specific growth rate were significantly higher for the fish group held at 23 °C compared to the fish group at 17 °C (before the temperature changes), while the dietary fat content did not have any profound effect in both groups. Furthermore, the different temperature regimes did not affect muscle or liver composition, but, on the contrary, dietary lipids affected hepatosomatic, perivisceral fat, and visceral indexes. Feed conversion ratio and specific growth rate were not affected by the dietary lipid level. An interaction of temperature and dietary lipid content was observed in daily feed consumption (DFC) and final body weight (FBW).

scholarly journals Effect of body weight of goats and lactation order on the growth rate of kids in the suckling period

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 1193-1200 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Zujovic ◽  
N. Memisi ◽  
V. Bogdanovic ◽  
Z. Tomic ◽  
N. Maksimovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
The Body ◽  
Individual Growth ◽  
Positive Sign ◽  
Suckling Period ◽  
Final Body Weight

The paper presents results of investigation of milk yield by lactation, by order, and mother's body weight on growth rate of kids of the domestic Balkan goat. Daily weight gains of 376 single kids (168 male and 208 female), in three monthly intervals, and their final body weight at 90 days of age were established. Variability of analyzed traits was presented using descriptive statistics parameters, and differences of growth traits for weight gain of kids resulting from the effect of milk yield of female goats by order of lactation were investigated by single analysis of variance. The effect of independent variables, mothers' milk yield and body weight, on body weight of kids was tested using multiple regression analysis. During the entire suckling period, established average values for kids body weight differed significantly (P<0.001), increasing from the 1st toward later lactations. At 90 days of age the lowest values were established in kids from the youngest mothers (11.86 kg), while for kids of mothers in the fourth or later lactations these values were higher (13.93 kg). Coefficients of determination indicate that the variability percentage for individual growth traits of kids was in the 0.08 - 0.17 interval, indicating its significance. Both "b" coefficients (b1 and b2) are positive and statistically highly significant, except for coefficient b2 in the analysis of body weight of kids at birth. The positive sign and high statistical significance indicate a pronounced effect of mother's milk yield and body weight on the body weight of kids up to 90 days of age.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Kalo Jeera seeds (Nigella sativa) and Thankuni (Centella asiatica) supplementation on the growth performance of broiler chicken

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 196
Author(s):  
Chandan Kumar Sarkar ◽  
Mahbub Mostofa ◽  
Md. Mahmudul Hasan Sikder ◽  
Wahedul Karim Ansari ◽  
Md. Mostakin Ahamed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Centella Asiatica ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Group B

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> In modern era, treatment methods become diversified and developed day by day and organic medicine is one of the modern technology which also introduced in our poultry sector.<strong> </strong>This experiment was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of Thankuni (<em>Centella asiatica)</em> and Kalo Jeera (<em>Nigella sativa</em>) powdered supplementation as a growth promoter in broiler chickens.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A total of 20 day-old Cobb 500 broiler chicks were randomly divided into two groups, A and B after seven days of acclimatization. The group A was kept as control and fed on only normal balanced diet. The group B was treatment group fed on normal diet with additional supplementation of Thankuni and Kalo Jeera powder in water. For observation of growth rate, live body weight was taken at first day and every seven days interval up to 5<sup>th</sup> weeks. Besides it hematological tests were performed at 35<sup>th</sup> days for searching hematological changes in both groups.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The initial body weight of groups A and Bon 1<sup>st</sup> day of this experiment were 43.00 ± 0.56 gm and 42.50 ± 0.35 gm, respectively and after 35<sup>th</sup> day of experiment final body weight were 1450 ± 57.35 gm and 1700 ± 58.56 gm (p&lt;1%) respectively. The growth rate of treatment group B was 17.24% more (p&lt;1%) than that of control birds. Although the dressing percentage of both group was equal but relative weight of heart, liver, spleen and pancreas were significantly higher (p&lt;0.1) in treatment group indicates better flock health. Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) were 1.88 in treated birds and 2.28 in control birds was the sign of economy rate of production and were analyzed and found that net profit per broiler was Tk. 10.50 (0.12 USD) and Tk. 33.00 (0.4 USD), respectively. General blood parameters of treatment group were non-significantly higher than control group.  </p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The results suggest that better growth performance were achieved in broilers supplemented with Thankuni leaf and Kalo Jeera. Both of these two herbal medicines have antimicrobial, immunostimulatory, anti-stress, fungi static, insecticidal and liver tonic properties so that there were no mortality rate. Now it can be said that uses of Thankuni and Kalo Jeera has beneficiary effects in broiler production.

scholarly journals Assessment of the impact of the timing of first feeding with live and formulated feeds on the survival and growth of larvae Atlantic sturgeon (Acipenser oxyrinchus Mitchill) in recirculating systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-120
Author(s):  
Iwona Piotrowska ◽  
Bożena Szczepkowska ◽  
Mirosław Szczepkowski ◽  
Michał Kozłowski
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Atlantic Sturgeon ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Live Feed ◽  
First Feeding ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
Formulated Feed ◽  
Acipenser Oxyrinchus

Abstract The aim of the study was to determine the optimum timing of the first feeding of live and formulated feeds and its impact on the survival and growth of larval Atlantic sturgeon, Acipenser oxyrinchus Mitchill, reared in recirculating systems. The first experiment compared the rearing effects on larvae that were provided live feed (Artemia sp.) at first feeding on 6, 9, and 12 days post hatch (DPH). The timing of the first feeding with live feed had an impact on the specific growth rate, the final body weight, and the coefficient of body weight variation. The most advantageous rearing parameter values were noted in the group given their first feeding 9 DPH (P < 0.05). The second experiment compared the results of rearing larvae that were first given formulated feed on days 20, 25, and 30 post hatch. The highest specific growth rate and final body weight were obtained by the group of fish given their first feeding of formulated feed on day 20 post hatch (P < 0.05). The timing of the first feeding did not impact fish survival, which was above 76% (P > 0.05) in all groups. The results of the experiment indicate that the optimum timing of Atlantic sturgeon first feeding on live feed was nine DPH, and on formulated feed it was 20 DPH.

scholarly journals ẢNH HƯỞNG CỦA THỨC ĂN, PHÂN CỠ VÀ GIÁ THỂ ĐẾN HIỆU QUẢ ƯƠNG GIỐNG CÁ LEO Wallago attu (Bloch & Schneider, 1801)

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nghĩa Võ Đức ◽  
◽  
Tuấn Nguyễn Anh ◽  
Thành Nguyễn Đức ◽  
An Lê Thị Thu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Specific Growth Rate ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Size Variation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Wallago Attu ◽  
Trash Fish ◽  
Significant Difference

In order to elucidate the effects of feeding, segregation and refuges on the growth of freshwater catfish, Wallago attu, post-hatch larvae were fed with live zooplankton alone (moina) or combination between moina and one of the following food: commercial pellets or minced trash fish or cow liver. For impacts of segregation and refuges on the growth of W. attu, these treatments were applied seperately or in combination between segregation and refuges. The results indicated that final total length – (TLe: 54.0 ± 2.16 mm), specific growth rate of length – (SGRL: 15.6 ± 0.52%), final body weight – (BWe: 273.3 ± 23.7 mg) and specific growth rate of weight – (SGRW: 32.9 ± 0.97%) of fish fed with cow liver in treatment were significantly higher than that of other treatments (p<0.05). Size variation of fish fed with cow liver (CVL: 4.0 ± 0.16% and CVw: 8.7 ± 0.81%) and minced trash fish (CVL: 4.6 ± 0.22% and CVW: 8.9 ± 0.78%) were less than moina treatment alone (CVL: 9.0 ± 0.8% and CVw: 24.2 ± 5.64%) and commercial pellets (CVL: 7.1 ± 0.51% and CVw: 12.0 ± 1.5%). Segregation and combination between segregation and refuges reduced the cannibalism among the larvae in comparition with the other treatments. The treatments without refuges and non-segregation showed the highest cannibalism ratio (29.8%). There was no significant difference in the mortality between treatments ranged from 23.8% to 27.3% (p>0.05).

A Comparative Evaluation on Productive and Reproductive Traits of Tamworth X Desi and Hampshire X Niang Megha Pigs under Subtropical Hill Ecosystem in Eastern Himalayas Region of India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Kadirvel ◽  
N. Manoranjan Singh ◽  
Mokidur Rahman ◽  
L. Anandakumar Singh ◽  
G. Khargharia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dressing Percentage ◽  
Crossbred Pigs

Background: Pig farming is the integral component of farming system in the tribal dominated North Eastern region of India since pork is the most preferred meat among tribal population. However, pork still remains deficit and a high supply-demand gap exists due to low productivity of nondescript local pigs. In this context, popularization of crossbred pigs is the suitable option to enhance productivity. Thus, the study was carried out to evaluate the performance of crossbred pigs viz., Tamworth X Desi (T and D), Hampshire X Niang Megha (H and NM) in order to improve the pig productivity in the region. Methods: Data was collected from crossbred pigs viz., Tamworth X desi (T and D), Hampshire X Niang Megha (H and NM) and Niang Megha (NM) pigs which is maintained in the Pig breeding farm of the institute. This data included the study of productive (n=778 piglets), reproductive (n =107 sows) and carcass traits (n =45 slaughters) over a period of about eight years (2005-2013) from the farm record books cum-pedigree sheet of the pig farm. The date was analyzed suitable statistical tools. Result: The study recorded no significant differences (P less than 0.01) in pre weaning body weight, growth rate and mortality rate between T and D and H and NM crossbred pigs however, both the crossbred pigs revealed significantly (P less than 0.05) higher pre weaning body weight and growth rate than that of NM pig. Post weaning body weight were significantly (P less than0.05) highest in T and D crossbred pigs followed by H and NM crossbred pig as compared to NM pigs at all age groups. Farrowing rate were significantly (P less than 0.05) highest in NM pigs and lowest in T and D crossbred pigs. However, farrowing interval were significantly (P less than0.05) highest in NM pig and lowest in H and NM crossbred pigs. Regarding litter size at birth and weaning, there was no significant (P less than0.01) difference between T and D and H and NM pig but both these pigs revealed significantly (P less than0.05) higher litter performance than NM pig. Back fat thickness and loin eye area were significantly highest in T and D pigs and lowest in NM pig. However, NM pig has significantly highest lean meat content than T and D and H and NM crossbred pig. There was no significant difference (P less than0.01) observed of dressing percentage between T and D and H and NM crossbred pig but, both the genetic group yield significantly (P less than0.05) higher dressing percentage than Niang Megha pigs. Based on the productive, reproductive and carcass traits, the study concluded that T and D pigs more suitable for fattener pig production due to their higher growth performance and carcass yield, whereas H and M pigs can be utilized for breeding purpose in subtropical hill ecosystem of Northeast India.

Oocyte Recruitment in First-Time Spawning Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua) in Relation to Feeding Regime

1994 ◽  
Vol 51 (8) ◽  
pp. 1893-1898 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. S. Kjesbu ◽  
J. C. Holm
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Atlantic Cod ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Feeding Regimes ◽  
Ration Size ◽  
First Time

Adolescent (10-mo-old, ≈165 g) Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) hatched and reared in the laboratory were transferred to three different feeding regimes (groups) for a full year, high–high (HH), low–high (LH), or high–low (HL), switching the ration size after 5 mo in July (i.e., before vitellogenesis). Subsequent analysis of fecundity before the first spawning season revealed that adolescent body weight was most important for fecundity followed by growth rate in the autumn, while growth rate in the spring contributed insignificantly. There existed a significant positive correlation between individual, starting (adolescent), and final body weight. All groups were characterized by high individual variability in both fecundity and oocyte development, suggesting strong genetic influences. The groups showed different final mean body weights (HH: 1265 g, LH: 1199 g, and HL: 886 g) but, unexpectedly, the same mean relative fecundities (number of oocytes per gram of ovary-free fish) (≈1200). The study on oocyte sizes provided evidence that HH fish will commence spawning earliest in the year followed by LH fish and then HL fish.

scholarly journals Effects of stocking density on the growth rate of gold fish fry reared in hapa

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 504-515
Author(s):  
Md Saroar Hossain Shajib ◽  
Baadruzzoha Sarker ◽  
Abdulla Al Asif ◽  
Md Mizanur Rahman ◽  
Md Abu Zafar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Present Experiment ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Fish Growth ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Gold Fish ◽  
Growth Performances ◽  
Final Weight

The present study was conducted to investigate effects of stocking density on growth performances of gold fish (Carassius auratus) in hapas. Experiment was conducted for a month with three treatments where three stocking densities were T1 (10 fry/hapa), T2 (15 fry/hapa) andT3 (20 fry/hapa) each having three replications which were selected randomly. In the present experiment hapa (3ft × 2ft × 2ft) with 1 mm mesh net was used. Gold fish fry having a mean body weight of 0.007 g were used in all treatments. Fishes were fed at the rate of 10% of their body weight containing 34.11% protein. Water quality parameters were monitored at 10 days interval and the ranges were –temperature 24.75 to 27.75 oC, dissolved oxygen 3.68 to 4.09 mg/L, pH 7.3 to 8.16, ammonia 0.3 to 1 mg/L, nitrite 0.01 to 0.03 mg/L, phosphate 0.6 to 1 mg/L and alkalinity 119 to 187 mg/L. At the growth performances were evaluated by comparing mean final body weight, specific growth rate and food conversion ratio. The present study showed that the gold fish fry in T1 resulted the best mean final weight gain (1.188 g) followed by T2 (0.834 g) and T3 (0.686 g). The SGR ranged between 6.64 and 7.43% per day and FCR ranged between 3.56 and 4.12 with T1 showing the lowest FCR. The survival rate (%) ranged between 76.67% to 85.67%. From the present experiment it was found that individual fish growth rate was decreased with the increase of stocking density.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. December 2017, 3(4): 504-515

Inequalities and Impact of Socioeconomic-Cultural Factors in Suicide Rates Across Italy

Crisis ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 178-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio Pompili ◽  
Marco Innamorati ◽  
Monica Vichi ◽  
Maria Masocco ◽  
Nicola Vanacore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Rate ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Italian Population ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Age And Sex

Background: Suicide is a major cause of premature death in Italy and occurs at different rates in the various regions. Aims: The aim of the present study was to provide a comprehensive overview of suicide in the Italian population aged 15 years and older for the years 1980–2006. Methods: Mortality data were extracted from the Italian Mortality Database. Results: Mortality rates for suicide in Italy reached a peak in 1985 and declined thereafter. The different patterns observed by age and sex indicated that the decrease in the suicide rate in Italy was initially the result of declining rates in those aged 45+ while, from 1997 on, the decrease was attributable principally to a reduction in suicide rates among the younger age groups. It was found that socioeconomic factors underlined major differences in the suicide rate across regions. Conclusions: The present study confirmed that suicide is a multifaceted phenomenon that may be determined by an array of factors. Suicide prevention should, therefore, be targeted to identifiable high-risk sociocultural groups in each country.

Haemophilia Registry of the Medical Committee of the Swiss Haemophilia Society

2009 ◽  
Vol 29 (S 01) ◽  
pp. S16-S18 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Brand ◽  
N. von der Weid
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Mutation Analysis ◽  
Clinical Data ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Global Survey ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Severity Of The Disease

SummaryThe Swiss Haemophilia Registry of the Medical Committee of the Swiss Haemophilia Society was established in 2000. Primarily it bears epidemiological and basic clinical data (incidence, type and severity of the disease, age groups, centres, mortality). Two thirds of the questions of the WFH Global Survey can be answered, especially those concerning use of concentrates (global, per capita) and treatment modalities (on-demand versus prophylactic regimens). Moreover, the registry is an important tool for quality control of the haemophilia treatment centres.There are no informations about infectious diseases like hepatitis or HIV, due to non-anonymisation of the data. We plan to incorporate the results of the mutation analysis in the future.

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