scholarly journals High TROAP Expression Correlates With Shorter Survival in Patients With Glioma: A Study Based on Multiple Data Fusion Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhendong Liu ◽  
Runze Liu ◽  
Xingbo Cheng ◽  
Xiaoyu Lian ◽  
Yongjie Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Behavior ◽  
Normal Brain ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Who Grade ◽  
Multiple Data ◽  
Therapeutic Value ◽  
Mrna And Protein Expression ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Fusion Analysis

Abstract Trophinin-associated protein (TROAP) was originally identified to mediate the embryo transfer process and participate in the regulation of microtubules but was later found to be associated with the biological behavior of various types of cancers. However, there is limited information about the role of TROAP in glioma. In this study, thousands of glioma samples were obtained from multiple independent datasets to detect changes in TROAP mRNA and protein expression levels in glioma, we found that compared with normal brain tissues, the expression of TROAP in glioma was significantly increased at both levels. Then, the correlations between TROAP and clinical characteristics and prognosis in glioma were revealed through a series of bioinformatics analysis methods. The overexpression of TROAP was an independent risk factor for glioma and was associated with a reduced overall survival rate of glioma patients. In addition, TROAP had value for determining the prognosis of patients, especially patients with WHO grade III glioma. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to verify the expression level of TROAP in glioma cell lines. Subsequently, GSEA identified homologous recombination, cell cycle and p53 signalling pathways as differentially enriched with the high TROAP expression phenotype. Finally, four drugs that may inhibit TROAP expression and have potential therapeutic value for glioma were screened out through CMap website: bezafibrate, clobetasol, scriptaid, and thioguanosine. In conclusion, TROAP, as a new oncogene, leads to poor prognosis of glioma patients, and as a highly specific biomarker, provides the possibility for individual clinical treatment of glioma patients.

scholarly journals Protozoan pathogens Blastocystis and Giardia spp. in roof-harvested rainwater: the need to investigate the role of the common brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula) and other potential sources of zoonotic transmission

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 780-785
Author(s):  
Edward Waters ◽  
Warish Ahmed ◽  
Kerry Ann Hamilton ◽  
Deniss Plaksins ◽  
Damian Stark
Keyword(s):  
Entamoeba Histolytica ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Brushtail Possum ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Dientamoeba Fragilis ◽  
Cryptosporidium Spp ◽  
Blastocystis Spp ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Abstract Globally, protozoan pathogens are an increasingly important cause of reported disease outbreaks, with the majority of documented outbreaks between 2004 and 2010 reported in Australia. While the microbiological contamination of roof-harvested rainwater (RHRW) has been well studied, limited information is available regarding contamination with protozoan pathogens. In this study, rainwater (n = 134) and possum fecal samples (n = 20) were screened for the presence of several protozoan pathogens, including Blastocystis spp., Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia spp., Dientamoeba fragilis, and Entamoeba histolytica using the multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction. While Cryptosporidium spp. was only detected in two possum fecal samples (10%) and Giardia spp. was only detected in three RHRW samples (2.23%, n = 134), Blastocystis spp. was detected in both possum feces (25%) and RHRW (5.22%) samples. Dientamoeba fragilis and Entamoeba histolytica were not detected in any samples. These findings highlight protozoan pathogens as a potentially important area of focus for rainwater quality assessment. Furthermore, while possums are suggested as a potential source of Blastocystis spp. in RHRW, sources of this pathogen in RHRW warrant further investigation.

scholarly journals Expression of Talin-1 in endometriosis and its possible role in pathogenesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xian Tang ◽  
Qing Li ◽  
Lijie Li ◽  
Jianfa Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Cell Invasion ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
Endometrial Stromal Cells ◽  
Invasion And Migration ◽  
Proliferation And Apoptosis ◽  
Mrna And Protein Expression ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
And Migration

Abstract Background Endometriosis is a disease that involves active cell invasion and migration. Talin-1 can promote cell invasion, migration and adhension in various cancer cells, but its role in endometriosis has not been investigated. This study was to investigate the expression level of Talin-1 in endometriosis and the role of Talin-1 in the proliferation, adhesion, migration, and invasion of human endometrial stromal cells (ESCs). Methods Ectopic and eutopic endometrial tissues were collected from women with endometriosis, and the control endometrial tissues were obtained from patients without endometriosis. The expression level of Talin-1 was detected in each sample using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. The expression of Talin-1 was inhibited using RNA interference in ESCs, and its proliferation, apoptosis, adhesion, migration, and invasion capacity were analyzed. Western blotting was performed to detect the expression of related molecules after the downregulation of Talin-1. Results The results showed that the mRNA and protein expression of Talin-1 were significantly increased in the ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrial tissues compared with the controls. The knockdown of Talin-1 did not affect the proliferation and apoptosis of ESCs. The results indicated that the downexpression of Talin-1 inhibited the adhesion, invasion, and migration of ESCs. In addition, the expressions of N-cadherin, MMP-2, and integrin β3 were significantly lower after the deregulation of Talin-1, whereas the levels of E-cadherin were significantly increased. Conclusions The expression of Talin-1 was increased in the ectopic and eutopic endometrial tissues compared with the control endometrium. The downregulation of Talin-1 inhibited the adhesion, invasion, and migration of ESCs.

scholarly journals Meningiomas in Premenopausal Women: Role of the Hormone Related Conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Maiuri ◽  
Giuseppe Mariniello ◽  
Teresa Somma ◽  
Elia Guadagno ◽  
Sergio Corvino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Contraceptives ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Tumor Location ◽  
Biological Behavior ◽  
Pathological Findings ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Who Grade ◽  
Female Sex Hormones ◽  
Significant Difference

BackgroundSeveral epidemiological and pathological findings suggest that the female sex hormones may influence the development of meningiomas. However, the role of pregnancy, oral contraceptives, and fertilization therapies is still controversial.MethodsFrom the surgical series of 354 patients with meningiomas operated between 2006 and 2019, the group of 72 premenopausal women was separately considered. The tumor location, WHO grade, Ki67-labeling index (LI), progesterone receptor (PR) expression, and histological types were studied in premenopausal women with and without hormone-related conditions were compared.ResultsIn this premenopausal group, 24 patients had hormone-related conditions, including use of oral contraceptives in 16, intrauterine fertilization in one, pregnancy in three, and tumors of the female reproductive system in four. The group of patients with hormone-related conditions, as compared to that with no hormone related conditions, showed slightly lower median age (38 versus 43 years) and no significant difference of meningioma location WHO grade, Ki 67-Li, PR expression and histological type. The clinical onset during pregnancy in three patients and tumor growth during contraceptive progesterone therapy in two others were evidenced.ConclusionThe biological behavior of meningiomas and their pathological findings, including PR expression, are not correlated with the different hormone related conditions in premenopausal female patients. Contraceptives and fertilization therapies, mainly with progesterone, should be avoided in patients with meningiomas.

Expression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) in bovine oviducts is higher in the postovulatory phase than during the oestrus and luteal phase

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (8) ◽  
pp. 1521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asrafun Nahar ◽  
Hiroya Kadokawa
Keyword(s):  
Migration Inhibitory Factor ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor ◽  
Inhibitory Factor ◽  
Macrophage Migration ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Mrna And Protein Expression ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Fluorescent Immunohistochemistry

Whether macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) in the bovine oviduct is important for early embryogenesis has not been well substantiated. The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that bovine oviduct expresses higher levels of MIF during the post-ovulation phase. Both ampullary and isthmic samples were collected from Japanese black heifers during oestrus (Day 0; n = 5), postovulation (Day 3; n = 6) and luteal phase (Days 9–12; n = 5). MIF mRNA and protein were extracted from the ampullary and isthmic samples and their levels measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis respectively. Fluorescent immunohistochemistry was performed on frozen ampullary and isthmic sections using antibodies against MIF. MIF mRNA and protein expression was higher in the postovulatory phase than during oestrus and the luteal phase (P < 0.05). Fluorescent immunohistochemistry confirmed that in all phases of the oestrous cycle evaluated, the primary site of MIF expression in the ampulla and isthmus was the tunica mucosa. In conclusion, the bovine ampulla and isthmus have higher MIF expression during the postovulatory phase. Further studies are needed to clarify the role of MIF in bovine oviducts.

Aberrant epigenetic alteration of PAX1 expression contributes to parathyroid tumorigenesis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyanka Singh ◽  
Sanjay Kumar Bhadada ◽  
Ashutosh Kumar Arya ◽  
Uma Nahar Saikia ◽  
Naresh Sachdeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chromatin Immunoprecipitation ◽  
Promoter Region ◽  
Therapeutic Implications ◽  
Histone 3 ◽  
Bisulphite Sequencing ◽  
Parathyroid Adenomas ◽  
Mrna And Protein Expression ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Gland Development

Abstract Study Design Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) results from the hypersecretion of parathyroid hormone from parathyroid tumors. Transcription factor i.e. Paired box1 (PAX1) is active in the parathyroid gland development. In the present study, we analyzed the role of DNA methylation via bisulphite specific polymerase chain reaction (BSP) and histone modifications via chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) in regulating the differential expression of PAX1 in parathyroid adenomas tissues. Results The results showed that mRNA and protein expression of PAX1 was significantly reduced in parathyroid adenomas. Bisulphite sequencing demonstrated hypermethylation in the promoter region of PAX1 (35%; 14/40) and lower levels of histone 3 lysine 9 acetylation (H3K9ac) were observed on the promoter region of PAX1 (6-fold; P&lt; 0.004) in parathyroid adenomas. Furthermore, upon treatment with pharmacologic inhibitor i.e. 5’aza-2 deoxycytidine (DAC) in rat parathyroid continuous cells, we found re-expression of PAX1 gene. Conclusion Our study not only reveals expression of PAX1 is epigenetically deregulated but also paves a way for clinical and therapeutic implications in patients with PHPT.

scholarly journals Overexpression of microRNA-129-5p in glioblastoma inhibits cell proliferation, migration, and colony-forming ability by targeting ZFP36L1

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Guo ◽  
Haozhe Piao ◽  
Ye Zhang ◽  
Peixin Sun ◽  
Bing Yao
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Tumor Development ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
High Recurrence Rate ◽  
Normal Brain ◽  
Reverse Transcription Pcr ◽  
Mrna And Protein Expression ◽  
Brain Tissues

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly invasive cancer with a high recurrence rate. The prognosis of GBM patients remains poor, even after standard surgical resection combined with chemoradiotherapy. Thus, there is an urgent need for new therapeutic targets in GBM. In recent years, microRNAs have received considerable attention due to their important role in tumor development and progression. In this study, we investigated the role of miR-129-5p and miR-129-5p/ZFP36L1 axis in GBM tumorigenesis. Analysis of GSE103228 microarray data from the GEO database showed that miR-129-5p was significantly downregulated in GBM vs. normal brain tissues. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR analysis of miR-129-5p expression in seven GBM cell lines (LN229, A172, U87, T98G, U251, H4, and LN118) vs. normal human astrocytes (NHA) showed miR-129-5p was significantly downregulated in GBM cells. Overexpression of miR-129-5p in LN229 and A172 cells significantly suppressed cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and colony-forming ability. Target Scan analysis identified ZFP36L1 as the target of miR-129-5p. UALCAN dataset analysis found that ZFP36L1 was significantly upregulated in GBM vs. normal brain tissues, and high ZFP36L1 expression was positively associated with the poor survival of GBM patients. Western blot analysis demonstrated that ZFP36L1 was significantly upregulated in seven GBM cell lines vs. NHA. Overexpression of miR-129-5p in LN229 and A172 cells significantly inhibited ZFP36L1 mRNA and protein expression, while overexpression of ZFP36L1 in LN229 and A172 cells reversed miR-129-5p-mediated inhibition on GBM tumorigenesis. Our results revealed an important role of miR-129-5p in the negative regulation of ZFP36L1 expression in GBM, suggesting new candidates for targeted therapy in GBM patients.

Spatial and temporal dynamics of Pacific capelin Mallotus catervarius in the Gulf of Alaska: implications for ecosystem-based fisheries management

2020 ◽  
Vol 637 ◽  
pp. 117-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
DW McGowan ◽  
ED Goldstein ◽  
ML Arimitsu ◽  
AL Deary ◽  
O Ormseth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Gulf Of Alaska ◽  
Data Series ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Multiple Data ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Spawning Areas ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Pacific capelin Mallotus catervarius are planktivorous small pelagic fish that serve an intermediate trophic role in marine food webs. Due to the lack of a directed fishery or monitoring of capelin in the Northeast Pacific, limited information is available on their distribution and abundance, and how spatio-temporal fluctuations in capelin density affect their availability as prey. To provide information on life history, spatial patterns, and population dynamics of capelin in the Gulf of Alaska (GOA), we modeled distributions of spawning habitat and larval dispersal, and synthesized spatially indexed data from multiple independent sources from 1996 to 2016. Potential capelin spawning areas were broadly distributed across the GOA. Models of larval drift show the GOA’s advective circulation patterns disperse capelin larvae over the continental shelf and upper slope, indicating potential connections between spawning areas and observed offshore distributions that are influenced by the location and timing of spawning. Spatial overlap in composite distributions of larval and age-1+ fish was used to identify core areas where capelin consistently occur and concentrate. Capelin primarily occupy shelf waters near the Kodiak Archipelago, and are patchily distributed across the GOA shelf and inshore waters. Interannual variations in abundance along with spatio-temporal differences in density indicate that the availability of capelin to predators and monitoring surveys is highly variable in the GOA. We demonstrate that the limitations of individual data series can be compensated for by integrating multiple data sources to monitor fluctuations in distributions and abundance trends of an ecologically important species across a large marine ecosystem.

Juvenile xanthogranuloma of the subdural spaces mimicking chronic hematoma with positive FDG uptake on PET: case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 449-453
Author(s):  
Jacob A. Kahn ◽  
Jeffrey T. Waltz ◽  
Ramin M. Eskandari ◽  
Cynthia T. Welsh ◽  
Michael U. Antonucci
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Juvenile Xanthogranuloma ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Advanced Imaging ◽  
Systemic Involvement ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Infancy And Early Childhood

The authors report an unusual presentation of juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG), a non–Langerhans cell histiocytosis of infancy and early childhood. This entity typically presents as a cutaneous head or neck nodule but can manifest with more systemic involvement including in the central nervous system. However, currently there is limited information regarding specific imaging features differentiating JXG from other neuropathological entities, with diagnosis typically made only after tissue sampling. The authors reviewed the initial images of a young patient with shunt-treated hydrocephalus and enlarging, chronic, extraaxial processes presumed to reflect subdural collections from overshunting, and they examine the operative discovery of a mass lesion that was pathologically proven to be JXG. Their results incorporate the important associated histological and advanced imaging features, including previously unreported metabolic activity on FDG PET. Ultimately, the case underscores the need to consider JXG in differential diagnoses of pediatric intracranial masses and highlights the potential role of PET in the initial diagnosis and response to treatment.

Beyond Promoter: The Role of Macrophage in Invasion and Progression of Renal Cell Carcinoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 588-596
Author(s):  
Haibao Zhang ◽  
Guodong Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Renal Cell ◽  
Cell Formation ◽  
Biological Behavior ◽  
Tumor Stem Cell ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Common

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the common urologic neoplasms, and its incidence has been increasing over the past several decades; however, its pathogenesis is still unknown up to now. Recent studies have found that in addition to tumor cells, other cells in the tumor microenvironment also affect the biological behavior of the tumor. Among them, macrophages exist in a large amount in tumor microenvironment, and they are generally considered to play a key role in promoting tumorigenesis. Therefore, we summarized the recent researches on macrophage in the invasiveness and progression of RCC in latest years, and we also introduced and discussed many studies about macrophage in RCC to promote angiogenesis by changing tumor microenvironment and inhibit immune response in order to activate tumor progression. Moreover, macrophage interactes with various cytokines to promote tumor proliferation, invasion and metastasis, and it also promotes tumor stem cell formation and induces drug resistance in the progression of RCC. The highlight of this review is to make a summary of the roles of macrophage in the invasion and progression of RCC; at the same time to raise some potential and possible targets for future RCC therapy.

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