scholarly journals The Role of the Motive of Reading in K. Paustovsky’s Novel Shining Clouds (1928)

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 28-35
Author(s):  
Nalegach Natalya V. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The Novel ◽  
Reading Experience ◽  
Inner World ◽  
High Level ◽  
Reading Circle

The article is devoted to the consideration of the artistic functioning of the reading motive in K. G.Paustovsky’s little-known novel Shining Clouds (1928). The motivational analysis undertaken in the work revealed the significance of the readers’ horizons of the characters of the work, not only for characterizing their inner world. In the case when it comes to the reading circle of the main characters, we can talk about the functions of plot prediction and create the pathos of romance. In this regard, mentioning the works by J. London, V. Hugo, E. T. A. Hoffmann, O. Henry, etc., is noteworthy. Since the plot of Shining Clouds is subordinated to the genre assignment of a detective-adventurous novel, the reading experience of such heroes as captain Kravchenko, Baturin and Berg allows you to actualize this form, performing the role of the genre framework in a work with a high level of lyrical digressions. Of particular note is the insertion text ‒ Nelidov’s diary, which simultaneously functions as the sought-after treasure and the actual text, in which engineering and art are organically combined. By virtue of this position in the structure of the novel, Nelidov’s diary enters into complex dialogical relations with other works read by heroes, which prompts a closer analysis of its fragments in comparison with the works of real writers. This comparison comes to the fore in the poem Galatea by L. Mei and the travelogue Journey to Arzrum by A. S. Pushkin, which allows you to see the place of the reading motive in the motif-thematic complex of creativity, as well as go to the author’s concept of a new person embodied in the image of Nelidov and a genuine value that encourages the heroes of the novel to go on a “treasure hunt”. Keywords: K. Paustovsky, motive, reading, novel, poetics

Ч. АЙТМАТОВДУН «ТООЛОР КУЛАГАНДА» РОМАНЫНДАГЫ ПЕЙЗАЖДЫК СҮРӨТТӨӨЛӨР

2020 ◽  
pp. 92-94
Author(s):  
Н. Алтыкеева ◽  
Б. Ниясалиева
Keyword(s):  
Full Moon ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Additional Tool ◽  
The Sublime ◽  
The World ◽  
State Of Mind ◽  
Inner World ◽  
Aesthetic Values

Аннотация. Макалада романдын мазмунунан орун алган пейзаждык сүрөттөөлөр талкууланат. Пейзаждык сүрөттөөлөр чыгарманын көркөмдүүлүгүн, эстетикалык баалуулугун арттыруу менен катар эле каармандардын образын тереңден ачып берүүдө, окуялардын өнүгүп-өсүшү жана алдыда боло турган окуялар тууралуу окурманга маалымат берүүдө кошумча каражат катары колдонулат. Жазуучу романда пейзаждык сүрөттөөлөрдү өтө кылдат колдонгону байкалат. Алсак, тоо адамдагы улуулук жана бийиктикти айгинелейт, толукшуган ай жан- дүйнөнүн бөксөрбөй толуп турушун көрсөтөт, ачык асмандын алай-дүлөй түшкөн көрүнүшкө айланышы - каармандын ички сезими, уйгу-туйгу ойлонуусу, жан дүйнөсүнүн бурганак болушун ачып көрсөтүүдө маанилүү болсо, чабалекейлердин тынымсыз учуп чабалакташы, жан алакетке түшүп чыйпылдашы – алдыда боло турган кырсыктуу окуя тууралуу кабар берсе, согуштун апааты жашыл шибердин, бак-дарактардын күлгө айланышы, чымчык-куштардын күздү күтпөй кайдадыр учуп кетип жатышы менен түшүндүрүлөт. Tүйүндүү сөздөр: пейзаж. роман, идея, легенда, эпилог, каарман, негизги окуялар. Аннотация. В статье дается пейзажное описание. Пейзажное описание используется в произведении как дополнительное средство эстетических ценностей и помогает раскрыть образы героев, и действия произведения. Писатель в романе тонко использует пейзажное описание. Например горы возвышенное и самое ценное в человеке, а полная луна – счастливое душевное состояние человека, а превращение безоблачного неба в бущующий вид – указывает, как неспокойно в душе главного героя, его беспокойные мысли, как бушует его внутренний мир, а ласточки неспокойно летающие, предвещают несчастье, птицы улетающие раньше времени, превращение зелёной травы, деревьев в пепел предвещают ужасы войны. Ключевые слова: пейзаж. роман, идея, легенда, эпилог, герой, главное событие Annotation. The article discusses the landscape description. The landscape description is used in the work as an additional tool for aesthetic values and helps to reveal the images of heroes, and in the development of the action of the work/ The writer in the novel subtly uses the landscape description. The mountains are the sublime and the most valuable in a person, and the full moon is a happy state of mind of a person, and the transformation of a cloudless sky into a raging view indicates how restless the soul of the protagonist is, his restless thoughts. How his inner world is raging, and the swallows are restlessly flying, foreshadow the misfortune, the birds flying away ahead of time, the transformation of green grass, trees in the forehead the horrors of war. This article describes the idea of the story "Do not kill" which is given instead of the epilogue in the novel "When the mountains fall" which was written by Ch.Aitmatov. It considers the role of a story that calls to live in peace and to end wars that are occurring in the world. Keywords: Landscapе, novel, idea, legend, epilogue, hero, main event.

scholarly journals The journey of Claire in the works of Gaito Gazdanov: the analysis of the female image of Claire in the novels “An Evening with Claire”, “Hannah”, and “The Fate of Salome”

Litera ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 162-170
Author(s):  
Ziwei Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The Past ◽  
Character Type ◽  
Female Image ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Inner World ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Gradual Transformation

  This article is dedicated to the analysis of the female image of Claire and its variant in the works of Gaito Gazdanov. This character type in the works of G. Gazdanov often resembles the past in the present, i.e. an important part of the “lost world” for the protagonist. However, deliberate examination allows following the gradual transformation of the authors attitude towards the character of Claire throughout his creative path. In the novel “Ab Evening with Clair”, the author adheres to priority of that past world over the present, while in the novel of his later period “The Fate of Salome”, the narrator tends to release from the shadow of the past. The underlying cause for such change lies in the transition of the writer from the romantic theurgical worldview towards phenomenal. In the later period, Gazdanov reconsidered the real world and justified the earthly existence due to the fact that submerging into the own inner world can entail loneliness and dissolution “Self” in one’s mind. The goal of this research consists in tracing the transformation of the role of Claire in the works of Gaito Gazdanov, as well as in description of different types of relations between the protatonist and the heroine in order to prove the evolution of the writer's reasoning on the problem of “two-worldness”. The relevance of this article consists in explication of the type of Claire in Gazdanov’s artistic system of “two-worldness” as a literary technique, as well as from the new perspective of studying the evolution the writer’s worldview.  

‘An Absolutely Private Thing’: Letters in Kate O'Brien's The Land of Spices

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-96
Author(s):  
Kelly Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Political Engagement ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Motivating Factors ◽  
Inner Life ◽  
World War ◽  
Public Writing ◽  
Ethical Imperative ◽  
Reading Experience ◽  
Individual Privacy

Kate O'Brien's 1941 The Land of Spices navigates spatial and emotional gaps through a series of letters that punctuate the narrative and offer evidence of the inner life of protagonist Helen Archer. Yet these letters also interrupt our reading experience in crucial ways, forcing us to consider the risks inherent in public writing, and the value of privacy a letter affords. Letters signal to us two motivating factors in the novel: a claim to absolute individual privacy, and, related to that claim, the ethical imperative to acknowledge social and political pressures and to engage with historical events. Through epistolary transactions and a twinned bildungsromane structure, O'Brien emphasizes that privacy and free will cannot be intellectually removed from social and political engagement. The Land of Spices uses letters to comment on the role of literature at a time of crisis, and the responsibility of Ireland in Europe as the continent descends into World War.

scholarly journals Musical code and musical ecfrasis in the novel by I. Franco “William Tell”

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
Verbal Description ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The People ◽  
Inner World ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Litmus Test ◽  
The One ◽  
Relationship Of

The article analyzes the novel by I. Franco “William Tell” through the prism of musical code and musical ecfrasis. So far, none of the French scholars has paid attention to the plot-forming role of the Rossini’s opera in the short story, but in the first part of the four-part short story the young couple is going to the opera, in the following parts Franco gradually reveals the heroine’s perception of the overture to the opera, and then its individual scenes. After the end of the opera, Olya novelistically unexpectedly, on the external-eventual plane of the novel, declares that she is not in love with Volodko, but on the internal, spiritual and psychological - thanks to the verbal description of the music and its perception by the heroes - this becomes natural. With the help of musical ecfrasis, the depth of Olya’s impression of the Rossini’s opera and the heroine’s psychological sensitivity to what she heard become clear. Moreover, Franco finds his “niche” in the image of the heroine's understanding of opera music: while foreign writers of the mid-19th century most often describe the feelings and emotions that heroes evoke in music, Franco, relying on picture programmability (landscapes of his native land and ideal representations of the heroine about family happiness), which Olya accompanies the heard music, reveals the rich inner world of the girl and her ideals. Rossini’s romantic heroic-patriotic opera “Wilhelm Tell”, her musical images and stage performance become a litmus test in the novel: the relationship of the characters to the opera performance, impressions of it become an important way of revealing their characters. Volodka’s superficial attitude to music as entertainment, on the one hand, and Olya’s ability under the influence of music to see the true meaning of life, correcting her worldview from pastorally romantic to heroic-romantic, on the other hand, make it possible to understand the different life positions of the heroes - the intellectual adaptive Volodka’s service to the people of Olya, and, in fact, the ideological and artistic concept of the writer himself.

scholarly journals Children of “Toxic Parents”: An Attempt of Interpretation of “The Unconsoled” by Kazuo Ishiguro

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 281-301
Author(s):  
Barbara Myrdzik
Keyword(s):  
The Novel ◽  
Kazuo Ishiguro ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
Professional Success ◽  
Life Problems ◽  
The World ◽  
Inner World ◽  
Professional Fulfillment ◽  
The City

The article constitutes an attempt to interpret the novel by Kazuo Ishiguro The Unconsoled – a work with a complex plot and a multi-threaded structure, typical for a composition stretched on the frame of the rhizome-like labyrinth and the motif of memory imperfections. The labyrinth is a space of strangeness, of being lost. It is a journey of the main character who wanders around various spaces of the city and hotel (which performs a variety of functions), meets many random people and listens to their accounts. The life problems of the city’s inhabitants indicate the eternal truth, according to which a man cannot live without understanding, without talking to someone kind who has the ability to listen. They were looking for someone who would listen and understand them, someone who would kindly respond to their problems. It may also be assumed that living in a world without the feeling of a lack of transcendence, the inhabitants were looking for an authority like a messiah who would indicate the direction of renewal in the world of chaos and who would answer the question: How to live? The novel describes a cultural crisis triggered by the feeling of a fundamental contradiction between the world of scientific truths and the inner world of every human being. Values such as faith, friendship, selflessness, truthfulness or family, to which Ishiguro pays a lot of attention, have been lost. “Toxic parents” are shown in multiple configurations: on the example of Ryder’s parents, or Ryder himself as the father of Boris and Stephan Hoffman. The author shows one of the major causes of the paternity crisis, namely the cult of professional success. Professional success and rivalry connected with it completely absorb Ryder’s life and activities. As a result of the pursuit of professional fulfillment, the role of emotional ties in his life becomes less significant, they almost disappear. It may be assumed that, using the example of the crisis in the described city, Ishiguro presents the contemporary world, which lost the sense of life; however, he did not limit it to the lost past. The world in which all attempts to search for a new form of expression and valorization end in failure. It is a labyrinthine, objectified world which is only given outside, a world of showing off and a “game” of pretending, without honesty and simplicity. It is a place dominated by a pose and culture of narcissism, full of inauthenticity, artificiality and appearance. In addition, The Unconsoled is a poignant novel about human loneliness.

scholarly journals social and cultural issues in ‘The Slave Yards’

Twejer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 807-850
Author(s):  
Abdullah Bairam Younis ◽  
◽  
Amir Ahmed Hamad Amin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
The Other ◽  
Narrative Form ◽  
Social Meaning ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Cultural Issues ◽  
Popular Songs ◽  
The Social ◽  
High Level

The novel of ‘The Slave Yards’ by Najwa Bin Shatwan, is not only a biographic of his daughter Atiqa, in which they were lived through depression, and misery. Also, it is not a narration of Libya’s history, while the novel is about the intellectual, social and cultural issues. The author tried to present that matters in a high level. In general, that novel can be distinguished with the other novels in numerous social references, and the ability to identify them in a narrative form, in which the social references are related to the relationships of individuals with each other. The author tried to control the events, and to link the role of the characters to each other. Also, the author presents the events which they are imposed by reality, and in any changes their real social meaning will be changed as well. In this regard, we highlight those issues into two points: the first one is highlighting the traditions and customs, and the second one is highlighting the folklore songs, myths, and religious places. Key Words: Slave Carpets, Social references, Myths, Popular Songs, Customs

scholarly journals “Looking ‘Foreword’ to Milton in Toni Morrison’s Paradise”

Religions ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 562
Author(s):  
Reginald A. Wilburn
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Literary Criticism ◽  
John Milton ◽  
Paradise Lost ◽  
American Studies ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Literary Influence ◽  
Reading Experience

Prior to the 2014 republication of Toni Morrison’s, Paradise, the novelist had not published any commentary about the role of literary influence John Milton might have had on her fictional writings. In a foreword to the republication of her 1997 novel, Morrison offers her first published acknowledgement of Milton’s influence on any work in her canon. My essay contends this Miltonic revelation constitutes a groundbreaking event in literary criticism. I explore the critical significance of this revelation by explicating the foreword, Milton’s significance within it, and its implications for reading the 17th-century epic writer’s (in)visible influential presence throughout Paradise. Placing particular emphasis on the interpretive significance of Morrison’s womanist critique of Milton’s portrayal of Eve, my essay turns to a focus on the Convent women as interrogated replicas of the first mother presented in Paradise Lost. This analysis of the novel enlarges the grounds of contention in Milton and African American studies, providing a richer interpretive reading experience that has never been cited or examined in existing literary criticism prior to now.

scholarly journals Platelet desialylation and TFH cells–the novel pathway of immune thrombocytopenia

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuwen Chen ◽  
Jianda Hu ◽  
Yingyu Chen
Keyword(s):  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Immune Thrombocytopenia ◽  
Poor Response ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Cell Level ◽  
Follicular Helper ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Primary Immune Thrombocytopenia ◽  
High Level

AbstractImmune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disease characterized by immune-mediated destruction of one’s own platelets. The progression of thrombocytopenia involves an imbalance of platelet production and clearance. B cells can induce autoantibodies, and T cells contribute to the pathological progression as well. Some patients with ITP have a poor response to common first-line therapies. Recent studies have shown that a novel Fc-independent platelet clearance pathway is associated with poor prognosis in these patients. By this pathway, desialylated platelets can be cleared by Ashwell-Morell receptor (AMR) on hepatocytes. Research has demonstrated that patients with refractory ITP usually have a high level of desialylation, indicating the important role of sialylation on platelet membrane glycoprotein (GP) in patients with primary immune thrombocytopenia, and neuraminidase 1(NEU1) translocation might be involved in this process. Patients with ITP who are positive for anti-GPIbα antibodies have a poor prognosis, which indicates that anti-GPIbα antibodies are associated with this Fc-independent platelet clearance pathway. Experiments have proven that these antibodies could lead to the desialylation of GPs on platelets. The T follicular helper (TFH) cell level is related to the expression of the anti-GPIbα antibody, which indicates its role in the progression of desialylation. This review will discuss platelet clearance and production, especially the role of the anti-GPIbα antibody and desialylation in the pathophysiology of ITP and therapy for this disease.

scholarly journals IMAGES OF CONTEMPORARY ARTISTS IN THE NOVEL ‘THE WHITE MONKEY’ BY JOHN GALSWORTHY

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 95-106
Author(s):  
Irina A. Novokreshchennykh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The Novel ◽  
Art Nouveau ◽  
Art Deco ◽  
Gustave Courbet ◽  
Inner World ◽  
Dutch Painter ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Aesthetic Concepts ◽  
Contemporary Artists

The article analyzes the image system in Galsworthy’s novel The White Monkey with a focus on aesthetic directions of modernism and decadence as presented in the text. The novel creates images depicting representatives of new trends in music and visual arts. The study takes into account the names of the artists mentioned by Galsworthy himself and their relationship with real artists. The coexistence of aesthetic concepts in the artistic world of the novel was a response to the struggles in English culture in the first third of the 20th century. Intergenerational conflict is exacerbated by the clash of aesthetic concepts. It is shown how the work of fictional Vertiginist artists (Frederic Wilmer, Claude Brains) reflects Vorticism. The Vorticists identified themselves as the artists of the future, like the Italian Futurists and Russian Cubo-Futurists. The Vertiginist painter Frederic Wilmer is compared to the realist painter Hubert Marsland, whose pictures resemble the works of the Dutch painter Matthijs Maris and the French painter Gustave Courbet. The role of Claude Brains and his works in the inner world of the novel is connected with the use of modernist techniques in style and narration – fragmentation, montage, speed and movement of time. Aubrey Green’s work reflects the perception of the traditions of the Renaissance, Impressionism, Cubism, Art Nouveau graphics, Art Deco. Galsworthy depicts Vertiginists satirically, showing his preference for the character of Aubrey Green with with his mix of different styles. The model Victorine Biсket resembles E. Manet’s model Victorine Meurent. In contrast to the modern art deco trend, Victorine may become a key artistic type of the era, as the female images of Aubrey Beardsley and Charles Dana once became such types. Galsworthy does not unequivocally reject contemporary art. Through the relationship between the past and the present, he expresses his attitude towards contemporary artists.

scholarly journals БИЛВОСИТА НУТҚ — “ЛОЛАЗОР” РОМАНИДА БЕВОСИТА ПСИХОЛОГИЗМ КЎРИНИШЛАРИДАН БИРИ СИФАТИДА

2019 ◽  
pp. 195-203
Author(s):  
Mavlon Bobokhonov
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Inner Speech ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Direct Speech ◽  
Indirect Speech ◽  
Inner World

Мақолада ўзиники бўлмаган кўчирма гапнинг персонаж ички оламини тасвирлашдаги ўрни ўрганилган. Психологизм бевосита кўриниши ҳисобланадиган ички нутқнинг роман қаҳрамонлари руҳиятини очишдаги роли аниқланган. Ўзиники бўлмаган кўчирма гап адабиётшуносликда билвосита муаллиф нутқи сифатида қўлланилишига изоҳ берилиб, соҳа мутахассисларининг бу борадаги фикрларига муносабат билдирилган. Билвосита нутқнинг “Лолазор” романида бевосита психологизм кўринишларидан бири сифатида келиши исботланган. В статье изучается место несобственно-прямой речи в изображении внутреннего мира персонажа. Раскрывается роль этого вида внутренней речи, являющегося разновидностью психологизма. Разъясняется, что несобственно-прямая речь используется в литературоведении как косвенная речь, даётся собственная точка зрения по поводу того, как специалисты отностятся к этому явлению. Утверждается, что косвенная речь является разновидностью прямого психологизма в романе “Край, покрытый тюльпанами”. The article examines the place of indirect speech in the image of the character's inner world. The role of this type of inner speech, which is a kind of psychologism, is revealed. It is explained that improperly direct speech is used in literary criticism as indirect speech, and given own point of view about how specialists relate to this phenomenon. It is argued that indirect speech is a kind of direct psychologism in the novel “The Edge Covered with Tulips”.

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