scholarly journals The Influence of the Ring Road on the growth of pine stands in Zhernovsky district forestry

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
В.В. Полякова ◽  
С.Г. Шурыгин
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Radial Increment ◽  
Construction Technology ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Ring Road ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Surrounding Areas

В связи с увеличением территорий крупных городов все больше изымается площадей биогеоценозов под строительство линейных объектов (городская инфраструктура). Это ведет к увеличению нагрузки на биогеоценозы прилегающих к объектам территорий. Одним из наиболее значимых линейных объектов Санкт-Петербурга является кольцевая автодорога (далее – КАД). Строительство и функционирование КАД приводит к нарушению связей между компонентами биогеоценозов и к изменению самих биогеоценозов. В настоящей работе изучалось влияние кольцевой автодороги вокруг Санкт- Петербурга на компонент биогеоценоза – сосновый древостой. В качестве количественного показателя роста соснового древостоя были выбраны радиальные приросты, так как их параметры отражают качество условий произрастания. При анализе радиальных приростов сосновых древостоев, помимо положения от КАД, были учтены климатические условия. Корреляционный анализ подтвердил значимую достоверную связь между радиальными приростами древостоев участка 3 и средней температурой за вегетационный период на 25%. Также корреляционный анализ подтвердил значимую достоверную связь между радиальными приростами древостоев участка 6 и суммарным количеством осадков за вегетационный период на 30%. Дисперсионный анализ показал, что влияние КАД на приросты сосновых древостоев на подтопленных опытных участках 5 и 6 достоверно и составляет 38 и 30% соответственно от всех внешних факторов, влияющих на рост древостоев. Таким образом, полученные результаты подтверждают достоверное влияние КАД, построенное с технологическими нарушениями, так как насыпь КАД на рассматриваемых участках послужила дамбой, подпирающий поток почвенно-грунтовых вод, на рост сосновых древостоев. Наиболее изменчивы приросты древостоев на подтопляемых участках с нарушенным водно-воздушным режимом. The territory of large cities is increasing, larger areas of biogeocenoses are used for the construction of linear objects (urban infrastructure). This leads to an increase of the load on the ecosystems of surrounding areas. The most significant linear object of the city of St. Petersburg is the Ring Road. The construction and operation of the Ring Road leads to the disruption of the links between the components of biogeocenoses and to changes in biogeocenoses themselves. In this paper the influence of the Ring Road of St. Petersburg on the component of biogeocenosis – pine stands was studied. The quantitative indicator of pine stands growth is radial increment. Parameters of radial increment reflect the quality of growing conditions. The influence of position of the Ring Road and climatic conditions on the radial increments of pine stands was taken into account. The correlation analysis revealed a significant reliable relationship between the radial increments of the pine stands of site 3 and the average temperature over the vegetation period by 25%. Also, the correlation analysis revealed a significant reliable relationship between the radial increments of the stands of site 6 and the total amount of precipitation temperature over the vegetation period by 30%. Single-factor analysis of variance showed that the influence of the Ring Road on the growth of pine stands of underflooded sites 5 and 6 is reliable and is 38 and 30%, respectively, of all external factors affecting the growth of stands. The Ring Road was built with the construction technology infringement. The road embankment works as a dam on the way of soil water and groundwater. The obtained results confirm the reliable influence of the Ring Road on the growth of pine stands. The most significant deviation of the increments of stands was on underflooded sites with disturbed water and air conditions.

scholarly journals Infl uence of weather and climatic conditions of the vegetation period on susceptibility of soybean to peronosporosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 36-42
Author(s):  
A. S. Korobeinikov ◽  
L. F. Ashmarina
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Clear Correlation ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Diffi Cult

The infl uence of the weather and climatic conditions of the growing season on the prevalence and development of peronosporosis of the soybean in Western Siberia was studied. The studies took place during the growing seasons of 2014–2019. The objects of the research were SibNIIK-315 fodder soybean variety as well as diseases affecting leaves. The layout of the experiment involved conducting fi eld research in combination with mathematical methods for analyzing the data obtained. The parameters determining climatic conditions were the Selyaninov hydrothermal coeffi cient, average temperatures, and the amount of precipitation. For each year of the research, the Selyaninov hydrothermal coeffi cient was determined, a complex of soybean phytopathogens and their main types were identifi ed, the data on the annual prevalence and development of peronosporosis was obtained. The studies have shown the heterogeneity of the main factors affecting soybean. In this regard, it was found necessary to conduct a correlation analysis to identify the relationship between the moisture content of the growing season and soybean susceptibility. According to the results of the correlation analysis, a clear correlation was noted between the prevalence and development of peronosporosis and all the characteristics of the vegetation period in June. This may indicate a high role of the climatic conditions of this month in the formation of disease symptoms. There was a lack of correlation between the development of peronosporosis and the climatic conditions of July and August, which is explained by higher temperatures in these months in all the years of research. At the end of August – beginning of September there is a phase of full ripeness of soybean. In this period, the development of peronosporosis is diffi cult due to the physiological processes of plant wilting, therefore it was almost impossible to trace the connection between the development of the disease and climatic conditions.

Tree-ring model interprets growth decline in natural stands of loblolly pine in the southeastern United States

1989 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 612-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Zahner ◽  
Joseph R. Saucier ◽  
Richard K. Myers
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Stand Density ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Radial Increment ◽  
Aggregate Model ◽  
Ring Model ◽  
Pine Stands

Annual ring widths and ring areas from 131 even-aged, natural, well-stocked stands of loblolly pine (Pinustaeda L.) in the Piedmont region were analyzed to reveal possible causes of a previously reported decline in radial growth. A linear aggregate model was used to separate independent factors that are known to contribute to radial growth variation in this species. Stand, site, and climatic conditions were reconstructed for each stand for the 36-year period 1949–1984 from previous inventories and from weather records at appropriately located stations. Within each of six 5-year age-classes, the model identified declines in both ring width and ring area associated with stand density, climate changes, and the passage of time. Regional climate first ameliorated this decline as pine stands passed from droughty conditions early in the 36-year period to a favorable climate during the middle of the period, and the decline accelerated later with the return of dry conditions toward the end of the period. The tree-ring model simulates a decline in radial increment in trees in natural pine stands between the ages of 20 and 45 years in the Piedmont which has averaged 1% per year since 1950. Part of the downward trend was attributed to increased competition, part to regional drought, and a considerable part to unidentified factors, possibly regional atmospheric deposition.

scholarly journals Effect of natural and growing conditions on the contentof phenolics in potatoes with different flesh colour

2010 ◽  
Vol 56 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 368-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Hamouz ◽  
J. Lachman ◽  
K. Hejtmánková ◽  
K. Pazderů ◽  
M. Čížek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorogenic Acid ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Mountainous Area ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Flesh Colour ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
The Impact

In precise field trials in the Czech Republic from 2004–2008 the impact of location conditions, varieties with yellow, purple and red flesh and mineral fertilization on the content of total polyphenols (TP) and chlorogenic acid was investigated. The highest TP contents were reported at two locations with extreme climatic conditions; in those under stress due to low temperatures in the vegetation period at the mountainous area Stachy (5.89 mg TP/g DM) and those under drought stress in the warm lowland location Přerov nad Labem with light sandy soil (5.81 mg TP/g DM). The five-year experiment with the purple-fleshed Valfi variety (13.29 mg TP/g DM) reached 2.46 to 3.18 times higher content of TP in comparison with eight yellow-fleshed varieties. The yellow-fleshed Karin variety (5.39 mg TP/g DM) outperformed TP content of other yellow-fleshed varieties by 3.1 to 29.1%. In another experiment conclusive differences between the eight varieties with purple and red flesh were found; the highest TP content was detected in cv. Violette (25.9 mg TP/g DM) with the darkest purple flesh. As to the chlorogenic acid content similar relationships between varieties were found as in the case of TP. High linear correlation (r = 0.8536) was found between the content of chlorogenic acid and the content of TP. Among the treatments of mineral N, P, K and Mg fertilization, the content of TP was only affected by a treatment with a higher dose of K and Mg, causing a decrease in TP content.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF SEED GERMINATION AND EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT OF REPRESENTATIVES OF THE FAMILY RANUNCULACEAE

Ekosistemy ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 100-110
Author(s):  
A. A. Erst
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Embryo Development ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Morphophysiological Dormancy ◽  
The Family ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Growing Conditions

The ability of seeds to maintain viability for a long time without germination is one of the most important adaptive properties of plants. The article analyzes the dormancy types of seeds of the Ranunculacea family and describes the key factors affecting seed germination and embryo development (warm and cold stratification, exposure to gibberellic acid) under artificially created conditions. It is noted that five levels of seed morphophysiological dormancy are described for the representatives of this family: non-deep simple, deep simple, deep simple epicotyl, intermediate complex and deep complex, which are mainly associated with adaptation to survival in difficult climatic conditions. In the review, various types of dormancy are considered in terms of their adaptive significance for representatives of the Ranunculacea family. To overcome each type of dormancy, a set of optimal conditions is necessary, which correlates with the growing conditions of species or individual populations in natural conditions. Therefore, the development of techniques for overcoming the seeds dormancy under artificial conditions is closely related with the study of the ecology of a particular species and the natural conditions of growth. The analysis of literature data revealed a significant problem: 40 % of the analyzed sources did not indicate the type of dormancy of seeds of the representatives of the Ranunculaceae family and, probably, the list of morphophysiological dormancy levels will be supplemented in the course of further studies.

scholarly journals The effect of hydrothermal coefficient on productivity of maize hybrids of various groups of ripeness

2020 ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
G. Ya. Krivosheev ◽  
N. A. Shevchenko
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Hydrothermal Coefficient ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Early Ripening ◽  
Growing Conditions

The improvement of the breeding programs, selection of the optimal group of ripeness depends on the soil and climatic conditions for which varieties and hybrids are developed. One of the most important indicators of climatic conditions is the hydrothermal coefficient (HTC). The purpose of the current study was to analyze the effect of HTC on the productivity of maize hybrids of various groups of ripeness. The studies were carried out in 2014–2019 at the Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” located in the southern zone of the Rostov Region, characterized by unstable moisture. The objects of the study were 96 interlinear maize hybrids of three groups of ripeness, namely an early ripening group (FAO 150), a middle-early ripening group (FAO 200) and a middle ripening group (FAO 300). There was a systematic use of variants in the trials. The weather conditions of the years 2014 and 2018 could be estimated as arid (HTC = 0.32–0.57). The years 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2019 were of medium aridity (HTC = 0.58–0.89). The HTC determined only for the entire vegetation period did not allow estimating objectively the growing conditions. There has been required a more detailed analysis of the HTC for the periods (months) of vegetation. On average, over the years of study, the middle ripening maize hybrids were characterized with the largest grain productivity (3.98 t/ha). The early ripening maize hybrids were characterized with the smallest productivity (3.31 t/ha). The middle-early ripening hybrids were characterized with the average value (3.80 t/ha). However, in different years, the maximum grain yields were produced by the hybrids of various groups of ripeness, including by the early ripening varieties, that depended on the amount of HTC in different vegetation periods. There have been identified average positive correlation coefficients between the HTC values and maize hybrids’ productivity (r = 0.64–0.74). The use of maize hybrids of various groups of ripeness can stabilize the gross harvest of maize.

Factors Affecting The Sustainability Of The Asphalt Roads: A Case Study Of Irbid Inner Ring Road, Jordan

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 93-94
Author(s):  
Eng. Nasr Ahmad Eng. Nasr Ahmad ◽  
◽  
Dr. Mihai Iliescu
Keyword(s):  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Ring Road

DROUGHT OCCURRENCE UNDER LITHUANIAN CLIMATIC CONDITIONS

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laima TAPARAUSKIENĖ ◽  
Veronika LUKŠEVIČIŪTĖ
Keyword(s):  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Precipitation Record ◽  
Calculation Step ◽  
Drought Conditions ◽  
The Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
June July

This study provides the analysis of drought conditions of vegetation period in 1982-2014 year in two Lithuanian regions: Kaunas and Telšiai. To identify drought conditions the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) was applied. SPI was calculated using the long-term precipitation record of 1982–2014 with in-situ meteorological data. Calculation step of SPI was taken 1 month considering only vegetation period (May, June, July, August, September). The purpose of investigation was to evaluate the humidity/aridity of vegetation period and find out the probability of droughts occurrence under Lithuanian climatic conditions. It was found out that according SPI results droughts occurred in 14.5 % of all months in Kaunas region and in 15.8 % in Telšiai region. Wet periods in Kaunas region occurred in 15.8 %, and in Telšiai region occurrence of wet periods was – 18.8 % from all evaluated months. According SPI evaluation near normal were 69.7 % of total months during period of investigation in Kaunas and respectively – 65.5 % in Telšiai. The probability for extremely dry period under Lithuania climatic conditions are pretty low – 3.0 % in middle Lithuania and 2.4 % in western part of Lithuania.

Impact of climatic conditions on the parameters of failure flow of military vehicles

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440702110202
Author(s):  
Nikolaj Dobrzinskij ◽  
Algimantas Fedaravicius ◽  
Kestutis Pilkauskas ◽  
Egidijus Slizys
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Technical Equipment ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Military Vehicles ◽  
Equipment Reliability ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
The Impact

Relevance of the article is based on participation of armed forces in various operations and exercises, where reliability of machinery is one of the most important factors. Transportation of soldiers as well as completion of variety of tasks is ensured by properly functioning technical equipment. Reliability of military vehicles – armoured SISU E13TP Finnish built and HMMWV M1025 USA built were selected as the object of the article. Impact of climatic conditions on reliability of the vehicles exploited in southwestern part of the Atlantic continental forest area is researched by a case study of the vehicles exploitation under conditions of the climate of Lithuania. Reliability of military vehicles depends on a number of factors such as properties of the vehicles and external conditions of their operation. Their systems and mechanisms are influenced by a number of factors that cause different failures. Climatic conditions represent one of the factors of operating load which is directly dependent on the climate zone. Therefore, assessment of the reliability is started with the analysis of climatic factors affecting operating conditions of the vehicles. Relationship between the impact of climatic factors and failure flow of the vehicles is presented and discussed.

scholarly journals Estimation of Electricity Generation by an Electro-Technical Complex with Photoelectric Panels Using Statistical Methods

Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1278
Author(s):  
Anna Turysheva ◽  
Irina Voytyuk ◽  
Daniel Guerra
Keyword(s):  
Random Distribution ◽  
Graphical Representation ◽  
Random Variable ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Characteristic Energy ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Solar Systems ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Technical Complex

This paper presents a computational tool for estimating energy generated by low-power photovoltaic systems based on the specific conditions of the study region since the characteristic energy equation can be obtained considering the main climatological factors affecting these systems in terms of the symmetry or skewness of the random distribution of the generated energy. Furthermore, this paper is aimed at determining any correlation that exists between meteorological variables with respect to the energy generated by 5-kW solar systems in the specific climatic conditions of the Republic of Cuba. The paper also presents the results of the influence of each climate factor on the distribution symmetry of the generated energy of the solar system. Studying symmetry in statistical models is important because they allow us to establish the degree of symmetry (or skewness), which is the probability distribution of a random variable, without having to make a graphical representation of it. Statistical skewness reports the degree to which observations are distributed evenly and proportionally above and below the center (highest) point of the distribution. In the case when the mentioned distribution is balanced, it is called symmetric.

Tree-Ring Formation, Radial Increment Periodicity, and Phenology of Tree Species from a Seasonal Semi-Deciduous Forest in Southeast Brazil

IAWA Journal ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio S. Lisi ◽  
Mário Tomazello Fo ◽  
Paulo C. Botosso ◽  
Fidel A. Roig ◽  
Vivian R.B. Maria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Rings ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Growth Ring ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Tree Age ◽  
Radial Increment ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Southeast Brazil

Many tropical tree species produce growth rings in response to seasonal environmental factors that influence the activity of the vascular cambium. We applied the following methods to analyze the annual nature of treering formation of 24 tree species from a seasonal semi-deciduous forest of southeast Brazil: describing wood anatomy and phenology, counting tree rings after cambium markings, and using permanent dendrometer bands. After 7 years of systematic observations and measurements, we found the following: the trees lost their leaves during the dry season and grew new leaves at the end of the same season; trunk increment dynamics corresponded to seasonal changes in precipitation, with higher increment (active period) during the rainy season (October–April) and lower increment (dormant period) during the dry season (May–September); the number of tree rings formed after injuries to the cambium coincided with the number of years since the extraction of the wood samples. As a result of these observations, it was concluded that most study trees formed one growth ring per year. This suggests that tree species from the seasonal semi-deciduous forests of Brazil have an annual cycle of wood formation. Therefore, these trees have potential for use in future studies of tree age and radial growth rates, as well as to infer ecological and regional climatic conditions. These future studies can provide important information for the management and conservation of these endangered forests.

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