scholarly journals Business Innovations for Unfolding Stratums of Human Development Indicators: a Worldwide Empirical Analysis

2020 ◽  
pp. 11-21
Author(s):  
Muhammad Sajjad ◽  
Orangzab ◽  
Muhammad Irfan Chani
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Generalized Methods Of Moments ◽  
Human Skills ◽  
Global Entrepreneurship ◽  
Methods Of Moments

Role of entrepreneurial innovations for human development is still invisible and subject to be investigated. This study uniquely unfolds the stratums of human development indicators caused by the activities of entrepreneurship. For this very purpose, the study utilizes the panel data of human development and entrepreneurship from 129 countries ranging for the years of 2016 to 2018. The human development has been measured through the human development index (HDI), and this data has been accessed from indicators of United nations development program (UNDP). The data of global entrepreneurial innovations (GEI) has been accessed from the global entrepreneurship and development index (GEDI). Both HDI and GEI comprised of composite indexes. GEI is the composite index with three sub-indices and 14 pillars. The three sub-indices are attitudes, abilities and aspiration. Out of 14 pillars opportunity perception, startup skills, risk acceptance, networking and cultural support are associated with attitudes. Opportunity startup, technology absorption, human capital and competition are associated with abilities while production innovation, process innovation, high growth, internationalization and risk capital are associated with aspiration. Although, the data of the HDI index was initially developed since 1990. However, due to non-availability of GEI data, only three years of panel data were included in the study. HDI comprised of three basic dimensions which include the knowledge, standard of living and healthy life. Based on the literature, the study hypothesized that global entrepreneurship positively affects human development worldwide. This proposed relationship was measured through generalized methods of moments through EViews. The data trend had been measured through a scatter diagram, before measuring the specific relationship among the major variables of the study. Through this test, normality of the data ad outliers was also checked. Data dispersion and linearity was checked through the test of standard residuals. After checking the appropriateness of data, parameters of the study were estimated. Results showed a strong and positive correlation between entrepreneurship and human development. By applying generalized methods of moments, the analysis revealed that entrepreneurial innovations could explain the 68 per cent variation in human development. So, it can be safely said that entrepreneurship is an important cause to enhance the capabilities of humans and can ultimately improve HDI worldwide. It is suggested that the nations who want to improve the skills, capabilities and living standards of humans in their respective regions should devise the strategies to promote the entrepreneurial activities. Keywords entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial ventures, human development indicators, global entrepreneurship development index, human development index, human capabilities, human skills, human capital.

scholarly journals ANALISIS PENGARUH BELANJA PENDIDIKAN, BELANJA KESEHATAN, TINGKAT KEMISKINAN DAN PDRB TERHADAP IPM DI PROVINSI ACEH

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-69
Author(s):  
Muliza Muliza ◽  
Teuku Zulham ◽  
Chenny Seftarita
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Government Spending ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
City Governments ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Negative Effect

This study aims to look at the influence of the variables government spending on health and education, poverty and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the Human Development Index (HDI) in the province of Aceh. The analytical method used in this research is the analysis of the panel data regression model parameter estimation using a random effects model (REM). The data used is the panel data during the period 2010-2014. The results showed that the variables government spending on education and health sector no significant effect on the human development index, this happens because the district/city governments allocate their spending still more dominant that the type of expenditure that are not directly impact the IPM. While poverty variables significant negative effect on the human development index, then with reduced levels of poverty can enhance human development index. GRDP positive and significant effect on the human development index, which means that the GDP increases, IPM will also increase.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh dari variabel-variabel belanja pemerintah pada sektor kesehatan dan pendidikan, tingkat kemiskinan serta Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (PDRB) terhadap Indeks Pembangunan Manusia (IPM) di Provinsi Aceh. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis regresi data panel dengan estimasi parameter model menggunakan random effect model (REM). Data yang digunakan adalah data panel selama periode 2010-2014. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa variabel pengeluaran pemerintah di sektor pendidikan dan kesehatan tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap indeks pembangunan manusia, hal ini terjadi karena pemerintah kabupaten/kota masih lebih dominan mengalokasikan belanjanya yang pada jenis belanja yang secara tidak lansung memberikan pengaruh terhadap IPM. Sedangkan variabel kemiskinan berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap indeks pembangunan manusia, maka dengan menurunnya tingkat kemiskinan dapat meningkatkan indeks pembangunan manusia. PDRB berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap indeks pembangunan manusia, yang berarti PDRB meningkat maka IPM juga akan meningkat.

scholarly journals Nature's role in sustaining economic development

2010 ◽  
Vol 365 (1537) ◽  
pp. 5-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Partha Dasgupta
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Natural Capital ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Comprehensive Wealth ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Sub Saharan

In this paper, I formalize the idea of sustainable development in terms of intergenerational well-being. I then sketch an argument that has recently been put forward formally to demonstrate that intergenerational well-being increases over time if and only if a comprehensive measure of wealth per capita increases. The measure of wealth includes not only manufactured capital, knowledge and human capital (education and health), but also natural capital (e.g. ecosystems). I show that a country's comprehensive wealth per capita can decline even while gross domestic product (GDP) per capita increases and the UN Human Development Index records an improvement. I then use some rough and ready data from the world's poorest countries and regions to show that during the period 1970–2000 wealth per capita declined in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, even though the Human Development Index (HDI) showed an improvement everywhere and GDP per capita increased in all places (except in sub-Saharan Africa, where there was a slight decline). I conclude that, as none of the development indicators currently in use is able to reveal whether development has been, or is expected to be, sustainable, national statistical offices and international organizations should now routinely estimate the (comprehensive) wealth of nations.

scholarly journals Migrasi Migrasi Internasional Penduduk Pulau Jawa Menjadi Pekerja Migran Indonesia di Luar Negeri

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-115
Author(s):  
Fivien Muslihatinningsih ◽  
Juan Palem Sinaga ◽  
Nanik Istiyani
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Human Development ◽  
International Migration ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Minimum Wages ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Study Results

International migration by Indonesian Migrant Workers (PMI) not only has a positive impact on improving the economic conditions of PMI families but also contributes to developing the country's economy through PMI remittances. This study aims to determine the effect of Unemployment, minimum wages, poverty, and human development index on international migration of Indonesian Migrant Workers (PMI) on the island of Java. This study uses secondary data in the form of panel data, with time-series data (2010 - 2019) and cross-section data (6 provinces on Java island). The data analysis method uses a panel data regression with the Common Effect Model (CEM) approach. Statistical tests use simultaneous tests, partial tests, and the coefficient of determination. This study uses the classic assumption test, the multicollinearity test, the heteroscedasticity test, and the normality test. The study results concluded that simultaneously Unemployment, minimum wages, poverty, and the human development index had a significant effect on international migration. Partially, Unemployment and poverty have a positive and significant impact, minimum wages have a negative and significant effect, while the human development index has a positive and not significant effect on international migration.

Spatial Distribution of Human Development Index in the Regions of Russia

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 2594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nailya K. SHAMSUTDINOVA ◽  
Elmira I. ISIANGULOVA ◽  
Irina A. LAKMAN ◽  
Vadim B. PRUDNIKOV ◽  
Liana F. SADIKOVA
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Spatial Gradient ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Spatial Autoregressive ◽  
Geary’S C ◽  
Regions Of Russia

Spatial effects in human development levels among different regions of a territory are important to study in the context of the core-periphery model. We use different methods to study human development index (HDI) for 85 Russian regions. The authors studied the human development index (HDI) for 85 Russian regions. Methods of spatial statistics (econometrics) are used to estimate the ‘spatial gradient’ in economic geography (Moran’s global and local I, Geary’s C, Getis-Ord global G indices). As a weighting matrix we used a contiguity matrix, taking into account the HDI levels only in neighboring regions. Analysis of the global indices of Moran’s I, Geary’s C and Getis-Ord G and Morans scatter plots showed the presence of time-inconsistent spatial autoregressive dependence of the level of HDI in regions of Russia. The ‘spatial gradient’ of the level of human development in Russia is influenced by historically existing imbalances (due to strong oil and gas export-oriented nature of the economy) and insufficient use of human capital. To our view the regional differentiation in human development among the regions is caused primarily by the ‘catching up’ style of Russian economy: human capital is concentrated in regions with already high level of development, although in terms of growth rates Moscow and St. Petersburg are not the leaders. The territorial and geopolitical policies of Russian Federation also influence HDI distribution. For example, huge public investments in the regions of Russian Far East are often ineffective.

Self-Education As an Investment in Individual Human Capital

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-78
Author(s):  
Сухова ◽  
E. Sukhova ◽  
Сараева ◽  
N. Saraeva
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Practical Research ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Report Presentation

The subject of study is the human development index in Primorsky Krai. The paper focuses on the relationship between the concepts «human capital» and «human potential». The paper studied international experience, including the experience of the Russian Federation on the calculation of the human development index (HDI) based on the Human Development Report, presentation of programs of the United Nations (UNDP). The study shows the changes in the structure and methodology of calculating HDI since 2010. As an illustrative example, the index calculated for the Primorye Territory. The study revealed problems in the socio-economic development of the area and the ways of solving them. The measurement of each component of the HDI allows you to conduct further studies to fi nd out in what area of human capacity specifi cally, there are problems and why they are taking place. The paper used general theoretical (analysis, classifi cation, induction, deduction, etc.), as well as practical research methods (comparison and measurement).

scholarly journals MODERN SYSTEMS OF MONITORING THE HUMAN CAPITAL ASSESSMENT LEVEL IN THE HIGH-TECH SECTOR

2021 ◽  
pp. 75-81
Author(s):  
Alexey SHINKEVICH ◽  
◽  
Regina YAKUNINA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Development Program ◽  
High Tech ◽  
United Nations Development Program ◽  
Index Method ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Final Formula ◽  
Method Of Assessment

The article examines and describes the main systems of monitoring the human capital level, under which we represent the leading international organizations (United Nations Development Program, World Bank Analytical Group, World Economic Forum Research Group). The article presents a view on the problems of assessing the level of human capital using the index method of assessment. The purpose of this article is to analyze the systems for monitoring the level of human capital and modernize the index method for assessing the level of human capital, calculated annually by UNDP. As part of the human development index, two new components are proposed that more fully assess the state of the income index — the unemployment index and the wage index. The reason for the change in the calculation method is substantiated, and the final formula for calculating the human development index is derived.

scholarly journals Impact of human capital on economic growth: A case study of Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-69
Author(s):  
Raheela Khatoon ◽  
Iqbal Javed ◽  
Muhammad Munawar Hayat
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Development Index ◽  
The Impact

A country is prosperous if it has efficient development programs. Human capital contains resources like education, health, training, skills etc. For economic progress these qualities are very vital. Basic objective of this research is to explain the impact of human capital on growth and development of economics sector of the Pakistan. Because today in the developing countries, human development and growth has becomes the burning issues. To analyse the association between human capital and economic growth, used GDP as a dependent variable. This study further use Human development index as independent variable. Proxy of human development index consist of education index, health, fertility, infant mortality, life expectancy and sanitation. Our focus will be more on the education. Time series data for the years 1990-2019 were used. ARDL model was used by incorporating the human capital formation with other explanatory variables. The findings shows that the human capital has positive and significant impact on growth and the negative influence on the population and infant mortality rate.

scholarly journals ОЦЕНКА ВЛИЯНИЯ СФЕРЫ ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ НА ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЕ РАЗВИТИЕ СТРАНЫ

2019 ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
Ахмедова Эсмира М.
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Public Investment ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
The World ◽  
Socio Economic Development

This article indicates the results a comparative analysis the financing of the advanced countries of the world and similar indicators of Azerbaijan during the period active development of education and modernization of the economy. The methodology work is the fundamental works of foreign scientists, such as reports of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), human development index indicators in the field of determining and assessing the dependence of socio-economic development on public investment in education. It is displayed that Azerbaijan has resources and potential for growth of human capital, for social and economic development of the country. On the basis of the research, some conclusions and proposals are presented that contribute to improving the prospects for the economic development of Azerbaijan.

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