scholarly journals Changes in Selected Quality Attributes of Greenhouse Tomato Fruit as Affected by Pre- and Postharvest Environmental Conditions in Year-round Production

HortScience ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (12) ◽  
pp. 1698-1704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chieri Kubota ◽  
Mark Kroggel ◽  
Mohammad Torabi ◽  
Katherine A. Dietrich ◽  
Hyun-Jin Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Quality Attributes ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Influential Factor ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Postharvest Quality ◽  
Postharvest Storage

‘Durinta’ tomatoes were grown hydroponically using rockwool substrate in greenhouses to assess the seasonal and postharvest changes of selected quality attributes including lycopene and total soluble solids (TSS, % Brix) concentrations in fruit when grown under varied electrical conductivity (EC) in the nutrient solution. Two levels of EC examined in this study were 2.4 and 4.8 dS·m−1 for standard low EC and high EC treatments, respectively. All fruits at light-red and red ripeness stages were harvested and weighed every week, and nine fruits visually representing the median group of red fruits were selected from each EC treatment and subject to measurements of lycopene and TSS concentrations. Of 53 harvest weeks (Dec. 2005 to Dec. 2006), 45 weeks were subject to fruit quality analyses at harvest and 3 weeks were subject to postharvest quality analyses. Lycopene concentration and TSS showed seasonal differences with larger variation in lycopene, but the high EC treatment induced an overall average of 18% greater lycopene concentration and a 20% greater TSS. The regression analyses indicated that efflux solution EC (EEC) was the most influential factor for both lycopene and TSS concentrations, but secondary influential factors were greenhouse temperature for lycopene and daily light integral for TSS. Postharvest storage test showed that selected fruit quality attributes (lycopene, TSS, ascorbic acid, and total phenolics) changed minimally or not at all for 10 days when stored at 12 °C, a widely recommended tomato postharvest storage temperature. Overall, we consider that producing lycopene-rich tomato by controlling EC of nutrient solution was feasible during year-round greenhouse production using a high-wire rockwool culture system.

Effect of hyperbaric treatments on the quality attributes of tomato

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 541-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard Goyette ◽  
Clément Vigneault ◽  
Marie Thérèse Charles ◽  
Vijaya G. S. Raghavan
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Quality Attributes ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Postharvest Quality ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Hyperbaric Treatment ◽  
Acid Ratio ◽  
Significant Difference

Goyette, B., Vigneault, C., Charles, M. T. and Raghavan, V. G. S. 2012. Effect of hyperbaric treatments on the quality attributes of tomato. Can. J. Plant Sci. 92: 541–551. An experimental hyperbaric system was conceptualized, designed and built to explore the effect of hyperbaric treatment on the quality attributes of tomato. Tomato fruits at the early breaker stage were subjected to hyperbaric pressures of 1, 3, 5, 7 or 9 atmabs for different durations (5, 10 or 15 d) at 13°C. The effect of hyperbaric treatment on postharvest quality of tomato fruit was evaluated with an emphasis on weight loss, firmness, color, titratable acidity (TA) and total soluble solids (TSS). Hyperbaric treated tomato fruit ripened more slowly and were characterized by lower respiration rate than fruits kept under ambient conditions. Significant differences in weight loss, color, lycopene concentration and firmness were found between hyperbaric treated and control tomato fruit. No significant difference was found in the sugar/acid ratio (TSS/TA).

scholarly journals 355 Effect of UV-C on Ripening and Postharvest Quality of Peaches

HortScience ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 504D-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert C. Ebel ◽  
Floyd M. Woods ◽  
Dave Himelrick
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Skin Color ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Postharvest Quality ◽  
Before And After ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Uv C

Brown rot of peaches is one of the most devastating diseases that can occur before and after harvest. There has been extensive research that has shown that ultraviolet light (UV-C) kills the fungus that causes brown rot. However, it is has not been determined whether UV-C will also change ripening and fruit quality. We applied UV-C to `Loring' peaches that were harvested 10 days before normal harvest. We intentionally picked the fruit early because we wanted to make sure the fruit had not entered the climacteric. The fruit were treated with UV-C and ethylene, skin color, firmness, and soluble solids were measured. We also held fruit at three storage temperatures to determine whether there may be an interaction between UV-C treatment and storage temperature. Ethylene was slightly higher for UV-C treated fruit at 70 °F (20 °C) and 55 °F (12 °C), but not at 40 °F (4 °C). However, there was very little effect on firmness and soluble solids. There was a slight delay in development of red blush. UV-C had little effect on ripening and peach fruit quality.

Tomato fruit quality in relation to growing season, harvest period, ripening stage and postharvest storage

2020 ◽  
pp. 130
Author(s):  
Dimitrios Kasampalis ◽  
Pavlos Tsouvaltzis ◽  
Anastasios Siomos
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Ripening Stage ◽  
Postharvest Storage ◽  
Total Carotenoids ◽  
Relative Contribution

The effect of two growing seasons (spring and fall), two harvest periods (early and late), four fruit ripening stages at harvest (S1, S2, S3 and S4, according to OECD gauge) and postharvest storage (0 or 16 days at 12 °C) on quality characteristics of tomato fruits was determined in order to investigate its one’s relative contribution. According to the results, all factors significantly affected most of the quality components, but not at the same magnitude. Ripening stage at harvest had the most significant effect in firmness, pH, and in the ratio soluble solids to TA, the growing season only in dry matter content, the storage on pigments’ content (chlorophyll, total carotenoids, lycopene and β-carotene) while the harvesting period was not the main factor in any of the quality traits determined. In conclusion, either the ripening stage at harvest or the time elapsed until consumption had the most significant effect on tomato fruit quality, but both could not be assessed at the time of consumption.

scholarly journals Nutritional Quality of Field-grown Tomato Fruit as Affected by Grafting with Interspecific Hybrid Rootstocks

HortScience ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (12) ◽  
pp. 1618-1624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Desire Djidonou ◽  
Amarat H. Simonne ◽  
Karen E. Koch ◽  
Jeffrey K. Brecht ◽  
Xin Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Interspecific Hybrid ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Quality Attributes ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Fresh Market ◽  
Tomato Plants

In this study, the effects of grafting with interspecific hybrid rootstocks on field-grown tomato fruit quality were evaluated over a 2-year period. Fruit quality attributes from determinate ‘Florida 47’ tomato plants grafted onto either ‘Beaufort’ or ‘Multifort’ rootstocks were compared with those from non- and self-grafted controls. Grafted plants had higher fruit yields than non- and self-grafted plants, and increased production of marketable fruit by ≈41%. The increased yield was accompanied by few major differences in nutritional quality attributes measured for these fruit. Although grafting with the interspecific rootstocks led to consistently small, but significant increases of fruit moisture (≈0.6%), flavor attributes such as total titratable acidity (TTA) and the ratio of soluble solids content (SSC) to TTA were not significantly altered. Among the antioxidants evaluated, ascorbic acid concentration was reduced by 22% in fruit from grafted plants, but significant effects were not evident for either total phenolics or antioxidant capacity as assayed by oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC). Levels of carotenoids (lycopene, β-carotene, and lutein) were similar in fruit from grafted plants with hybrid rootstocks compared with non- and self-grafted controls. Overall, the seasonal differences outweighed the grafting effects on fruit quality attributes. This study showed that grafting with interspecific hybrid rootstocks could be an effective horticultural technique for enhancing fruit yield of tomato plants. Despite the modest reduction in ascorbic acid content associated with the use of these rootstocks, grafting did not cause major negative impacts on fruit composition or nutritional quality of fresh-market tomatoes.

scholarly journals Postharvest quality of tomato as affected by nitrogen and sulfur interaction

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-135
Author(s):  
Matias Siueia Júnior ◽  
Maria Ligia de Souza Silva ◽  
Anderson Ricardo Trevizam ◽  
Valdemar Faquin ◽  
Deivisson Ferreira da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Postharvest Quality ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Randomized Design

Nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) are nutrients that, in addition to influencing plant growth and production, interfere with processes related to postharvest fruit quality. In the present study, N x S interaction was evaluated in the postharvest quality of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse using 5 dm3 capacity vessels containing a 0-20 cm layer of a dystropherric Red Latosol. A 5 x 3 factorial design was used, with combinations of five doses of N (0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 mg dm-3) and three doses of S (0, 60 and 120 mg dm-3) distributed in a completely randomized design, with four repetitions. After harvest, the attributes of fruit quality were evaluated: firmness, pH, soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (AT), soluble solids ratio and titratable acidity (SS / AT), vitamin C, lycopene and beta-carotene. An increase in firmness was observed, as well as the content of soluble solids, titratable acidity and the SS / AT ratio of the fruits as a result of the interaction N x S. However, this interaction favoured the reduction of the contents of vitamin C, lycopene and beta-carotene, and the quality characteristics of tomato fruit in relation to the recommended values. Only the increasing doses of N favoured a higher pH in the tomato fruits.

scholarly journals Melatonin Treatment to Pomegranate Trees Enhances Fruit Bioactive Compounds and Quality Traits at Harvest and during Postharvest Storage

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 820
Author(s):  
José M. Lorente-Mento ◽  
Fabián Guillén ◽  
Salvador Castillo ◽  
Domingo Martínez-Romero ◽  
Juan M. Valverde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
First Year ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Postharvest Storage ◽  
Melatonin Treatment ◽  
Total Soluble Solids

The effect of melatonin pomegranate tree treatments on fruit quality and bioactive compounds with antioxidant activity at harvest and during storage at 10 °C for 60 days was assayed in two consecutive years, 2019 and 2020. In the first year, trees were treated with 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5 mM of melatonin along the developmental fruit growth cycle, and results showed that bioactive compounds (total phenolics and total and individual anthocyanins) and antioxidant activity at harvest were higher in fruits from melatonin-treated trees than in controls. Other fruit quality parameters, such as firmness, total soluble solids and aril red colour, were also increased as a consequence of melatonin treatment. In fruit from control tress, firmness and acidity levels decreased during storage, while increases occurred on total soluble solids, leading to fruit quality reductions. These changes were delayed, and even maintenance of total acidity was observed, in fruit from melatonin-treated trees with respect to controls, resulting in a fruit shelf-life increase. Moreover, concentration of phenolics and anthocyanins and antioxidant activity were maintained at higher levels in treated than in control fruits during the whole storage period. In general, all the mentioned effects were found at the highest level with the 0.1 mM melatonin dose, and then it was selected for repeating the experiment in the second year and results of the first year were confirmed. Thus, 0.1 mM melatonin treatment could be a useful tool to enhance aril content on bioactive compounds with antioxidant activity and health beneficial effects and to improve quality traits of pomegranate fruit, at harvest and during postharvest storage.

Aloe vera Bio-Extract Coating Results Better Shelf Life and Fruit Quality Attributes in Pomegranate

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Suchismita Jena ◽  
Ramesh K. Goyal ◽  
Anil K. Godhara ◽  
Abhilash Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Quality Attributes ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Acid Ratio ◽  
Juice Content

Aims:  To evaluate the potentiality of bio-extract coatings for achieving extended shelf life with enhance fruit quality attributes in pomegranate under ambient storage condition.  Study Design:  The lab experiment conducted in complete randomized design with three repetitions on Mridula cultivar of pomegranate.     Place and Duration of Study:  The experiment was conducted during September 2016 at department of fruit science, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, India. Methodology: Pomegranate freshly harvested fruits were coated with three bio-extracts coatings viz. Aloe vera (50,75 and 100%), ginger (1,2 and 3%) and mints (10,20 and 30%). The coated fruits were stored at ambient room condition in corrugated fiber board boxes for twelve days.  Periodically effects of bio-extract coatings, storage period and their interaction were observed for physiological loss in weight, decay loss, juice content, TSS: acid ratio, ascorbic acid content and anthocyanin content.    Results: Surface coating with Aloe vera extract 100% was found most effective in reducing physiological loss in weight (50% less reduction as compared to untreated control) whereas ginger extract 3% in reducing the decay loss of fruits (9.65%) as compared to untreated control (23.36%). Among various treatments, the coating of pomegranate fruits with Aloe vera extract 100% resulted in lowest total soluble solids to acid ratio (32.17%) and significantly highest content of juice (47.17%), anthocyanin (13.98 mg/100 g) and ascorbic acid (12.82 mg/100 g) of the fruits along with highest organoleptic rating. The quality attributes viz. total soluble solids to acid ratio, anthocyanin of fruits increased with progression of storage period, while juice content and ascorbic acid decreased. Conclusion: Bio-extract coating of Aloe vera (100%) substantially improved the shelf life with retaining better fruit quality attributes under ambient conditions and has the potential to substitute the prevalent chemical coatings for pomegranate.  

scholarly journals Crop Load Influences Fruit Quality, Nutritional Balance, and Return Bloom in ‘Honeycrisp’ Apple

HortScience ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 236-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Serra ◽  
Rachel Leisso ◽  
Luca Giordani ◽  
Lee Kalcsits ◽  
Stefano Musacchi
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Postharvest Quality ◽  
Soluble Solid Content ◽  
Crop Load ◽  
Apple Variety ◽  
Return Bloom ◽  
The Impact

The apple variety, ‘Honeycrisp’ has been extensively planted in North America during the last two decades. However, it suffers from several agronomic problems that limit productivity and postharvest quality. To reduce losses, new information is needed to better describe the impact of crop load on productivity and postharvest fruit quality in a desert environment and the major region where ‘Honeycrisp’ expansion is occurring. Here, 7-year-old ‘Honeycrisp’ trees on the M9-Nic29 rootstock (2.5 × 0.9 m) were hand thinned to five different crop loads [from 4.7 to 16.0 fruit/cm2 of trunk cross-sectional area (TCSA)] to compare fruit quality, maturity, fruit size, elemental concentration, and return bloom. Fruit size distribution was affected by crop load. Trees with the highest crop load (16 fruit/cm2) produced smaller fruit. Index of absorbance difference (IAD) measurements (absorption difference between 670 and 720 nm), a proxy indicator of the chlorophyll content below the skin of fruit measured by a DA-meter, were made shortly after harvest (T0) and after 6 months of storage (T1). Fruit from the trees with the lowest crop load had lower IAD values indicating advanced fruit ripeness. The comparison between the IAD classes at T0 and T1 showed that fruit belonging to the lowest IAD class had significantly higher red-blushed overcolor percentage, firmness, dry matter, and soluble solid content than those in the “most unripe” class (highest IAD readings) regardless of crop load. The percentage of blushed color, firmness, titratable acidity (TA), soluble solids content, and dry matter were all higher in the lowest crop loads at both T0 and T1. Fruit calcium (Ca) concentration was lowest at the lowest crop load. The (K + Mg + N):Ca ratio decreased as crop load increased until a crop load of 11.3 fruit/cm2, which was not significantly different from higher crop loads. For return bloom, the highest number of flower clusters per tree was reported for 4.7 fruit/cm2 crop load, and generally it decreased as crop load increased. Here, we highlight the corresponding changes in fruit quality, storability, and elemental balance with tree crop load. To maintain high fruit quality and consistency in yield, careful crop load management is required to minimize bienniality and improve fruit quality and storability.

scholarly journals Magnitude of Genotype × Environment Interactions Affecting Tomato Fruit Quality

HortScience ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 721-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilip R. Panthee ◽  
Chunxue Cao ◽  
Spencer J. Debenport ◽  
Gustavo R. Rodríguez ◽  
Joanne A. Labate ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Heritability Estimate ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Titratable Acid ◽  
Tomato Genotypes

There is a growing interest by consumers to purchase fresh tomatoes with improved quality traits including lycopene, total soluble solids (TSS), vitamin C, and total titratable acid (TTA) content. As a result, there are considerable efforts by tomato breeders to improve tomato for these traits. However, suitable varieties developed for one location may not perform the same in different locations. This causes a problem for plant breeders because it is too labor-intensive to develop varieties for each specific location. The objective of this study was to determine the extent of genotype × environment (G×E) interaction that influences tomato fruit quality. To achieve this objective, we grew a set of 42 diverse tomato genotypes with different fruit shapes in replicated trials in three locations: North Carolina, New York, and Ohio. Fruits were harvested at the red ripe stage and analyzed for lycopene, TSS, vitamin C, and TTA. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that there were significant differences (P < 0.05) among tomato genotypes, locations, and their interaction. Further analysis of quality traits from individual locations revealed that there was as much as 211% change in performance of some genotypes in a certain location compared with the average performance of a genotype. Lycopene was found to be most influenced by the environment, whereas TTA was the least influenced. This was in agreement with heritability estimates observed in the study for these quality traits, because heritability estimate for lycopene was 16%, whereas that for TTA was 87%. The extent of G×E interaction found for the fruit quality traits in the tomato varieties included in this study may be useful in identifying optimal locations for future field trials by tomato breeders aiming to improve tomato fruit quality.

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