scholarly journals Occurrence, Severity and Initiation of Internal Necrosis in ‘Covington’ Sweetpotato

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 340-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Jiang ◽  
Penelope Perkins-Veazie ◽  
Sylvia M. Blankenship ◽  
Michael D. Boyette ◽  
Zvezdana Pesic-VanEsbroeck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
The State ◽  
Storage Root ◽  
Storage Roots ◽  
Harvest Aid ◽  
Internal Necrosis ◽  
Storage Facilities

A series of studies were conducted to better understand the occurrence and causes of internal necrosis (IN) in ‘Covington’ sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas). Assessment of the problem among the industry was done for 2 years and revealed that IN was widespread in commercial storage facilities throughout the state of North Carolina; both incidence and severity were generally low (<10% incidence with minimal severity of symptoms). A few storage rooms had a high percentage of IN with severe storage root symptoms but results were inconsistent across years and among rooms. Preharvest studies with commercially used insecticides did not induce IN, but the harvest aid ethephon consistently induced IN with an incidence higher than 50%. Internal necrosis symptoms were not detectable at harvest, and earliest consistent incidence was observed 6 days after harvest (DAH) during the curing phase. Symptoms became more prevalent and severe at 30 DAH. However, in commercial storage rooms, no relationship was found between IN incidence and postcuring storage temperature or relative humidity (RH) conditions. Sweetpotato storage roots stored in air-tight barrels and exposed to 100 ppm ethylene after curing showed no relationship between the presence of ethylene gas in storage and incidence of IN. Our results indicate that IN incidence of ‘Covington’ is erratic with no obvious cause among storage rooms and that initiation of IN may occur most frequently during the first week following harvest.

scholarly journals Sweetpotato Transplant Holding Duration Effects on Plant Survival and Yield

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 818-823 ◽  
Author(s):  
William B. Thompson ◽  
Jonathan R. Schultheis ◽  
Sushila Chaudhari ◽  
David W. Monks ◽  
Katherine M. Jennings ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Storage Root ◽  
Storage Roots ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Root Numbers ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Plant Stand ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Lower Plant

Studies were conducted in North Carolina to determine the effect of holding durations (HDs) [0, 1, 3, 5, and 7 days before planting (DBP)] of ‘Covington’ sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas) transplants on plant stand and storage root numbers and yield in production fields. In a second field study, the effect of preplant irrigation (PI) treatments (PI and nonirrigation) were evaluated along with the transplant HD on plant stand, storage root numbers, and yield. Transplants held for 7 DBP did not survive as well as the other treatments (lower plant stands) and had lower no. 1, marketable, and total storage root numbers and yields than other holding treatments. HD of 1 or 3 DBP resulted in higher plant stands, and no. 1, marketable, and total numbers of storage roots and yields than holding for 0, 5, or 7 DBP. This study affirms the importance of soil moisture at and shortly after planting for transplant survival and yield. Holding transplants for 1–3 DBP can improve stand establishment and yields when dry conditions occur either before or soon after planting. However, holding transplants for 7 DBP can result in reduced plant stands and yields when stress/dry conditions occur soon after planting.

scholarly journals Relative Humidity Influences Yield, Edible Biomass, and Linear Growth Rate of Sweetpotato

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 609-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.G. Mortley ◽  
C.K. Bonsi ◽  
P.A. Loretan ◽  
W.A. Hill ◽  
C.E. Morris
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Linear Growth ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Linear Growth Rate ◽  
Storage Root ◽  
Storage Roots ◽  
Temperature Regimes

Growth chamber experiments were conducted to study the physiological and growth response of sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] to either 50% or 85 % relative humidity (RH). Vine cuttings of T1-155 were grown using the nutrient film technique in a randomized complete-block design with two replications. Temperature regimes of 28/22C were maintained during the light/dark periods with irradiance at canopy level of 600 μmol·m-2·s-1 and a 14/10-hour photoperiod. High RH (85%) increased the number of storage roots per plant and significantly increased storage root fresh and dry weight, but produced lower foliage fresh and dry weight than plants grown at 50% RH. Edible biomass index and linear growth rate (in grams per square meter per day) were significantly higher for plants grown at 85 % than at 50% RH. Leaf photosynthesis and stomatal conductance were higher for plants at 85 % than at 50% RH. Thus, the principal effect of high RH on sweetpotato growth was the production of higher storage root yield, edible biomass, growth rate, and increased photosynthetic and stomatal activity.

scholarly journals Physiological and Anatomical Characterization of a Late-storage Root-forming Mutant of Sweetpotato

2002 ◽  
Vol 127 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makoto Nakatani ◽  
Masaru Tanaka ◽  
Masaru Yoshinaga
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Zeatin Riboside ◽  
Storage Root ◽  
Storage Roots ◽  
Physiological Mechanisms ◽  
Maximum Root

A late-storage root-forming mutant (`KM95-A68') of sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Poir.] was characterized to clarify the genetic and physiological mechanisms of storage root formation. This mutant originated from a somaclonal mutation of `Kokei No. 14'. Storage roots of `KM95-A68' are rare and, when formed, develop 2 or 3 weeks later than those of `Kokei No. 14' from which it originated. Morphological characteristics of the canopy and leaf photosynthetic rates of `KM95-A68' were similar to those of `Kokei No. 14'. No apparent differences were observed in the anatomy of root cross sections of `KM95-A68' and `Kokei No. 14'. An apparent increase in the root zeatin riboside (ZR) levels were observed in `Kokei No. 14' at storage root formation. Root ZR levels differed between `Kokei No. 14' and `KM95-A68'. The onset of increase in root ZR levels was delayed by 2 or 3 weeks in `KM95-A68' in comparison to `Kokei No. 14'. Maximum root ZR levels in `Kokei No. 14' were 2.2 times higher in comparison to `KM95-A68'. This appeared to be a factor in delayed storage root formation of `KM95-A68'. Results of reciprocal grafts of `KM95-A68' and `Kokei No. 14' indicated that the late storage root-forming characteristic of `KM95-A68' is a characteristic that arises from the root itself.

scholarly journals Sweetpotato Tip Rot Incidence Is Increased by Preharvest Applications of Ethephon and Reduced by Curing

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 288-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramón A. Arancibia ◽  
Jeffrey L. Main ◽  
Christopher A. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Storage Root ◽  
Storage Roots ◽  
Induced Stress ◽  
Potential Association ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
On Farm

Tip rot, or restricted end rot, is a new sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas) disease/disorder in Mississippi with unknown etiology. Since pathogen isolations have been inconsistent, a relationship of this disorder with stress is proposed. This disease/disorder is manifested as a restricted lesion at or close to the proximal end of the storage root and appears after 2 to 4 weeks in storage. In many cases, the lesion necrosis expands internally. On-farm and research station studies with preharvest foliar applications of ethephon were conducted in Mississippi to determine the potential association of tip rot with ethephon-induced stress. In addition, the effects of ethephon rate and interval between application and harvest on tip rot were investigated. After 1 to 2 months in storage, tip rot incidence was observed mostly in storage roots from ethephon-treated plants. The increase in tip rot incidence was well correlated with ethephon rate. These results suggest that preharvest applications of ethephon trigger a response that results in the tip rot disorder.

scholarly journals Incidence of End Rots and Internal Necrosis in Sweetpotato Is Affected by Cultivar, Curing, and Ethephon Defoliation

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 886-897 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher A. Clark ◽  
Washington L. da Silva ◽  
Ramón A. Arancibia ◽  
Jeff L. Main ◽  
Jonathan R. Schultheis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Breeding Line ◽  
Storage Roots ◽  
Postharvest Storage ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Multiple Environments ◽  
Internal Necrosis ◽  
Production Areas ◽  
And Storage

Two distinct syndromes have emerged in some production areas that have caused losses of sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas) storage roots during postharvest storage: a complex of fungal rots (end rots) progressing from either end of storage roots and a necrotic reaction (internal necrosis) progressing internally from the proximal end of storage roots. This study was conducted in multiple environments to evaluate whether the use of preharvest ethephon application and storage with or without curing after harvest could be used to screen sweetpotato breeding lines for susceptibility/resistance to these two disorders. Treating vines with ethephon 2 weeks before harvest and placing harvested roots directly into storage at 60 °F without curing resulted in the greatest incidence of end rots in each state and there were significant differences in incidence among the sweetpotato genotypes evaluated. However, when ethephon was not used and roots were cured immediately after harvest, the incidence of end rots was low in all the genotypes evaluated except for one breeding line. Incidence and severity of internal necrosis were greatest when ethephon was applied preharvest and roots were cured immediately after harvest, but two cultivars, Hatteras and Covington, had significantly more internal necrosis than all others.

scholarly journals Studi Variasi Ubi Jalar (Ipomoea Batatas L) Berdasarkan Karakter Morfologi di Kabupaten Ngawi

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karlina Purbasari ◽  
Angga Rahabistara Sumadji
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
Skin Colour ◽  
Storage Root ◽  
Storage Roots ◽  
Sweet Potatoes ◽  
Flesh Colour ◽  
Environment Factors ◽  
Morphological Distinction

<p class="E-JOURNALAbstractBodyEnglish"><span>Sweet potatoes were potential plants in food diversification for rice substitution</span><span lang="IN">.</span><span> The plants could be found in some areas in Indonesia, such as in Ngawi Regency. The research aimed to find out the variation and morphological distinction in sweet potatoes in Ngawi Regency. The samples were taken randomly in Kedunggalar, Jogorogo, and Bringin Subdistrict. The sweet potatoes were tested with ANAVA and DMRT, Kruskal-Wallis and U-Mann Whitney with significant degree was 5%. There were variation in morphological leaves, storage root, and stems from the eight samples taken. Statistical analysis showed there were vivid distinction in the shape of the leaves, the lobes type, the central lobes, the petiole pigmentation, the colour of stems, the immature leaves colour, the storage roots shape, the dominant skin colour, the dominant flesh colour, and distribution of secondary flesh colour of anthosianine pigment. The variation among sweet potatoes were affected by genetic/ variety distinction and environment factors. </span></p>

scholarly journals Cultivar decline in sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas)

2011 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 160-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.L. Lewthwaite ◽  
P.J. Fletcher ◽  
J.D. Fletcher ◽  
C.M. Triggs
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Storage Root ◽  
Spontaneous Mutations ◽  
Production Environment ◽  
Root Yield ◽  
Storage Roots ◽  
Field Exposure ◽  
Growing Seasons

The sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas) crop is propagated vegetatively by field transplanting adventitious sprouts produced on storage roots retained from the previous seasons harvest This system promotes the persistence and accumulation of both viruses and spontaneous mutations A phenomenon known as cultivar decline has been reported internationally where the root yield and appearance of commercially grown sweetpotato cultivars appear to deteriorate over successive growing seasons The relative contributions of virus infection and plant mutation to cultivar decline are uncertain but both issues are addressed through the use of virustested tissue cultured propagation systems This study assessed the degree of decline for cultivars Owairaka Red and Beauregard within the New Zealand biophysical production environment Storage root yield decreased significantly with increasing field exposure for both cultivars (P

scholarly journals ‘Covington’ Sweetpotato

HortScience ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 1911-1914 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Craig Yencho ◽  
Kenneth V. Pecota ◽  
Jonathan R. Schultheis ◽  
Zvezdana-Pesic VanEsbroeck ◽  
Gerald J. Holmes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
The United States ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
State University ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Storage Roots ◽  
North Carolina State University ◽  
Southern Root Knot Nematode

‘Covington’ is an orange-fleshed, smooth-skinned, rose-colored, table-stock sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] developed by North Carolina State University (NCSU). ‘Covington’, named after the late Henry M. Covington, an esteemed sweetpotato scientist at North Carolina State, was evaluated as NC98-608 in multiple state and regional yield trials during 2001 to 2006. ‘Covington’ produces yields equal to ‘Beauregard’, a dominant sweetpotato variety produced in the United States, but it is typically 5 to 10 days later in maturity. ‘Covington’ typically sizes its storage roots more evenly than ‘Beauregard’ resulting in fewer jumbo class roots and a higher percentage of number one roots. Total yields are similar for the two clones with the dry matter content of ‘Covington’ storage roots typically being 1 to 2 points higher than that of ‘Beauregard’. ‘Covington’ is resistant to fusarium wilt [Fusarium oxysporum Schlect. f.sp. batatas (Wollenw.) Snyd. & Hans.], southern root-knot nematode [Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White 1919) Chitwood 1949 race 3], and moderately resistant to streptomyces soil rot [Streptomyces ipomoeae (Person & W.J. Martin) Wakswan & Henrici]. Symptoms of the russet crack strain of Sweet Potato Feathery Mottle Virus have not been observed in ‘Covington’. The flavor of the baked storage roots of ‘Covington’ has been rated as very good by standardized and informal taste panels and typically scores as well or better in this regard when compared with ‘Beauregard’.

scholarly journals Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Storage Root Reveals Regulatory Mechanisms of Lignin Biosynthesis During Root Development in Two Sweetpotato Cultivars

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuyun Hou ◽  
Zhen Qin ◽  
Taifeng Du ◽  
Yuanyuan Zhou ◽  
Aixian Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Development ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Signal Transduction Pathway ◽  
Lignin Biosynthesis ◽  
Storage Root ◽  
Storage Roots ◽  
Homologous Genes ◽  
Phenylpropanoid Biosynthesis ◽  
Storage Root Development

Abstract BackgroundSweetpotato(Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) is one of the most important crops with high storage roots yield. Lignin affects the storage root formation. However, the molecular mechanisms of lignin biosynthesis in storage roots development have been lacking.ResultsTo reveal the molecular mechanism of lignin biosynthesis and identify new homologous genes in lignin biosynthesis during storage root development, the storage root (SR) at three different stages (D1, D2 and D3) in the two cultivars (Jishu25 and Jishu29) was investigated with full-length and second-generation transcriptome. A total of 52,137 transcripts and 21,148 unigenes were obtained after corrected with Hiseq2500 sequencing. Through the comparative analysis, 9577 unigenes were found to be differently expressed in the different stage in two cultivars. Among of them, 91 unigenes enriched in the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and 201 unigenes in hormone signal transduction pathway with KEGG analysis. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis of differentially expressed unigenes showed that lignin biosynthesis genes might be co-expressed with transcription factors such as AP2/ERF and MYB at the transcription level, and regulated by phytohormones auxin and GA3.ConclusionsTaken together, our findings will throw light on molecular regulatory mechanism of lignin biosynthesis involved in storage root development.

scholarly journals Effect of cutting position and vine pruning level on yield of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea Batatas L.)

1970 ◽  
pp. 01-05
Author(s):  
Ncube Netsai ◽  
Mutetwa Moses, Mtaita Tuarira
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Root Diameter ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Storage Root ◽  
Storage Roots ◽  
Significant Difference

There is significant variation in yield of storage roots and vines of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) among farmers due to use of different cutting positions and pruning of vines at different levels. This study was carried out to establish the cutting position and the vine pruning level that give the best yield of both the storage roots and vines. The study was conducted in a 3x3 factorial arrangement in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Treatments included cutting position at three levels (apical cutting, middle cutting and basal cutting) and pruning at three levels, 0%, 25% and 50% respectively. Pruning was done. 50 days after planting. And storage root harvesting was done 100 days after planting. The two measurements were summed up to give the total vine weight. Storage root length, diameter and weight were measured at 100 DAP. Storage root length indicated significant difference (P<0.05) only among cutting positions with highest mean length (16.20 cm) obtained from apical cutting and the lowest (11.98 cm) from basal cutting. Storage root diameter, storage root weight and vine weight indicated significant interaction (P<0.05) of cutting position and vine pruning level. Highest mean root diameter and root weight were obtained from middle cutting and 25% vine pruning level, with the lowest being obtained from basal cutting and 50% vine pruning level. Highest vine weight was recorded from middle cutting and 50% vine pruning level, with the lowest being recorded from basal cutting and 0% vine pruning level. Both middle and apical stem cuttings can be recommended for higher storage root and vine yield. Vine pruning at 25% can be adopted for higher storage root yield while pruning at 50% can be suggested for higher vine yield.

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