A Realm Apart

Author(s):  
Jacqueline I. Stone

Aspirations for the Pure Land were often framed in terms of an ascetic ethos of world denial. While not always mirrored in actual practice, normative discourse of “shunning this defiled world and aspiring to the Pure Land” provides a convenient thread to tease out complex thematic strands in how people envisioned the relation of the Pure Land to this present world in terms of cosmology, social relations, and conventional morality. Was the Pure Land close at hand, accessible through nondual insight or by visiting sacred sites such as Tennōji or Mt. Kōya? Or was it far away? Once born there, would one retain one’s personal identity, gender, and human ties? Could evildoers attain birth there (akunin ōjō)? While factors such as age, social location, and individual inclination gave rise to varying interpretations, in the end, the Pure Land was seen as irreducibly “other” and not subject to this-worldly conventions.

Author(s):  
Richard Seaford

This chapter discusses, in a wide range of pre-Hellenistic authors, passages based on the similarity between – or even the indistinguishability of – tears of grief and tears of joy or of laughter. The contexts in which this combination of negative with positive emotion occurs are not random. They often involve a fundamental contradiction, or fundamental transition, pertaining to personal identity (between family and community, death and life, married and unmarried). Several passages of tragedy exploit the combination of negative with positive emotion that occurred in rites of passage (mystic initiation and wedding ritual). But whereas in the actual practice of rites of passage the transition is positive, in tragedy the transition tends to fail, allowing enhancement of the pathos inherent in the ambivalence of tears. The ambivalence is not confined to ritual. Homer and Xenophon are both struck by the resemblance of tears of joy to tears of grief. In two famous passages, in Herodotus and Thucydides, weeping seems to acquire special status by prefiguring eventual military catastrophe.


Author(s):  
Helena Y.W. Wu

The concluding chapter interrogates the troubling notion of hybridity, which was believed to be the core constituency of Hong Kong culture and identity in the pre-1997 era, but its actual practice and application has been subjected to questions in the postmillennial time. In view of the diversified and sometimes contradicting experiences and emotions that have been accumulated since the colonial era and have been continuously produced in post-handover Hong Kong, the chapter brings forth the potentialities of local relations by further problematizing the triangular articulation of the global, the local and the national in the context of Hong Kong and beyond. After all, how local relations are constellated embodies the continuous acts of deterritorialization and reterritorialization, not necessarily in terms of political control but through the cultural and social relations formed between things, places and bodies within the city.


2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret S. Archer

AbstractThe preliminary part of this paper demonstrates how defective models of personal identity have dominated social theory since the Enlightenment, and indicates their deficiencies for social theorizing and as a basis for the Catholic Church’s social teaching. Part two examines the consequences of conceptions that are incompatible with the four pillars of Catholic social teaching: human dignity, solidarity, subsidiarity and the common good. Part three examines why recent social teaching is anti-individualist in its emphasis on the connection between personal identity and social relations and endorses relational emergent properties and powers, which are grounded in social realism. These points are held to specify necessary but far from sufficient social conditions required for transforming late modernity into a ‘civilization of love’.


2004 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 18-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Irwin

The paper develops a new analysis of attitudes to aspects of work and caring for children. The paper reports on analysis of data generated through a small scale survey designed and conducted with pilot study funding to follow up aspects of research by the ESRC Research Group for the study of Care, Values and the Future of Welfare. The survey research takes as a focus a specific point in the life course of parents: when they have children in the early years at primary school. The paper develops an analysis of the coherence of people's attitudes and their social location, with particular reference to social inequality. It also reports on new linked analysis of British Social Attitudes Survey data. In contrast to recent arguments of increasingly ‘autonomous’ subjectivities the research contributes to a broader theoretical understanding of the mutuality of subjectivities and extant social relations.


Author(s):  
N.N. Ravochkin ◽  

In this article, the author attempts to uncover and then critically analyze the nonlinear world dynamics of the leading trend of our time. Close attention is paid to the place and role of social processes that contribute to the growth of nonlinearity and unpredictability of modern world dynamics. The meaning of the synergetic concept is clarified when considering the dynamics of the present world. Shows the variability of modern social relations. The essence of the self-determinability of the world is presented. The hierarchization of modern social systems is determined.


Author(s):  
SIMON BECK ◽  
ORITSEGBUBEMI ANTHONY OYOWE

Abstract African perspectives on personhood and personal identity and their relation to those of the West have become far more central in mainstream Western discussion than they once were. Not only are African traditional views with their emphasis on the importance of community and social relations more widely discussed, but that emphasis has also received much wider acceptance and gained more influence among Western philosophers. Despite this convergence, there is at least one striking way in which the discussions remain apart and that is on a point of method. The Western discussion makes widespread use of thought experiments. In the African discussion, they are almost entirely absent. In this article, we put forward a possible explanation for the method of thought experiment being avoided that is based on considerations stemming from John Mbiti's account of the traditional African view of time. These considerations find an echo in criticism offered of the method in the Western debate. We consider whether a response to both trains of thought can be found that can further bring the Western and African philosophical traditions into fruitful dialogue.


Author(s):  
Melissa Anne-Marie Curley

A recent revival of interest in Marxism in contemporary Japan suggests new ways of thinking about Pure Land Buddhist utopianism as politically significant. Drawing on the work of Japanese Marxist Hiromatsu Wataru and Korean historian Baik Youngseo, Nakajima Takahirō makes an argument for rethinking East Asian relations from the periphery. Shinshū—with its emphasis on exile, marginal places, solidarity, and conviviality—has much to offer theorists interested in new ways of approaching social relations, as is already apparent in the work of Hishiki Masaharu and his understanding of the Pure Land as a principle of criticism. This way of imagining the Pure Land in a critical engagement with the real world should not be understood as brand new; on the contrary, it represents a return to the kind of critical hope that characterized medieval Pure Land.


2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tri Sanjaya ◽  
Iwan Joko Prasetyo

One type of social media is social networking sites that are currently very liked by internet users. Snapchat itself is an application that is used to instantly share messages (communicate), but in a unique way. The satisfaction of using social media as interpersonal communication media is obtained from how big the ability of social network in fulfilling requirement of its user is thing that want to be researched by researcher. This research uses descriptive research type with quantitative approach that is research which only describe situation or event. This study did not seek or explain the relationship, did not test the hypothesis or make predictions. In this research the sampling technique used is Stratified Random Sampling or random sampling stratification. From the tabulation data, it was found that male students were satisfied using snapchat with high cognitive and divergence (3.75), personal identity satisfaction (3.95), social relations satisfaction (3.98), then in the aspect motives for the use of snapchats, surveillance motives (3.84), personal identity motives (3.57), personal relationship motives (4.00), then entertainment motives (3.66). Keywords: Social media, snapchat, user satisfaction


First Monday ◽  
2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marian Adolf ◽  
Dennis Deicke

The rapid and fundamental changes of societal communication that occur against the backdrop of current media development (digitization) call for an extension of communication research by revisiting the social theoretical foundations of social cohesion and integration. Arguing that social change and media change are intimately tied up, we discuss important changes in the means and modalities of communication in the digital era as indicative of — and bound to — changes in contemporary modern societies. Based on a discussion of the concepts individualization and network, the paper devises a theoretical perspective that places current media convergence firmly at the center of social change. At the heart of this approach lies the concept of networked individuality as an increasingly important mode of creating personal identity and shaping social relations today.


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