Labour Market Liberalization and Workers’ Living Conditions in Europe

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giorgio Liotti ◽  
Rosaria Rita Canale
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Market Liberalization

scholarly journals POVERTY AND EMPLOYMENT STATUS: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM NORTH MACEDONIA

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitar Nikoloski
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Social Stratification ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Work Intensity ◽  
The Social ◽  
Poverty Status

Poverty and social exclusion are often associated with unemployment, but being employed is not always sufficient to provide decent living conditions for workers and their families. The ‘low-wage’ workers similarly as unemployed are often associated with an image of men and women struggling to support their families and living at risk of poverty and social exclusion. Dealing with the social stratification engendered from the employment status of workers in the post-transition countries represents a challenging task for the academics and policymakers. The aim of the paper is to assess the determinants of poverty in North Macedonia from the point of view of employment status, particularly the differences between low-paid and unemployed workers. We assess the factors affecting the probability of at-risk-of poverty status by estimating a logit model on cross-section data separately for employed and unemployed persons in 2015. The analysis draws from an examination of micro data from the Survey on Income and Living Conditions (SILC) whose main scope is to enable the compilation of statistics on income distribution, as well as indicators of monetary poverty. Besides other personal and household characteristics, being low-paid appears as the most important factor for at-risk-of poverty status among employed persons, while the low work intensity is the most responsible factor for at-risk-of poverty status among unemployed persons. In addition, our analysis reveals that the social transfers do not satisfactorily cover these categories, which assumes that we need a much broader arsenal of respective policy measures aiming to reduce poverty among the vulnerable labour market segments. The proposed policy recommendations cover the following areas: education and training, active labour market policies, unionisation and collective bargaining, wage subsidies and taxation and statutory minimum wage.

Entsendegesetz - eine Aushöhlung der Wirtschaftsordnung

1996 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Johann Eekhoff
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Construction Sector ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Foreign Companies ◽  
Employment Conditions ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Law

AbstractThis paper examines the economic implications of the posted workers law. The law provides that employment regulations such as minimum wages in the German construction sector are to be applied to both German and foreign companies operating in Germany. By choosing such an interventionist instrument, its impact is rather harmful to the economy, leading actually to an exclusion of Portuguese, Irish and other employees from the German labour market. Thereby the law not only prevents the convergence of living conditions within the European Union but also increases the costs of construction and living in Germany. Another consequence of the law is that the demand for protectionist instruments in other sectors and countries will become stronger. In order to improve the social and employment conditions in Europe, the paper therefore suggests to introduce more instead of less competition in the German labour market.

ASSISTED EMPLOYMENT AND SELF-EMLOPYMENT FOR THE PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 554-555 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
Monika Sieklicka
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Legal System ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
The People ◽  
Sole Proprietorship

He aim of this study is to present legal regulations concerning professional activation of disabled people. In the Polish legal system there are various forms of support for professional activation of people with disabilities, starting from taking up employment by a disabled person in a sheltered workplace, hospital, university, offi ce or company run in the form of a sole proprietorship. Professional activation and reduction of unemployment among disabled people remains a challenge. People with disabilities are often isolated in the labour market, which contributes to the deterioration of their living conditions. The problem of professional activation can and should be considered from two perspectives: employment and self-employment. The paper presents various types of instruments that can be used in the process of professional activation of people with disabilities.

scholarly journals Education Inequalities and Political Behaviour of the Young in Greece in the 2010s 1

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Maloutas ◽  
Maro Pantelidou Malouta
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Social Mobility ◽  
Political System ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Behaviour ◽  
Educational Trajectories ◽  
Institutional Politics ◽  
Political Response

In this paper we briefly address two issues related to the living conditions of youth in Greece and the way these conditions have changed during the 2010s. The first is about the educational trajectories of young Greeks which are leading to less promising prospects in the labour market and become increasingly unequal and socially selective during the crisis. The second issue is the political response of young Greeks to the crisis. There is evidence that they have been actively mobilized against austerity measures and, at the same time, they have increased their participation in the political system, both in confrontational and institutional politics. Inequalities are increasing and social mobility prospects for the young people are deteriorating. Their political response, however, is an outcome depending on many other factors with the politics of parties attractive to youngsters’ aspirations during the crisis being among the most important.

Evaluation of the level of social development of poviats in Małopolskie Voivodship with the use of a dynamic synthetic measure

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 45-63
Author(s):  
Jadwiga Bożek ◽  
Janina Szewczyk
Keyword(s):  
Social Development ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Data Bank ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Health Protection ◽  
Linear Ordering ◽  
Local Data ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Demographic Situation ◽  
Multidimensional Objects

The level of social development of territorial units in Poland is an important topic in the context of the pursued policy to equalise the differences in regional development. Nowadays, spatial disproportions in development are considered one of the main social problems also in Małopolskie Voivodship. The purpose of the study described in the article involves the comparison of changes in the level of social development in the poviats of Małopolskie Voivodship in the period of 2010–2019 by means of a dynamic synthetic measure. The situation of these poviats was evaluated based on data provided by the Local Data Bank of Statistics Poland, describing 10 selected diagnostic features relating to the following areas: the demographic situation, the labour market, education, standard of living and health protection of the inhabitants. The method of linear ordering of multidimensional objects in a dynamic approach was applied. The volume of changes in the level of development of the poviats was determined on the basis of a dynamic synthetic measure. The results of the study indicate that in all of the poviats, a significant decline was observed in the value of the synthetic measure describing the demographic situation and education. On the other hand, the positive aspect is that in all of the poviats the value of the synthetic measure relating to the labour market, living conditions and health protection of the population increased significantly. Consequently, the disproportions between the poviats in the analysed period deepened in terms of the demographic situation and education, whereas the differences in the level of development decreased in the case of the labour market, living conditions and health protection of the population.

A microsimulation model to measure the impact of the economic crisis on household income

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 474-493
Author(s):  
Tindara Addabbo ◽  
Rosa María García-Fernández ◽  
Carmen María Llorca-Rodríguez ◽  
Anna Maccagnan
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Social Implications ◽  
Economic Shocks ◽  
Economic Cycle ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – The current economic crisis has significantly increased unemployment, showing higher persistence than expected. However, since microdata from household surveys are issued with delay, they do not allow a prompt analysis of the impact of the economic cycle on households’ living conditions. The purpose of this paper is to propose a microsimulation methodology to achieve an evaluation of the impact of economic shocks in terms of household’s living conditions to guide policy makers. Design/methodology/approach – The microsimulation technique developed in this paper is based on a nowcasting approach by using different sources of data and by taking into account a whole set of potential transitions across the different statuses of the labour market and the related changes in income. To validate this microsimulation method, the authors apply it to Italy, a country that has been deeply affected by the crisis. Findings – Data have been drawn from the European Statistics on Income and Living Conditions Survey for Italy (IT SILC) and from the Labour Force Survey for Italy. The latter data allow us to take into account the changes in the labour market status of individuals due to economic shocks. The validation results support the capability of the model to simulate the effect of the cycle before actual data on income are available. Social implications – The results obtained would encourage the use of the suggested methodology to anticipate the effect of the economic cycle on household’s income therefore enabling the design of effective policies to sustain household income with positive practical and social implications. Originality/value – Distinct from other microsimulation techniques the methodology proposed in this paper allows us to take into account behavioural effects and the change in the composition of employment and unemployment. Moreover, the authors contribute to the existing literature by considering a whole set of transitions across different labour market statuses and the related changes in income.

scholarly journals Arus Bebas Tenaga Kerja dalam Era Masyarakat Ekonomi ASEAN: Ancaman bagi Indonesia?

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-121
Author(s):  
Stanislaus Risadi Apresian
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Single Market ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Market Liberalization ◽  
Economic Community ◽  
Labour Movement ◽  
The Government ◽  
Asean Economic Community ◽  
New Perspective

ASEAN Economic Community has been entered into force in December 31st, 2015. A free labour movement is one of major agendas to support the establishment of ASEAN as a single market and production base of ASEAN. This agenda becomes a hot debate since it can be an opportunity or threat for Indonesia. In fact, most of Indonesian people view it as a threat for Indonesia. On the contrary to that view, this research takes a clear position to support that a free labour movement is not a threat for Indonesia. This research is aimed to give a new perspective to see labour market liberalization in ASEAN not as a threat by giving new empirical findings. Theoritically, this research will give new empirical findings to explain that a free labour movement is not a threat for Indonesia by using liberal-institutionalis perspective. Practically, this research will give some policy recommendations addressed to the Government of Indonesia and other stakeholders related to employment issue.Keywords: ASEAN Economic Community, free labour movement, Indonesia

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