scholarly journals HARVEST AND POST HARVEST MANAGEMENT FOR ENSURING QUALITY OF MEDICINAL PLANTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 602-606
Author(s):  
Suruchi Malik ◽  
◽  
Kirti Sharma ◽  
Anil Kanaujia ◽  
◽  
...  

The instant rising demand of plant-based drugs is unfortunately creating heavy pressure on some selected high-value medicinal plant population in the wild. The safety, quality and efficacy of these products have become a major concern for health authorities and the consumers. Unavailability of proper production technology and suitable area of cultivation, post-harvest processing, market constraints and low economic returns as compared to major cereal crops, are the main problems in cultivation of these herbs and spices. Safe, efficacious and a high-quality product showing batch to batch consistency can be maintained by following harvesting and post harvesting standard guidelines for MAPs (Medicinal & Aromatic Plants).

Author(s):  
Gunther Mantilla ◽  
Gabriel Antonio Lorenzo ◽  
Libertad Mascarini

Abstract Phyto-hormones play a key role in regulating plant responses to stress. Cytokines are a type of phyto-hormones involved in the regulation of many important biological processes related to growth, development, and response to environmental variables. The exogenous application of cytokines increases the possibility of delaying senescence; however, this is a physiological process, and, under certain conditions, degradation processes may be triggered. The effect of 6-bencilaminopurine application and the endogenous hormonal changes involved in lilies floral stalks after their cutting were studied. In order to improve vase life and quality of Lilium longiflorum ‘Brindisi’ flower stalks, they were sprayed with 6-BAP, at a concentration of 300 ppm at pre-harvest, post-harvest, and pre- and post-harvest stages. After that, they were compared to non-sprayed control stalks. The application of 6-BAP caused endogenous hormonal changes in abscisic acid and cytokinin levels, and the most effective treatment was pre-harvest spraying. This treatment proved to be an appropriate method to improve the stalk tolerance to post-harvest stress as it delayed the appearance of senescence symptoms and reduced the speed of chlorophyll degradation with differences of up to 10% with respect to untreated stalks. In addition, the opening of flowers was delayed by up to 2 days, although there were no significant differences in total vase life.


2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
S.V. Borisova ◽  
◽  
N.U. Mukhametchina ◽  
G.S. Sagdeeva ◽  
◽  
...  

The results of the study of the influence of various concentrations of the complex bakery improver «Unipan Total» on the properties of semi-finished products and quality indicators of bakery products are presented. Bakery products were produced using the unpaired method according to a unified recipe for Dniprovskaya buns. To obtain a high-quality product, prototypes were prepared from wheat bakery flour of the highest grade with the addition of the «Unipan Total» improver at a concentration of 0,5 to 8% to the flour weight, control ones without the improver. Organoleptic and physicochemical indicators of the quality of wheat bread samples were determined by conventional methods.


Meso ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 483-496
Author(s):  
Linda Martić Kuran ◽  
Jelena Đugum ◽  
Marina Krvavica ◽  
Marijana Drinovac Topalović

The protection of Dalmatian lamb ("Dalmatinska janjetina") with a protected designation of origin label (PDO) is based on the specific quality of meat of Dalmatian pramenka lamb and the traditional lamb breeding method in the geographic area that coincides with the breeding area of Dalmatian pramenka (indigenous Croatian sheep breed). Under the name of "Dalmatinska janjetina", only the meat of lambs of Dalmatian pramenka, bred exclusively in Dalmatia, can be placed on the market. In the process of obtaining a PDO label, which has recently been completed at the Croatian national level and is currently in the process at the EU level, a survey among Croatian consumers (a sample of 1,034 consumers from all over Croatia) was conducted to determine the recognition of this product on the Croatian market, as well as consumer preferences considering similar products from other Croatian regions. The research has shown that Croatian consumers recognize Dalmatian lamb as a traditional, high-quality product. Thus, almost 75 % of the respondents recognize it as a particular type of lamb of better quality than others on the Croatian market. Almost 85 % of the respondents use lamb regardless of type in their diet, but more than 58 % always on special occasions (folk festivals and family celebrations), especially if prepared in the traditional way (lamb on a spit) by which Dalmatia as a region is recognized by more than 85 % of the respondents. The market reputation and connection with the geographic production area are why Croatian consumers rather buy Dalmatian lamb over others.


2021 ◽  
pp. 16-19
Author(s):  
Мунира Фадитовна Ямалетдинова

В данной статье автором исследован процесс тепловой обработки абрикосовых косточек нетрадиционным способом в СВЧ-печи для производства национального продукта - соленых косточек. Технология производства соленых косточек включает следующие технологические процессы: образование трещины на скорлупе абрикосовой косточки, замачивание косточек в солевом растворе, жарение, охлаждение естественным путем, реализация. Самым важным процессом при этом является тепловая обработка (жарение косточек), так как качество получаемого готового продукта - соленых косточек - будет зависеть от количества получаемой косточкой теплоты. Предлагаемый автором способ тепловой обработки в СВЧ-печи базируется на явлении дипольного момента, основанного на смещении зарядов и связанных с ними молекул при воздействии на продукт переменного электромагнитного поля. Обрабатывая косточки в течение 60-90 сек в СВЧ-печи, образуется трещина на стыке скорлупы за счет того, что энергия в СВЧ-печах очень высока, внутри косточки температура резко увеличивается, происходит кипение влаги и парообразование, за счет этого повышается давление - и скорлупа на стыке косточки дает трещину. Получены результаты изменения температуры косточек в СВЧ-печи, в которой осуществляют тепловую обработку. На основе полученных экспериментальных данных построены графики изменения температуры абрикосовых косточек различных сортов. При этом продолжительность тепловой обработки сократилась и значения температуры не превышали 165 °С, что обеспечивает равномерность распределения температуры по объему косточки и дает возможность получить продукт высокого качества и сохранение питательных веществ соленых косточек. In this article, the author studies the process of heat treatment of apricot seeds in an unconventional way in a microwave oven, for the production of the national product of salted seeds. The technology of production of salted seeds from apricot seeds includes the following technological processes: the formation of a crack on the shell of the stone; soaking in a saline solution of the seeds; frying; cooling naturally; selling. The most important process in this case is the process of heat treatment (roasting the seeds), since the quality of the ready product of salted seeds will depend on the amount of heat received by the seed. The proposed method of heat treatment in a microwave oven is based on the phenomenon of the dipole moment, based on the displacement of charges and associated molecules when the product is exposed to an alternating electromagnetic field. Processing the seeds for 60-90 seconds in a microwave oven, a crack is formed at the junction of the shell due to the fact that the energy in microwave ovens is very high, the temperature inside the seed increases sharply, water boils and vaporization occurs, due to this, the pressure increases and the shell at the junction of the seed cracks. The results of the change in the temperature of the seeds in the microwave oven, in which the heat treatment is carried out, are obtained. Based on the obtained experimental data, graphs of temperature changes in apricot seeds of varieties are constructed. At the same time, the duration of heat treatment was reduced and the temperature values did not exceed 165 °C, which ensures a proportion of temperature distribution over the volume of the seed and makes it possible to obtain a high-quality product and preserve the nutrients of salted seeds.


2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander N. Ostrikov ◽  
Abdymanap A. Ospanov ◽  
Alexander А. Shevtsov ◽  
Nurzhan Zh. Muslimov ◽  
Aigul K. Timurbekova ◽  
...  

AbstractThe drying procedure is a key to producing pasta of intended quality and with a specific price tag. However, the existing models are mainly to describe the drying process in a steady state. A mathematical model of tube-shaped pasta drying in a conveyor belt dryer with a stepwise heating supply allows determining the curve of temperature and moisture gradients for a tube-shaped pasta unit. It also helps select the best settings to minimize the heat-power costs while maintaining the good quality of a dried product. The given model describes the drying process in a true-to-life form and ensures the convergence of calculations to observations (deviation: 12.5%). The model was utilized to design a transient drying protocol for conveyor belt dryers with a stepwise heating supply. The proposed dryer has high service reliability and produces uniformly dried high-quality product.


2006 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 276-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragan Miljkovic ◽  
Hyun Jin

The case of reduction in ad valorem tariffs as a trade liberalization policy is considered in this article. It is shown that the reduction leads to a higher quality of imports, ceteris paribus. This hypothesis was tested on the case of Japanese beef imports from the United States and Australia. U. S. beef, according to the results of Gallup surveys, is considered by Japanese consumers to be a high quality product, while Australian beef is considered to be a low quality product. Empirical results support the hypothesis. Moreover, the recent domination of U. S. beef in the Japanese market is further explained by increasingly more efficient U. S. beef production relative to Australian production and a strong income effect, where an increase in per capita income leads to more demand for higher quality products.


2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunal Sharma

Pear (Pyrus Spp L.) is one of the most harvested temperate fruit crop right after Apple. Pear belongs to the family Rosaceae along with some best known temperate tree fruits. Pear being one of the popular temperate fruit but is having a short storable life under room temperature conditions. The capability of being able to manage keeping quality of the stored fruit is must during the post harvest storage of the crops along with being able to increase the storable life of those fruits. Various post harvest technology are being used to sustain the fruit's keeping quality and also to increase those fruits storable time period. Being a crop prone to decay, diseases such as fungal diseases (mould) and short shelf life different researcher has recommended the use of different chemicals to preserve the quality as well as increase the storage lifetime of the fruits. Chemical such as Calcium have been proven to be effective in this post harvest management of fruits by having effects on the physiochemical fruits.


Author(s):  
Aishah Mohd Noor ◽  
Maman Abdurachman Djauhari

In manufacturing process, it is very important to control and monitor the stability of a process such that a high quality product will be produced. The most common statistical tool used for monitoring the stability of a process is the control chart. In recent applications of control charting methods, there is a need to construct a control chart that is able to represent the behaviour of a multivariate process since in many manufacturing processes; quality of a product is determined by the joint-level of several quality characteristics. For this reason, in this paper, a new control chart is introduced for monitoring the stability of multivariate process in terms of the process variability. The proposed method is based on charting each of the eigenvalues of a covariance matrix. To show the efficiency of the proposed method, we conduct a simulation study and compare the performance of the proposed method with the existing method. A real example will be presented to illustrate the advantage of our proposed method.


2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 21-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Sekara ◽  
Robert Pokluda ◽  
Laura Del Vacchio ◽  
Silvano Somma ◽  
Gianluca Caruso

The aim of this review is a wide description of the relationships between growing conditions and bulb yield and quality of onion (Allium cepa L.), focused particularly on long-day cultivars suitable for storage. Marketable yield decreases according to the reduction of crop length caused by the increase of growth temperature. The nutritive requirements of storage onion are highest during the vegetative growth. The application of humic substances and the inoculation of mycorrhizae may enhance bulb growth and quality, mainly under stress conditions. Onion is a slow-growth, shallow-rooted crop with non-shading habitus and therefore its productivity is highly dependent on water availability in the soil, proper fertilization and weed control. The shelf-life of onion bulbs is a genetic trait, improvable by efficient crop and post-harvest management, and adequate conditions of bulb storage. The quality of storage onion bulbs is ascribed to several indicators, such as thiosulfonates, pyruvic acid, soluble solids, sugars, and many other biological compounds. This review is also focused on onion quality as affected by the interactions among genotype, environment, farming practices and post-harvest management. 


2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-109
Author(s):  
Josphert Ngui Kimatu ◽  
Wincaster Makoani Mutuli ◽  
Jane Wanja Mbiri ◽  
Benard Mweu ◽  
Nahashon Musimba ◽  
...  

Managing grain moisture content is important because maximum economic return can be achieved by marketing at a certain moisture level of grain. Post-harvest management dictates that grains must be dried to certain levels to avoid development of fungal and insect problems, respiration and germination. However, over drying can also a lead to economic losses. Most farmers are aware of fungal development in moist grains but few are aware that they make less profit by over drying. Moreover, there are also bean varieties which genetically retain more water than others and hence can be safer and have more economic returns compared to others. But, this also should be matched to the rain pattern in a growing region. We compared six varieties of beans (KAT B1, KAT B9, and Kakunzu (KKZ), Rose Coco (GLP2/RCC), Kenya Tamu and KAT X56) grown in the South Eastern region of Kenya and found significant differences in dry moisture content, physical properties and grain weights. The Rose Coco and KAT X56 varieties had the highest moisture content retention but the KKZ variety the lowest. This explained why KKZ is favoured more by famers in arid areas with less rain during fruit maturation.


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