scholarly journals VITAMINS FOR PREGNANT, ACTIVE FOLATES WITH 100% ABSORPTION

2017 ◽  
pp. 48-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. G. Khilkevich ◽  
O. I. Yazykova

Study objective. To study the efficacy of folic acid drugs, in particular metafolin, at the stage of pregravid preparation and during pregnancy to prevent congenital malformations and complications of pregnancy.Material and methods. We conducted a search of the literature sources by the keywords «folic acid», «folates», «metafolin», «pregnancy», «methyltetrahydrofolate» in domestic and foreign databases: elibrary, Medline/PubMed, Embase, CINAHL. 23 sources were selected.Study results. One of the main challenges that the obstetrician faces is the prevention of pregnancy complications and congenital malformations of the fetus. In the literature there is considerable amount of evidence about the effectiveness of folic acid. However, the natural food folates and folic acid preparations may not be absorbed to a sufficient degree by the body in women with defects in folate-converting enzymes, the incidence rate of which reaches 50%.Conclusion. All women at the stage of pregravid preparation and during pregnancy should take folates to prevent complications of pregnancy and congenital malformations in the fetus. Given the high prevalence of mutations in genes responsible for folateconverting enzymes, in clinical practice it is recommended to use folates able to be absorbed by the body regardless of genetic variants of the folate cycle enzymes. 

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 194-197
Author(s):  
V.P. Mishchenko ◽  
I.V. Rudenko ◽  
M.Yu. Golubenko ◽  
N.A. Stamova

Preconceptional prophylaxis is a component of medicine, prevents occurrence of gestational complications, perinatal pathology, including congenital malformations. 30 patients and their husbands were examined who underwent preconception training 3 months prior to fertilization and 30 women without preconception training were examined. Preventing gestational complications, perinatal pathology, including congenital malformations, is advisable to begin at least 3 to 4 months before fertilization. This makes it possible to evaluate the premorbid background of the organisms of future parents, to determine and conduct a pathogenetically substantiated differentiated individualized complex stage full-fledged correction of metabolic disorders, taking into account the possible hereditary disruption of the activity of specific enzymes. The effectiveness of preconception prophylaxis of gestational complications depends both on the timely evaluation of the initial state of the organism of future parents and on the correction of the vitamin content in the body, which contributes to the stabilization of oxidation-reduction processes, folate cycle, balanced exchange of macro- and microelements under the control of the initial and the dynamics of monitoring the levels of these substances. The most modern drug of choice for the correction of the content of vitamins, macro-, microelements, amino acids is the vitamin complex Natalker I-II.


2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 100-105
Author(s):  
Toshihiko Hibino ◽  
Tomohiko Yoshida ◽  
Akira Sagawa ◽  
Ikuko Masuda ◽  
Takaaki Fukuda

Study objective: Needle fear is common among patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who require subcutaneous (SC) injections. The convenience, usability and safety of the etanercept biosimilar YLB113 in an injection pen were evaluated among patients who switched from syringe injection. Methods: Patients with RA who had completed the phase III clinical study of YLB113 in a pre-filled syringe (YLB113-002) were enrolled (n = 35) and received once-weekly SC injections with the injection pen (YLB113 50 mg) for 8 weeks. After 8 weeks, patients completed a qualitative survey evaluating the form and design of the pen, its operability, and patient preference for pen or syringe. Adverse events were evaluated throughout the study. Results: Most patients reported the pen was ‘very easy to grasp’ or ‘easy to grasp.’ The pen was also reported to be easy to operate. The click signalling the start and end of the injection could be heard ‘very well’ or ‘well’. Similarly, the injection solution check window could be seen by most patients. About three-quarters of respondents preferred the pen over a syringe. The pen was considered easier to use for the following reasons: the body is easy to grasp; the procedure is easy to understand; and the procedure can be performed without anxiety, fear, or tenseness. Conclusions: The majority of these Japanese subjects with RA in the study judged the YLB113 50 mg delivered by injection pen to be easy to use, convenient and well tolerated


2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-174
Author(s):  
L. O. Lovkina

Annotation. During pregnancy the body's needs for macro and micronutrients increases 2-3-fold. The woman's diet has great importance for the normal development of the fetus and the course of pregnancy. A balanced amount of protein, fat, carbohydrates and fiber prevents a lot of complications. However, research in recent years has found that a balanced diet is not enough for a pregnant woman. Micronutrients have the main role in the prevention of congenital malformations and complications of pregnancy, the need for which increases not only during pregnancy but also during lactation. Optimal levels of folic acid, iodine, vitamin D3, calcium and iron mainly ensure the normal course of pregnancy and fetal development. In this article the effect of each micronutrient on the body of a pregnant woman was considered.


2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian M. Cavagnari ◽  
◽  
Andrea Favieri ◽  
Luciana Zonis ◽  
Viviana Guajardo ◽  
...  

Introduction: knowing the deficiency of micronutrients intake is essential to develop intervention strategies and to evaluate programs aimed at improving nutritional status. Objectives: to determine the consumption and inadequacy of the intake of iron, calcium, zinc, folic acid and vitamins A, B12, C, D and E, in the diet of the Argentine population. Materials and methods: the sample consisted of 1,266 individuals (urban population 15-65 years old), stratified by region, age, sex and socioeconomic level (SEL). Intake data was collected with two 24-hour reminders (R24). Results: the relative risk (RR) of inadequate intake of calcium, folic acid, and vitamin B12 was higher for women. Iron consumption and inadequacy showed significant differences by sex (0.3% men, 11% women). Vitamin D inadequacy was almost 100% for the entire sample. All age groups presented high prevalence of inadequacy in calcium and vitamins C, A and D. Adolescents, adults over 50 years and the low SEL population presented a higher RR of calcium inadequacy (1.18, 1.21 and 1.17, respectively). A significant decrease in the average consumption of calcium (mg) (856.4, 770.5, 745.3), vitamins A (mcg) (643.6, 601.8, 536.2), C (mg) (54.2, 52.3, 44.8) and D (mcg) (3.7, 3.7, 3.2) was observed as the SEL decreased. Calcium inadequacy increased significantly with the body mass index. Conclusions: improving the intake of deficient micronutrients through public policies based on food education and scientific development is a public health priority.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayelom Mekonen ◽  
Yibrah Berhe ◽  
Birhane Alem Berihu ◽  
Hale Teka ◽  
Abera Hadgu ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Congenital malformations are defects of the morphogenesis of organs or body during the pregnancy period and are identifiable at pre- or postnatal. It is identified as the major cause of child mortality worldwide. There is a need to understand the prevalence of congenital malformations in Tigray in particular and Ethiopia in general as surveillance data are lacking. Hence, this study was designed to investigate the burden of gross congenital malformations in the Tigray Region, Northern Ethiopia. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted of birth outcomes diagnosed with structural malformations in the labor ward admitted to Ayder comprehensive specialized university hospital and five general hospitals namely Alamata, Lemlem Karl, Adwa, St Mary and Shul Hospitals from Tigray region between January 2018 and January 2019. Data on demographic and clinical findings of the mothers and their pregnancy outcomes were collected using a standard data collection tool. Simple descriptive statistics were used to characterize the study subjects. Statistical analysis was done using chi-square analysis and P value < 0.05 was considered significant. Results A total of 12225 births were recorded in the six hospitals during the study period. Of these, 383 births had gross congenital malformations of different degrees of severity and 12 of them were stillbirths. The overall occurrence of congenital malformations was 3.1 % of the total births (live births and stillbirths) examined. Central nervous system anomaly mainly Neural tube defect were found the commonest anomalies observed in this study. The maternal factors (maternal age, gravidity, abortion history, parity) and fetal factors (birth weight and gestational ages were significantly associated with the occurrence of the gross congenital malformations (p < 0.05). Conclusion This study has shown a high prevalence of gross congenital anomalies exists in the study communities. High prevalence of central nervous system-related malformations was observed in the Tigray region, given the high prevalence of nutritional deficiency and lack of periconceptional care that can impact the formation of the nervous system in the current study population. Hence, there should be an immediate food fortification with folic acid and periconceptional folic acid supplementation for all reproductive-age women in the region and the country at large.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayelom Mekonen ◽  
Yibrah Berhe ◽  
Birhane Alem Berihu ◽  
Hale Teka ◽  
Abera Hadgu ◽  
...  

Abstract Background: Congenital malformations are defects of the morphogenesis of organs or body during the pregnancy period and are identifiable at pre- or postnatal. It is identified as the major cause of child mortality worldwide. There is a need to understand the prevalence of congenital malformations in Tigray in particular and Ethiopia in general as surveillance data are lacking. Hence, this study was designed to investigate the burden of gross congenital malformations in the Tigray Region, Northern Ethiopia.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted of birth outcomes diagnosed with structural malformations in the labor ward admitted to Ayder comprehensive specialized university hospital and five general hospitals namely Alamata, Lemlem Karl, Adwa, St Mary and Shul Hospitals from Tigray region between January 2018 and January 2019. Data on demographic and clinical findings of the mothers and their pregnancy outcomes were collected using a standard data collection tool. Simple descriptive statistics were used to characterize the study subjects. Statistical analysis was done using chi-square analysis and P value<0.05 was considered significant. Results: A total of 12225 births were recorded in the six hospitals during the study period. Of these, 383 births had gross congenital malformations of different degrees of severity and 12 of them were stillbirths. The overall occurrence of congenital malformations was 3.1 % of the total births (live births and stillbirths) examined. Central nervous system anomaly mainly Neural tube defect were found the commonest anomalies observed in this study. The maternal factors (maternal age, gravidity, abortion history, parity) and fetal factors (birth weight and gestational ages were significantly associated with the occurrence of the gross congenital malformations (p<0.05). Conclusion: This study has shown a high prevalence of gross congenital anomalies exists in the study communities. High prevalence of central nervous system-related malformations was observed in the Tigray region, given the high prevalence of nutritional deficiency and lack of periconceptional care that can impact the formation of the nervous system in the current study population. Hence, there should be an immediate food fortification with folic acid and periconceptional folic acid supplementation for all reproductive-age women in the region and the country at large.


Swiss Surgery ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 121-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Halkic ◽  
Abdelmoumene ◽  
Gintzburger ◽  
Mosimann

Acute appendicitis is the most common acute surgical infection during pregnancy. Although usually pyogenic in origin, parasitic infections account for a small percentage of cases. Despite the relatively high prevalence of acute appendicitis in our environment, it is not commonly associated with schistosomiasis. We report here the association of pregnancy and appendicitis caused by Schistosoma haematobium. Schistosomiasis is very common complication of pregnancy in hyperendemic areas. Schistosome egg masses can lodge throughout the body and cause acute inflammation of the appendix, liver and spleen. Congestion of pelvic vessels during pregnancy facilitates passage of eggs into the villi and intervillous spaces, causing an inflammatory reaction. Tourism and immigration make this disease a potential challenge for practitioners everywhere.


Author(s):  
А.С. Казицкая ◽  
Т.К. Ядыкина ◽  
М.С. Бугаева ◽  
А.Г. Жукова ◽  
Н.Н. Михайлова ◽  
...  

В условиях непрерывного воздействия неблагоприятных факторов окружающей и производственной среды на человека особую актуальность приобретает изучение механизмов, поддерживающих гомеостаз организма. Длительное поступление фторидов в организм приводит к формированию хронической фтористой интоксикации, патогенез которой вызывает многочисленные споры и дискуссии. До сих пор недостаточно внимания уделяется изучению висцеральной патологии, обусловленной нарушениями иммунного статуса в условиях воздействия на организм соединений фтора. Практически отсутствуют исследования по изучению иммунной реактивности, определяющей морфофункциональный характер ответной реакции печени на ранних стадиях развития фтористой интоксикации. Цель работы - изучение действий патофизиологических механизмов иммунной реактивности печени при субхроническом действии на организм соединений фтора. Методика. Опыты проведены на 210 лабораторных крысах-самцах массой 180-220 г., разделенных на 2 группы: контрольную (n=80) и группу животных с субхроническим действием фторида натрия (n=130). Экспериментальные животные в течение 12 нед имели свободный доступ к водному раствору фторида натрия (концентрация 10 мг/л, что составляет суточную дозу фтора 1,2 мг/кг массы тела). Для изучения иммунологических и биохимических показателей забирали кровь из хвостовой вены через 1, 3, 6, 9, 12 нед от начала эксперимента. Для оценки состояния гуморального звена иммунитета определяли уровень сывороточных иммуноглобулинов (IgA, IgG, IgM) иммуноферментным анализом с помощью наборов реактивов ЗАО «Вектор-Бест» (Новосибирск). Уровень сывороточных цитокинов: TNF-α, IL-1β, 2, 4, 6, 10 определяли на анализаторе Multiskan EX методом иммуноферментного анализа с использованием наборов «Вектор Бест» (Новосибирск). Подсчет общего количества лейкоцитов произведен классическим способом в камере Горяева, анализ лейкоцитарной формулы - в окрашенных мазках периферической крови. Метаболические изменения оценивали по активности ферментов в ткани печени: щелочной фосфатазы (ЩФ), аланин- и аспартатаминотрансфераз (АЛТ, АСТ), лактатдегидрогеназы (ЛДГ), гаммаглутамилтранспептидазы (γ-ГТ). Активность ферментов определяли унифицированными методами с помощью наборов реактивов ЗАО «Вектор-Бест» (Новосибирск) на фотометре PM-750 (Германия). Гистологические исследования печени осуществляли после декапитации крыс, проводимой под эфирным наркозом. Результаты. Показано, что субхроническое воздействие фторида натрия сопровождается формированием внутриклеточных и внутрисосудистых повреждений печени. Активация медиаторов воспаления и развитие иммунологических нарушений в динамике эксперимента способствуют формированию системной воспалительной реакции, которая приводит к появлению стойких морфологических нарушений в печени и изменению активности ферментов основных метаболических путей. Заключение. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы при разработке и проведении профилактических мероприятий в условиях воздействия на организм высоких концентраций фтора с последовательным применением детоксикационной, иммуномодуляторной и органопротекторной коррекции. Studying mechanisms, which maintain the body homeostasis, is particularly important in the conditions of continuous impact of adverse environmental and manufacturing factors. Long-term exposure to fluorides leads to chronic fluoric intoxication, the pathogenesis of which is a subject of multiple controversy and discussions. Not enough attention is still paid to elucidating the visceral pathology associated with fluorine-induced immune disorders. There are virtually no studies of immune reactions that define the morphofunctional nature of the liver response to early stages of fluoric intoxication. Aim. To study pathophysiological mechanisms of hepatic immune reactivity in subchronic exposure of the body to fluorine compounds. Methods. Experiments were performed on 210 male rats weighing 180-220 g. The animals were divided into two groups: 1) control (n=80) and 2) subchronic exposure to sodium fluoride (n=130). The rats had free access to a 10 mg/l aqueous solution of sodium fluoride (daily dose, 1.2 mg/kg body weight) for 12 weeks. Blood was withdrawn from the caudal vein at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 weeks of the experiment for immunological and biochemical tests. Histological study of the liver was performed after decapitation of rats under ether anesthesia. Results. The subchronic exposure to sodium fluoride was associated with intracellular and intravascular damage of the liver. Activation of inflammatory mediators and development of immunological disorders during the experiment contributed to a systemic inflammatory reaction, which resulted in persistent morphological injuries of the liver and changes in enzyme activities in major metabolic pathways. Conclusion. The study results can be used for development and implementation of preventive measures against the effects of high fluorine concentrations, which would include a successive use of detoxification, immunomodulation and organ protection.


GYNECOLOGY ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
T S Amyan ◽  
S G Perminova ◽  
L V Krechetova ◽  
V V Vtorushina

Study objective. To evaluate the efficacy of intrauterine administration of autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) prior to embryo transfer in patients with recurrent implantation failures in IVF program. Materials and methods. The study enrolled 129 patients with recurrent implantation failures in an IVF programme. Group 1 - 42 patients who had intrauterine administration of autologous PBMC activated with hCG (Pregnyl 500 IU). Group 2 - 42 patients who had intrauterine administration of autologous PBMC without hCG activation. Group 3 (placebo) - 45 patients who had intrauterine administration of saline. Study results. In the hCG-activated PBMC group, the rates of positive blood hCG tests, implantation, and clinical pregnancy were significantly higher than the respective rates in the non-activated PBMC group and in the placebo group, both in a stimulated cycle and in an FET cycle (р≤0.05). Conclusion. Intrauterine administration of autologous PBMC prior to embryo transfer in an IVF/ICSI programme increases the efficacy of IVF program in patients with a history of recurrent implantation failures.


2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-111
Author(s):  
Stanislava Gardasevic

Purpose This paper presents the results of a qualitative study that involved students of an interdisciplinary PhD program. The study objective was to gather requirements to create a knowledge graph information system. The purpose of this study was to determine information-seeking practices and information needs of this community, to inform the functionalities of a proposed system, intended to help students with relevant resource discovery and decision-making. Design/methodology/approach The study design included semi-structured interviews with eight members of the community, followed by a website usability study with the same student participants. Findings Two main information-seeking styles are recognized and reported through user personas of international and domestic (USA) students. The findings show that the useful information resides within the community and not so much on the program website. Students rely on peer communication, although they report lack of opportunities to connect. Students’ information needs and information seeking are dependent on their progress through the program, as well as their motivation and the projected timeline. Practical implications Considering the current information needs and practices, a knowledge graph hosting both information on social networks and the knowledge produced by the activities of the community members would be useful. By recording data on their activities (for example, collaboration with professors and coursework), students would reveal further useful system functionalities and facilitate transfer of tacit knowledge. Originality/value Aside from the practical value of this research that is directly influencing the design of a system, it contributes to the body of knowledge on interdisciplinary PhD programs.


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