scholarly journals Evolution of Views on Entrepreneurship and Entrepreneurs in Scientific Research

2021 ◽  
Vol 2020 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-556
Author(s):  
Yuliya Pin'koveckaya
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Business Sector ◽  
Social Significance ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Municipal Management ◽  
Theory State ◽  
National Economies

Entrepreneurship is one of the fastest-growing spheres in most economically developed and developing countries. This article provides an overview of the most important scientific publications on business problems for almost three hundred years. It focuses on the theoretical research in such issues as the principles and concepts of entrepreneurship, as well as the role and social significance of entrepreneurs in national economies. It also touches upon various economic, managerial, organizational, and psychological aspects of entrepreneurship, e.g. new opportunities, motivation, etc. These publications formed the theoretical basis for the development of business sector as a driver of modern national economies, thus providing goods and services, reducing unemployment, developing innovation, and creating the middle class stratum. The present review can be used in further research, as well as in teaching business, economic theory, state and municipal management at university.

Features of economic development of entrepreneurship in suburban areas of the region

2020 ◽  
pp. 22-25
Author(s):  
Viktoriya Bondarenko
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Geographic Area ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
World Market ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Suburban Areas ◽  
The World

The level of economic development of entrepreneurship in any country in the world is crucial in increasing the competitiveness of the national economy in the world market of goods and services. The activities of economic entities are the driving force for the sustainable development of regions and their suburban areas, and they also impact the welfare of population. The article dwells on the analysis of scientific approaches to the regulation of economic development of enterprises in suburban areas of the region. The article analyzes the scientific approaches to the regulation of economic development of enterprises in suburban areas of the region. According to the well-known classics of the fundamental economic theory of entrepreneurship development (A. Smith, D. Ricardo, V. Laungard, A. Loria) the peculiarities of economic development of entrepreneurship in suburban territories of the region are determined by the possibility of distribution of surplus production, minimum production costs per unit of production, availability of labor resources. In modern economic theory (M. Weber, A. Pre, S.M. Kimelberg, E. Williams, C. Vlachou, O. Iakovidou, J. van Dijk, P. Pellenbarg) the development of entrepreneurship in suburban areas of the region can be determined by institutional, innovation, technological, social, ecological and other features of the economy at the regional, state or world levels. The complex and comprehensive generalization of the features of economic development of entrepreneurship in suburban areas is proposed. There are (1) the type of decision taken by an enterprise to carry out business activities in the relevant suburban area of the region, and (2) the influence of internal and external factors on economic activity. The article argues that large enterprises are guided by more objective decision-making reasons, attaching the most importance to the physical and innovative environment. Medium and small enterprises are mainly focused on getting benefits for the entrepreneur in the short-term time period and location in the nearest geographic area. The attention was paid to the tools of ensuring economic development of entrepreneurship in suburban areas of the region, taking into account institutional changes in the national economy and the experience of developed countries of the world.

The Role of the Business Sector in Global Health Politics

2018 ◽  
pp. 385-408
Author(s):  
Kelley Lee ◽  
Julia Smith
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Business Sector ◽  
Policy Debate ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Health Politics ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Private Interests ◽  
Health Related

The influence of for-profit businesses in collective action across countries to protect and promote population health dates from the first International Sanitary Conferences of the nineteenth century. The restructuring of the world economy since the late twentieth century and the growth of large transnational corporations have led the business sector to become a key feature of global health politics. The business sector has subsequently moved from being a commercial producer of health-related goods and services, contractor, and charitable donor, to being a major shaper of, and even participant in, global health policymaking bodies. This chapter discusses three sites where this has occurred: collective action to regulate health-harming industries, activities to provide for public interest needs, and participation in decision-making within global health institutions. These changing forms of engagement by the business sector have elicited scholarly and policy debate regarding the appropriate relationship between public and private interests in global health.

scholarly journals International Trade in Goods and Services: Aspects of Monetary and Financial Relations

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 40-49
Author(s):  
E.V. Potekhina ◽  
◽  
A.D. Efremova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Exchange Rate ◽  
World Economy ◽  
International Division ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
National Economies

the article examines such topical problems of the world economy as the peculiarities of interaction between the subjects of the world economy, international trade, international monetary and financial relations, the role of the exchange rate for national economies. The issues of the national economy of the Russian Federation and the degree of the country’s participation in the international division of labor and its openness are considered. In this paper, using the example of Russia, the export of goods and services is analyzed, its relationship with a number of factors (exchange rate and oil price), where the main tools are methods of statistical and econometric analysis.

scholarly journals Introduction of environmental innovations in the Republic of Kazakhstan

2020 ◽  
Vol 159 ◽  
pp. 01005
Author(s):  
Aigerim Kazhmuratova ◽  
Sandigul Akhmetkaliyeva ◽  
Aigul Boltaeva ◽  
Aisulu Moldabekova
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Modern Concept ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Technological Impact ◽  
The Republic ◽  
National Economies ◽  
Material Progress

This article discusses the widespread use by countries of environmental innovations and new technologies, which will soon bring serious economic and social changes to the life of all mankind. The need for radical changes in methods and means of environmental protection, which reduce the technological impact on the biosphere of the earth, and contributing to the preservation of human health, is shown. Under the conditions of technoglobalism, the development of environmental innovations brings serious economic and social changes to the life of all mankind, the transition of national economies to a system of qualitatively safe energy and environmental development. This is due to the fact that the planning and implementation of the material progress of society often does not take into account the ecological foundations of the coexistence of society and the environment. The modern concept of quality of life covers all aspects of the interaction between man and the environment, and ecology is becoming a priority for the development of innovative economies in developed countries. In this context, Kazakhstan intends to continue to work to stimulate and encourage innovation and investment in the environmentally friendly production of goods and services, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and apply climate-resilient technologies.

Small Business Collaboration Through Electronic Marketplaces

2011 ◽  
pp. 569-576
Author(s):  
Yin Leng Tan ◽  
Linda Macaulay
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Alliances ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Business Sector ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Uk ◽  
National Economies ◽  
Data Design ◽  
Business Framework

It is widely recognized that small businesses with less than 50 employees make significant contributions to the prosperity of local, regional, and national economies. They are a major source of job creation and a driving force of economic growth for developed countries like the USA (Headd, 2005; SBA, 2005), the UK (Dixon, Thompson, & McAllister, 2002; SBS, 2005), Europe (European Commission, 2003), and developing countries such as China (Bo, 2005). The economic potential is further strengthened when firms collaborate with each other; for example, formation of a supply chain, strategic alliances, or sharing of information and resources (Horvath, 2001; O’Donnell, Cilmore, Cummins, & Carson, 2001; MacGregor, 2004; Todeva & Knoke, 2005). Owing to heterogeneous aspects of small businesses, such as firm size and business sector, a single e-business solution is unlikely to be suitable for all firms (Dixon et al., 2002; Taylor & Murphy, 2004a); however, collaboration requires individual firms to adopt standardized, simplified solutions based on open architectures and data design (Horvath, 2001). The purpose of this article is to propose a conceptual e-business framework and a generic e-catalogue, which enables small businesses to collaborate through the creation of an e-marketplace. To assist with the task, analysis of data from 6,000 small businesses situated within a locality of Greater Manchester, England within the context of an e-business portal is incorporated within this study.

Theory Research on Full Metal Single Screw Pump

2013 ◽  
Vol 345 ◽  
pp. 233-237
Author(s):  
Ben Liang Yu ◽  
Jun Fei Wu ◽  
Ying Yu
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Reciprocating Motion ◽  
Screw Pump ◽  
Single Screw ◽  
Rotor Profile ◽  
Motion Characteristics ◽  
Theory Research

This paper first studied the feasibility in application and advantages of the the full metal single screw pump by the method of theoretical research . Then the paper deducted the motion characteristics of the rotor around the stator and flow rate of the metal single screw pump .It is pointed that the center of the rotor profile is always located in the long shaft of the section of stator in any section .As the rotor rotates, the center of the rotor profile on this section takes straight reciprocating motion along the long axis of stator section .The results indicate that it exists feasibility in the designing and processing of full metal single screw pump. Thereby it provides theoretical basis for the application of full metal screw pump.

scholarly journals Analysis of Consumption on the Goods and Services Market in the Cybernetic Model of Selected Country

2019 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 01021
Author(s):  
Pavel Rousek
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Consumption Function ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Cybernetic Model ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Real ◽  
Goods And Services

The paper analyses the consumption on the goods and services market in the cybernetic model of Czechia. The theoretical basis is given by the consumption function in the short-term, the macroeconomic multiplier of the two-sector economy and the cybernetic model with the goods and services market. All the above-mentioned theory is applied to the real conditions of the selected country, which is the Czech Republic.

ASSESSMENT OF THE SECTORAL SPECIALIZATION OF EARLY ENTREPRENEURS: DATA FROM MODERN COUNTRIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 74-81
Author(s):  
Yuliia S. Pinkovetskaia
Keyword(s):  
Business Development ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
Industry Specialization ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Service Sectors ◽  
The Government ◽  
National Economies ◽  
Sectoral Policy

The relevance of the study of early entrepreneurship in modern national economies is determined by the increasing importance of entrepreneurs in both developed and developing countries. Entrepreneurs make a significant contribution to the economic growth, increasing gross domestic product, creating new jobs, and reducing poverty and social exclusion. Therefore, one of the main tasks of public administration bodies is to develop and implement measures that ensure an effective sectoral policy in the field of business development. The purpose of the study becomes the assessment of the current level of specialization of early entrepreneurs in modern national economies. In the course of the research, the following tasks were solved: determining the main sectors in which entrepreneurs create their business; forming an array of empirical data describing the specific weights of entrepreneurs specializing in the production of goods and services in the total number of early entrepreneurs by country; developing economic and mathematical models that characterize the two main sectors of specialization of early entrepreneurs. The source of information for assessing the industry specialization of start-up entrepreneurs became the data provided in the Global entrepreneurship monitoring project, based on the results of a survey of more than 2000 early entrepreneurs in each of the 50 countries. In the process of economic and mathematical modeling, the authors developed density functions of normal distribution. The result of the computational experiment was an assessment of the values of indicators that characterize the involvement of early entrepreneurs in the production and service sectors of national economies. As a result of the research, the average values and ranges of changes in indicators of industry specialization were established, and countries with high and low values of indicators were identified; a comparative analysis of the values of indicators for Russia and foreign countries is carried out; three hypotheses put forward during the research were confirmed. The obtained research results have a significant novelty and originality, they have a certain theoretical and applied value. The proposed indicators and their calculation models can be used in justifying business development programs by the government, regional and municipal authorities. The results of calculations are of interest to entrepreneurs, including beginners.

Economic Theory and Urban Planning

1975 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 497-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
M J Oxley
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Market Failure ◽  
Welfare Economics ◽  
Perfect Competition

The lack of a theoretical basis for urban planning is stressed. It is suggested that welfare economics could provide the means for analysing the problems and a framework for developing alternative courses of action. This is achieved by examining the concept of welfare optimisation, the optimality of perfect competition, and the nature of market failure.

scholarly journals The Sociodemographic Aspect of Sustainable Development Formation of the Agroindustrial Complex in the Far Eastern Federal District

2021 ◽  
Vol 937 (3) ◽  
pp. 032109
Author(s):  
N Pastukhova ◽  
E Emelyanova ◽  
A Nishchev
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Regional Features ◽  
Regional Factors ◽  
The Common ◽  
Agroindustrial Complex ◽  
Far Eastern

Abstract The article describes the sociodemographic aspect of sustainable development formation of the agroindustrial complex, consistent with the regional features. The methodological and theoretical basis of this publication is the works of economic theory founders and the works of domestic and foreign scientists on the problems of the sociodemographic aspect of sustainable development formation of the agroindustrial sector. The methodology based on the revealing and studying the problems of the sociodemographic aspect of sustainable development of the agroindustrial complex and the common and regional factors of sustainable development of the agroindustrial complex. Used methods: analysis, synthesis, monographical, analytical, abstract-logical, calculation and constructive, economic and statistical, economic and mathematical, sociologial, expert.

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