scholarly journals Social aspects of patients with carcinoma breast presented to Sir Ganga Ram Hospital Lahore

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andleeb Khanam ◽  
Aamer Zaman Khan ◽  
Absar Nazir ◽  
Muhammad Saleem ◽  
Amer Riaz Bhutta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Family History ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Carcinoma Breast ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Breast Fed ◽  
Lower Group

This study was carried out in Sir Ganga Ram Hospital from January 2001 to December 2003. 525 patients with carcinoma breast were selected and a detailed demographic record was maintained. It was seen that the largest no. of cases were between 30-39 years i.e., 37.33% Socioeconomic status showed that 47.24 % belong to lower group 80.38% were house wives Marital status showed 97.14% were married 66.67% patients belong to rural areas. Age at the time of first pregnancy was between 22-27 years i.e., 75% of cases. Average number of children was 5 seen in 52.78% cases. Lactation status showed 41.67% had breast fed their children for 18 months. Family history was positive in 2.7% patients.. Average size of the lump was 6-10cm i.e 55.6%. It was T3 tumor in 47.22% of cases.

scholarly journals Tourist Activity of Senior Citizens (60+) Residing in Urban and Rural Areas

2016 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aneta Omelan ◽  
Robert Podstawski ◽  
Marek Raczkowski
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Senior Citizens ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Rural Residents ◽  
Financial Status ◽  
Permanent Residence

AbstractThe objective of this study was to analyze the influence of place of permanent residence (urban or rural) on the tourist activity of senior citizens (60+) of different socioeconomic statuses. The study involved 380 senior citizens (305 female and 75 male) aged 60 years and older who were permanent residents of the region of Warmia and Mazury, Poland. In this group, 244 subjects resided in urban areas and 136 participants were rural dwellers. The respondents were asked to complete a questionnaire regarding their socioeconomic status (place of permanent residence, age, gender, educational attainment, financial status, membership in senior organizations, marital status, and professional activity) and tourist activity. A significance test of two structure coefficients (α=0.05) was applied. Factors such as gender, professional activity, and marital status were not related with the travel propensity of seniors from different groups (urban and rural), but were significant when rural residents were compared with urban dwellers. Seniors residing in urban areas of Warmia and Mazury, Poland, were significantly more likely to travel for leisure than those residing in rural areas. The tourist activity of seniors decreased significantly (p<0.05) with the age (60-74 years) and financial status of rural residents. The travel propensity of elderly people increased significantly (p<0.05) with educational attainment and membership in senior organizations. The study revealed considerable differences in the socioeconomic status and social characteristics of seniors residing in rural and urban areas, and those variations significantly influenced their propensity for travel: urban residents traveled more frequently than rural residents. It can be concluded that place of residence was a crucial factor determining the tourist behavior of senior citizens, and urban dwellers were more likely to travel.

Family Network and Mortality: Survival Chances through the Lifespan of an Entire Age Cohort

1993 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 277-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gillis Samuelsson ◽  
Ove Dehlin
Keyword(s):  
Survival Analysis ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Social Mobility ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Dropout Rate ◽  
Family Network ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Never Married ◽  
Number Of Children

This study relates certain family network variables (marital status and number of children) to chances of survival. Through multivariate analysis, survival is also related to social class, social mobility, migration and local environment, and legitimacy of birth. All persons in a local birth cohort born in the years 1902 and 1903 were followed in population records from birth until eighty years of age. The group comprised 487 individuals with a dropout rate of 4 percent. Univariate survival analysis between twenty to eighty years of age showed widows and also divorced women to have a significantly higher survival than those still married and never married. Never married men and women had the lowest survival rates. The number of children was not associated with survival for neither men nor women when controlled for marital status. Multiple regression survival analysis showed different patterns for males and females. The risk of not surviving to eighty years of age for men resulted from a combination of being single, downward social mobility, a father in the manual working class group and few children, with being single as the strongest predictor. For women the strongest predictor for death before eighty was the category single and/or married (as opposed to earlier married). The combination of being single/married, high migration, earlier life mainly in rural areas, and having few children were predictors in the model of death before eighty. Thus, for both men and women marital status was the strongest predictor for survival but in different ways.

scholarly journals Impact of promoting self-care in nursing workload

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 635-641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Armando dos Santos Trettene ◽  
Cassiana Mendes Bertoncelo Fontes ◽  
Ana Paula Ribeiro Razera ◽  
Marcia Ribeiro Gomide
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Nursing Workload ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact

Abstract OBJECTIVES To assess the impact of promoting self-care in nursing workload and associate it to the variables: age, gender, socioeconomic status, education, marital status and number of children of caregivers. METHODS Prospective study with 31 children and their caregivers. Participants were assessed at two moments, 1st and 2nd hospitalization, the nursing workload was measured by the Nursing Activities Score (NAS). RESULTS The mean NAS in the 1st hospitalization was 60.9% and in the 2nd hospitalization was 41.6%, that is, 14.6 and 9.9 hours of nursing, respectively. The nursing workload on the first day of hospitalization was higher compared to the last day, both for the 1st (p<0.001) and for the 2nd hospitalization (p<0.001), and higher in the first (p<0.001) and in the last day (p=0.025) in the 1st hospitalization. Comparing the 1st hospitalization to the 2nd hospitalization, the first was higher (p<0.001), and NAS items related to the training of self-care was influenced (p<0.001). CONCLUSION The nursing workload associated to self-care promotion corresponded to 14.6 hours and was higher than determined by the existing legislation.

scholarly journals Determinants of active pulmonary tuberculosis in Ambo Hospital, West Ethiopia

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tenna Ephrem ◽  
Bezatu Mengiste ◽  
Frehiwot Mesfin ◽  
Wanzahun Godana
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Worm Infestation ◽  
History Of

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine factors associated with active pulmonary tuberculosis seen in cases in Ambo Hospital, Ethiopia.Design: A facility-based prospective case-control study.Setting: Patients attending Ambo Hospital from 01 December 2011 to 29 March 2012.Participants: The sample included 312 adult patients attending Ambo Hospital. The main outcome measure was presence of active pulmonary tuberculosis (TB).Explanatory measures: Age, gender, occupation, educational status, marital status, place of residence, patient history of TB, family history of TB, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, smoking, alcohol intake, khat chewing, body mass index (BMI), employment, diabetes, history of asthma, previous history of worm infestation, history of hospitalisation, number of adults living in the household (HH), person per room, housing condition.Results: A total of 312 study participants, including 104 active pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) cases (cases) and 208 non-active PTB cases (controls), were recruited for the present study. Having one or more family member with a history of TB (OR = 4.4; 95% CI: 1.50–12.90), marital status (OR = 7.6; 95% CI: 2.2–12.6), male gender (OR = 3.2; 95% CI: 1.4–7), rural residence (OR = 3.3; P = 0.012), being a current or past smoker (OR = 2.8; 95% CI: 1.1–7.2), BMI < 18.5 (OR = 2.1; 95% CI: 1.03–4.2), HIV infection (OR = 8.8; 95% CI: 2.4–23.8) and a history of worm infestation (OR = 6.4; 95% CI: 2.6–15.4) remained significant independent host-related factors for active PTB.Conclusion: Patients who came from a compound with more than two HHs were more likely to develop active PTB than those who came from a compound with only one HH. Those who lived in houses with no windows were more likely to develop active PTB than those who lived in houses with one or more windows, had a family history of TB, lived in rural areas. Sex of the patient was a predicting factor. Not being the owner of the house was significantly more associated with active PTB. Measures taken to reduce the prevalence and burden of active PTB should consider these determinant factors.

scholarly journals Infrastructural and Social Aspects of ICT Dissemination in Rural Areas in Ukraine in Juxtaposition with Other Post-Transition Countries—State of Play and Prospects for Rural Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Synowiec
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Digital Literacy ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Transition Countries ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Information And Communication

The objective of this study is to identify the current state of, and the prospects for, information and communication technologies (ICT) dissemination in rural areas in Ukraine in juxtaposition with other post-transition countries. The spread of ICT is discussed within the frame of economic, infrastructural, and social factors affecting rural areas in Ukraine since the post-communist transition period. Information and communication technologies may support the socio-economic development of peripheral areas in many ways—including rural ones. Dissemination of ICT contributes to the emergence of sources of income, equalizes education opportunities, and increases the attractiveness of rural areas. However, the rural—urban divide in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe and other former USSR countries is still remarkable and, as a type of structural inequality, should be better recognized. The source material is based on secondary data, which consists of selected literature on the subject of rural development in Central and Eastern European Countries, strategic documents, available reports and studies of international institutions, research from agencies, state documents and statistics, and research conducted by international and domestic NGOs. In reference to the paper’s objective, the method of content analysis was employed. Dissemination of ICT in rural areas in Ukraine is influenced by two groups of factors. The infrastructural divide concerning Internet access between rural and urban populations in Ukraine has been diminishing, but the issue of structural exclusion due to place of residence has still not been solved. As far as the social aspects of ICT dissemination in rural areas in Ukraine are concerned, the level of digital literacy among rural dwellers is significantly lower in comparison to urban residents. Rural areas are more exposed to the consequences of various aspects of digital exclusion.

Hospitalization burden and end-of-life (EOL) care in elderly patients with glioblastoma (GBM).

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (28_suppl) ◽  
pp. 31-31
Author(s):  
Laura Donovan ◽  
Donna Buono ◽  
Melissa Kate Accordino ◽  
Jason Dennis Wright ◽  
Andrew B. Lassman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Palliative Care ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
Remaining Life ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Palliative Care Services ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Eol Care

31 Background: GBM is associated with a poor prognosis and early death in elderly patients. Prior studies have demonstrated a high burden of hospitalization in this population. We sought to evaluate and examine trends in hospitalizations and EOL care in GBM survivors. Methods: Using SEER-Medicare linked data, we performed a retrospective observational cohort study of patients aged ≥ 65 years diagnosed with GBM from 2005-2017 who lived at least 6 months from the time of diagnosis. Aggressive EOL care was defined as: chemotherapy or radiotherapy within 14 days of death (DOD), surgery within 30 DOD, > 1 emergency department visit, ≥ 1 hospitalization or intensive care unit admission within 30 DOD; in-hospital death; or hospice enrollment ≤ 3 DOD. We evaluated age, race, ethnicity, marital status, gender, socioeconomic status, comorbidities, prior treatment and percentage of time hospitalized. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to determine factors associated with aggressive end of life care. Results: Of 5827 patients, 2269 (38.9%) survived at least 6 months. Among these, 1106 (48.7%) survived 6-12 months, 558 (24.6%) survived 12-18 months, and 605 (26.7%) survived > 18 months. Patients who survived 6-12 months had the highest burden of hospitalization and spent a median of 10.6% of their remaining life in the hospital compared to those surviving 12-18 months (5.4%) and > 18 months (3%) (P < 0.001). 10.1% of the cohort had claims for palliative care services; 49.8% of initial palliative care consults occurred in the last 30 days of life. Hospice claims existed in 83% with a median length of stay 33 days (IQR 12, 79 days). 30.1% of subjects received aggressive EOL care. Receiving chemo at any time (OR 1.510, 95% CI 1.221-1.867) and spending ≥ 20% of life in the hospital after diagnosis (OR 3.331, 95% CI 2.567-4.324) were associated with aggressive EOL care. Women (OR 0.759, 95% CI 0.624-0.922), patients with higher socioeconomic status (OR 0.533, 95% CI 0.342-0.829), and those diagnosed ≥ age 80 (OR 0.723, 95% CI 0.528-0.991) were less likely to receive aggressive EOL care. Race, ethnicity, marital status, and extent of initial resection were not associated with aggressive EOL care. Conclusions: A minority of elderly patients with GBM in the SEER-Medicare database survived ≥ 6 months; hospitalizations were common and patients spent a significant proportion of their remaining life hospitalized. Although hospice utilization was high in this cohort, 30% of patients received aggressive EOL care. Despite the aggressive nature of GBM, few patients had palliative care consults during their illness. Increased utilization of palliative care services may help reduce hospitalization burden and aggressive EOL care in this population.

Demographic Profile Associated With Malnutrition

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adnan Khalil ◽  
Shahid Bashir ◽  
Morad Yaser Al Mostafa
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Questionnaire Data ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Demographic Profile ◽  
Malnourished Children ◽  
One Year

Worldwide, malnutrition is the severe most health problem leading to the highest rate of disease andmortality among children less than 5 years of age. Objective: To find out the association betweenmalnutrition and demographic profile. Methods: 350 malnourished children were chosen by nonprobabilityconvenient sampling technique from Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Lahore. Children wereassessed through pre-tested questionnaire. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 21.0. Results: 45%malnourished children were 1-3 years of age, majority of the children were females (52%), 89% childrenwere from rural areas, 82.6% children were from low socioeconomic status, 54.6% mothers wereuneducated, 50% malnourished children were not having their own house, 115 malnourished childrenwere having 3 or more siblings and 89 mothers were having less than one year of pregnancy gap.Conclusions: Low socioeconomic status, illiteracy of mothers, rural area, gap between pregnancy andfemale gender has been found to be linked with malnutrition in children below 5 years of age.

scholarly journals Effects of Passive Exposure to Tobacco, Socioeconomic Status and a Family History of Essential Hypertension on Lipid Profiles in Children.

1996 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 917-923 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akin ISCAN ◽  
B. Sami UYANIK ◽  
Nureddin VURGUN ◽  
Aydin ECE ◽  
M. Ramazan YIGITOGLU
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Family History ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
Passive Exposure ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Spatial distribution of schistosomiasis and geohelminthiasis cases in the rural areas of Pernambuco, Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 633-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verônica Santos Barbosa ◽  
Karina Conceição Araújo ◽  
Onicio Batista Leal Neto ◽  
Constança Simões Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Kernel Estimator ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Density Maps ◽  
Significant Public Health Problem ◽  
Significant Public Health

INTRODUCTION: The prevalence and intensity of geohelminth infections and schistosomiasis remain high in the rural areas of Zona da Mata, Pernambuco (ZMP), Brazil, where these parasites still represent a significant public health problem. The present study aimed to spatially assess the occurrences of schistosomiasis and geohelminthiasis in the ZMP. METHODS: The ZMP has a population of 1,132,544 inhabitants, formed by 43 municipalities. An ecological study was conducted, using secondary data relating to positive human cases and parasite loads of schistosomiasis and positive human cases of geohelminthiasis that were worked up in Excel 2007. We used the coordinates of the municipal headquarters to represent the cities which served as the unit of analysis of this study. The Kernel estimator was used to spatially analyze the data and identify distribution patterns and case densities, with analysis done in ArcGIS software. RESULTS: Spatial analysis from the Kernel intensity estimator made it possible to construct density maps showing that the northern ZMP was the region with the greatest number of children infected with parasites and the populations most intensely infected by Schistosoma mansoni. In relation to geohelminths, there was higher spatial distribution of cases of Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura in the southern ZMP, and greater occurrence of hookworms in the northern/central ZMP. CONCLUSIONS: Despite several surveys and studies showing occurrences of schistosomiasis and geohelminthiasis in the ZMP, no preventive measures that are known to have been effective in decreasing these health hazards have yet been implemented in the endemic area.

scholarly journals Rastreando doenças crônicas na comunidade indígena

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (33) ◽  
pp. 270-279
Author(s):  
Letícia Penariwê Sousa Wa Rovêdenê ◽  
Marise Ramos de Souza ◽  
Marlene Andrade Martins ◽  
Letícia Palota Eid ◽  
Marcos Antonio Nunes de Araujo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Indigenous Health ◽  
Blood Pressure Monitor ◽  
Pressure Monitor ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Systemic Arterial Hypertension

A hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS), diabetes mellitus (DM), sedentarismo e síndrome metabólica afetam a saúde indígena. Este estudo objetivou identificar hipertensos e diabéticos na etnia Xavante, Mato Grosso. A amostra foi de 50 indígenas, caracterizados quanto ao sexo, idade, escolaridade, renda, estado civil e número de filhos. Fez-se a anamnese e avaliação clínica, com antecedentes de DM e/ou HAS, uso de medicações tradicionais ou não. Usaram-se tensiômetro digital de pulso e um glicosímetro capilar. Fez-se a análise com os testes qui-quadrado, Pearson, Kruskal wallis, t de Student, Coeficiente de correlação de Pearson e ANOVA. Um terço dos participantes recebiam até um salário mínimo; 22% eram compatíveis com pré-diabetes e 26% diabéticos; a HAS esteve em uma média de 122,5 (±14,5) por 79,8 (±9,4) mmHg. Houve relação significativa entre a renda, estado civil, idade e presença de filhos, com os dados clínicos e os aspectos multifatoriais de risco.Descritores: Indígena, Hipertensão Arterial, Diabetes Mellitus. Tracking chronic disease in an indigenous communityAbstract: Systemic arterial hypertension (SAH), diabetes mellitus (DM), physical inactivity and metabolic syndrome affect indigenous health. This study aimed to identify hypertensive and diabetic people from Xavante ethnic group in Mato Grosso - Brazil. The sample consisted in 50 indigenous people, characterized by gender, age, educational level, income, marital status and number of children. It was made the anamnesis and a clinical evaluation, asking for precondition on DM and/or SAH, and the use or not of traditional medicine. It was used a digital wrist blood pressure monitor and a capillary blood glucose meter. It was performed a chi-square test, a Pearson test, a Kruskal Wallis test, a Student's t test, a Pearson's correlation coefficient and an ANOVA tests. One third of the participants received up to one minimum wage; 22% of them were compatible with pre-diabetes and 26% were diabetic; the average the SAH was 122.5 (± 14.5) by 79.8 (± 9.4) mmHg. It was found a significant relationship between income, marital status, age and presence of children, with clinical data and multifactorial risk aspects.Descriptors: Indigenous, Systemic Arterial Hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus. Rastreando enfermedades crónicas en la comunidad indígenaResumen: La hipertensión arterial sistémica (HAS), diabetes mellitus (DM), sedentarismo y síndrome metabólico afectan la salud indígena. Este estudio tiene como objetivo identificar hipertensos y diabéticos de la etnia Xavante, Mato Grosso. La muestra fue compuesta por 50 indígenas, caracterizados por sexo, edad, escolaridad, renta, estado civil y número de hijos. Se hizo la anamnesis y la evaluación clínica, con antecedentes de DM y/o HAS y el uso de medicaciones tradicionales. Se usaron tensiómetro digital de pulso y glucómetro capilar. Se hizo el análisis con las pruebas Chi-cuadrado, Pearson, Kruskal Wallis, t de Student, coeficiente de correlación de Pearson y ANOVA. Un tercio de los participantes recibían hasta un salario mínimo; 22% eran compatibles con prediabetes y 26% diabéticos; la HAS estuvo en una media de 122,5 (±14,5) por 79,8 (±9,4) mmHg. Hubo relación significativa entre renta, estado civil, edad y presencia de hijos, con los datos clínicos y los aspectos multifactoriales de riesgo.Descriptores: Indígena, Hipertensión Arterial, Diabetes Mellitus.

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