scholarly journals Child undernutrition in households with microbiologically safer drinking water and ‘improved water’ in Tanna, Vanuatu

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 416-429
Author(s):  
Alexandra L. Morrison ◽  
Hanneke Lewthwaite ◽  
Lisa A. Houghton ◽  
Daniel Sum Jimmy Nasak ◽  
Katrina J. Sharples ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Development Goal ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Child Undernutrition ◽  
Compartment Bag Test

Abstract The Sustainable Development Goal drinking water indicators include microbiological safety measures, whereas the Millennium Development Goal indicator ‘improved water’ may be microbiologically unsafe. In rural Vanuatu, we undertook household surveys, child anthropometry, and tested stored drinking water, to investigate relationships between water and undernutrition. Using Escherichia coli most probable number, we categorized results according to Compartment Bag Test drinking water cutoffs: <1/100 mL (safe), 1–10/100 mL (intermediate risk), >10–100/100 mL (high risk), and >100/100 mL (very high risk). Of 201 households, 191 (95%) had microbiologically unsafe drinking water, regardless of ‘improved’ status. We investigated cross-sectional associations between households with microbiologically safer drinking water (≤10 E. coli/100 mL) versus ‘improved water’ and undernutrition among children. Of children under 5, 145 (48.8%, 95% CI: 42.8, 54.8) were stunted and 59 (19.1%, 95% CI: 14.4, 23.8) were underweight. Among households with ‘improved water’, the adjusted prevalence ratio (95% CI) of stunting was 0.61 (0.46, 0.80) and underweight was 0.46 (0.29, 0.73) compared with ‘unimproved water’. However, we found no association between having drinking water with ≤10 E. coli/100 mL at one point in time and undernutrition. Longer-term variations in water quality and unmeasured conditions beyond water may have contributed to these associations.

scholarly journals Escherichia Coli Content in Refill Drinking Water (AMIU) in Samatiga District, West Aceh Regency

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Azwar Azwar ◽  
Safrida Safrida ◽  
Yarmaliza Yarmaliza ◽  
Fitrah Reynaldi ◽  
Arfah Husna
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
World Health ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Escherichia Coli Bacteria

The quality of drinking water supply must be guaranteed. The WHO (World Health Organization) determines water quality by means of E. Coli bacteria. Based on the Minister of Health Regulation No. 492 / MENKES / PER / IV / 2010 The maximum permissible content of E. Coli in drinking water is 0 per 100 ml. The presence of E. coli in water is an indicator of human and animal fecal pollution that can cause diarrhea and even death. Selection of Refillable Drinking Water (AMIU) as an alternative to fulfill drinking water needs is a risk that can endanger health if the quality of AMIU is added if consumers do not pay attention to safety and hygiene. This study aims to see the content of E. coli in Refill Drinking Water (AMIU) in Samatiga District, West Aceh Regency. This research is experimental with cross sectional design using quantitative laboratory examination with the Most Probable Number (MPN) method. The population in this study were all refill drinking water depots that did not have a drinking certificate in Samatiga District, West Aceh Regency. The research sample used a total sampling method of 7 refill drinking water depots. The results of the analysis showed that from all samples as many as 6 samples (85.71%) tested positive for Escherichia coli bacteria and 1 sample (14.29%) tested negative for Escherichia coli bacteria. Based on the calculation of the number of colonies with the MPN / 100 ml table then comparing with the requirements of the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia Number 492 / Menkes / Per / IV / 2010 concerning drinking water quality requirements that the 6 samples tested positive were not suitable for consumption.

scholarly journals Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Drin Prevalence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Drink from Different Food Premises in Kota Samarahan Sarawak

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. a13-19
Author(s):  
ELEXSON NILLIAN ◽  
AMIZA NUR ◽  
DIYANA NUR ◽  
AMIRAH ZAKIRAH ◽  
GRACE BEBEY
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Plain Water ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Preventive Actions ◽  
Stx1 Gene

Contamination of drinks with E. coli O157:H7 served in food premises such as restaurants can cause haemorrhagic colitis and haemolytic uremic syndrome to humans. The presence or absence of faecal pathogen was demonstrated using coliform group as indicator microorganisms. Therefore, this study was conducted to detect the presence of E. coli O157:H7 in drinking water from food restaurant premise in Kota Samarahan and Kuching to ensure safe and potable drinking water is served to the consumer. A total of thirty (n=30) drink samples including six types of each of the samples are cold plain water, iced tea, iced milo, syrup and iced milk tea. Most Probable Number (MPN) procedure was used in this study to enumerate the MPN values of coliform bacteria in each drink collected. A total of 53.33% (16/30) of the drink samples showed positive E. coli detection. Then, the PCR assay showed 6.25% (one out of 16 isolates) samples were positive and carried stx1 gene produced by E. coli O157:H7 in iced milo sample types. This study showed the drinks collected from food premises was contaminated with faecal contamination, which was not safe to drink by the consumer. Therefore, preventive actions should be taken to prevent foodborne illness outbreak in future

Detection of Coliform, faecal Coliform And Total Bacterial Count From Drinking Water Of Varanasi (U.P.) India

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alok Kumar Singh ◽  
Anand Prakash Singh ◽  
Sanjay Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Total Bacterial Count ◽  
Indicator Organisms ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Hand Pump

In India source of drinking water at Varanasi city for common people are tap water, well, hand pump, Ganga river and stored tank water collected from bore well. All water samples were studied to assess their bacteriological characteristics and suitability for potable purposes. A cross-sectional epidemiological method was adopted to investigate the drinking water of six different sites of Varanasi city. The bacteriological examination of water samples included the most probable number of presumptive coliforms, faecal coliforms, and total bacterial count. The results showed that the total coliform count was detected in all the site. In all the methods coliforms presence was indicated. Maximum number of coliform observed in all the seasons, were from river and well water followed by hand pump, tap water and stored tank. The most common group of indicator organisms used in water quality monitoring are coliforms. These organisms are representative of bacteria normally present in the intestinal tract of mammals including human. Contamination of water may occur through different way like sewage disposal in the river, seepage of bathing near sites, fecal excreta of human, bird and other animals. Improving and expanding the existing water treatment and sanitation systems are more likely to provide good, safe and sustainable sources of water in the long term.

scholarly journals Effect of Good Hygiene Sanitation and Personal Hygiene Depot Management of Refill Drinking Water on the Quality of Drinking Water Reviewed from Most-Probable-Number Coliform in Kediri

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 241
Author(s):  
Indasah Indasah
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Hygiene Management

Drinking water is a basic human need and must meet health requirements. Drinking water depots are a means of filling drinking water which is in the process of processing raw water using treatment and sterilization system. Drinking water depots as providers of drinking water must also meet the requirements of sanitation hygiene and personal hygiene management must also be maintained so that the water produced meets health requirements. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of sanitation hygiene and personal hygiene management of refill drinking water depots on the quality of drinking water in terms of the Most Probable Number Coliform in Kediri. The research design used was analytic observational with cross sectional approach. The population of all refill drinking water depots in Kediri is 57, with the sampling technique that is Simple Random Sampling, where a portion of refill drinking water depots in Kediri are 50. Data is collected by check list, questionnaire and laboratory examination. The results showed that most of the hygiene sanitation of the drinking water depot had fulfilled the requirements of 77%, the drinking water personal hygiene depot was good as much as 85% and those who met the drinking water requirements were 70%. The results of the hygiene feasibility analysis showed the value of Sig 0.000<0.05 (R=0.935) means that there was an effect of hygiene sanitation quality with water quality in terms of the Most Probable Number Coliform. While the personal hygiene value of Sig 0.001 <0.05 (R = 0.528) indicates that there is a personal hygiene influence with water quality in terms of the Most Probable Number Coliform. The results of Logistic Regression test showed that there were effects of sanitation hygiene and personal hygiene management of refill drinking water depots with water quality in terms of the Most Probable Number Coliform with a significance value = 0.000 <a 0.05. This shows that the hygiene and the better personal hygiene at refill drinking water depots is increasingly fulfilling water quality requirements in terms of the Most Probable Number Coliform

scholarly journals DETEKSI BAKTERI Escherichia coli DALAM AIR MINUM ISI ULANG YANG DISTERILISASI ULTRAVIOLET DI WILAYAH KECAMATAN JAGAKARSA

Jurnal BIOMA ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Rezki Rachmawati ◽  
Muzajjanah Muzajjanah ◽  
Yoswita Rustam
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Coliform Bacterium ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Biological Contamination ◽  
Drinking Water Samples

Refill Water Depot is currently more widely circulated and used as an alternative drinking water supply by the public. However the still unclear about the quality of the drinking water refill generated primarily of biological content. Parameters of biological contamination in drinking water caused by the Escherichia coli and coliform bacterium. This study aims to identify E. coli and coliforms in drinking water refill. Refill drinking water samples obtained from 16 drinking water refill from Jagakarsa subdsitrict. The method used is descriptive. Refill drinking water samples was taken and tested in the MPN (Most Probable Number) method and then to be tested in identification of E. coli. The results of testing the drinking water refill obtained 15 samples positive for coliform bacteria. Samples were positive for E. coli bacteria that sample B.1 and F.2.

scholarly journals Bacteriological Quality of Drinking Water in Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Javid Ali ◽  
Said Hassan ◽  
Dr Ziaurahman ◽  
Inayat Ur Rahman ◽  
Sadhair Abbas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Micro Organisms

The present study was aimed to isolate and identify micro-organisms load of drinking water of Mardan city, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan. A total of 27 samples of drinking water were collected from different locations of the study area. Total Plate Count was determined by pour plate method, while total coliforms, total fecal coliforms and E. coli were determined by multiple tube fermentation method. Of the total collected samples, 17 (62.96%) samples were contaminated with either one or more than one type of microorganisms. The results of most probable number test showed that 13 (48.15%) samples were unsatisfactory. It was concluded that the water should be treated before consumption for drinking purpose. Regular assessment of the water quality is recommended as regular monitoring of the water quality for improvement not only prevents disease and hazards but also checks the water resources from becoming further polluted. ECOPRINT 21: 1-6, 2014DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/eco.v21i0.11897

scholarly journals Identifikasi Bakteri Escherichia coli dalam Air Minum Galon pada Kantin yang ada di Universitas Andalas Padang

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Muhammad Rayhan Braja Gitawama ◽  
Netti Suharti ◽  
Nora Harminarti
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Drug Agency ◽  
Drinking Water Samples

The National Food and Drug Agency has controlled the refill drinking water in drinking water depots and also controlled food at school canteens ranging from elementary, junior high, to high school, but the National Food and Drug Agency never do food quality controlling in canteens at universities. Objectives: To identified the contamination by coliform and E. coli bacteria in drinking water at Andalas University canteen. Methods: This research was descriptive to identify coliform bacteria on  15 drinking water at the Andalas University faculty canteens.  Samples were taken directly using a sterile bottle, while data analysis using Most Probable Number  (MPN)  tables 5-1-1 and the presence of E. coli bacteria colonies from drinking water samples. Results: 9 of 15 water samples were contaminated by coliform bacteria with the highest MPN index of 240/100 ml that was found in 2 samples. From 9 samples containing coliform bacteria, all of them were found to contain E. coli bacteria. Conclusion: Most of the samples were contaminated by coliform and E. coli bacteria. Drinking water served using a kettle was more contaminated than drinking water served using gallons.Keywords: Coliform, Escherichia coli, MPN

scholarly journals Assessment of the Escherichia coli pollution in drinking water and water sources in Sistan, Iran

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 386-392
Author(s):  
Kambiz Nazemi ◽  
Saeed Salari ◽  
Majid Alipour Eskandani
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
The West ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Running Water ◽  
E Coli ◽  
West Part

Abstract Water should be free of dangerous agents and able to provide the nutritional needs of humans and animals. Adequate and reliable water supply is essential for healthy animal production. This study was carried out in Sistan region, Sistan and Baluchistan State, Iran, to evaluate the pollution rate of drinking water and water sources with fecal Escherichia coli via the most probable number (MPN) method. A total number of 100 water samples were collected and divided to drinking and non-potable water groups. The non-potable water was categorized according to flow type, irrigation usage, type of accessibility and geographic location. Mean number of MPN of fecal E. coli in non-potable and drinkable water were detected, 6.1 × 102 and 2.4 coliforms per 100 mL, respectively (p &lt; 0.05). Running water was more contaminated than still and pipe water in the study area (p &lt; 0.05). Significantly, the MPN of fecal coliforms, in non-potable water, collected from the east was higher than the west part of the study area (p &lt; 0.05). Among potable water, in the study area, the west part was remarkably more polluted with fecal E. coli than the east part of the study area (p &lt; 0.05). Results indicated the applicability of water for animal consumption and an alarming signal for human consumption and public health.

scholarly journals Analisis E. Coli Pada Air Minum Dalam Kemasan Yang Beredar Di Kota Tasikmalaya

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-125
Author(s):  
Vita Meylani ◽  
Rinaldi Rizal Putra
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Bottled Water ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Bottled Drinking Water ◽  
Living Things ◽  
Bacterial Content ◽  
Water Companies

Drinking water is the main need of humans as living things. Over time, humans are more practical so that for drinking needs they prefer to use bottled drinking water or refill drinking water. The high demand for bottled water raises the number of drinking water companies that issue bottled drinking water products. However, the quality of bottled water still needs to be assessed because it is not through pasteurization or other processing. So the microbiological content remains to be investigated. This study aimed to determine the bacteriological content in bottled drinking water. This study uses the Most Probable Number (MPN) method to test its bacterial content and gamma ray radiation to test its radiosensitivity. The sample in this study was bottled drinking water of various brands circulating in the City of Tasikmalaya. Based on the research results obtained from 13 samples there is 1 sample containing E. coli which is code B1 with a total bacterial content of 7 cells per 100 ml. So it can be concluded L samples are known to contain E. coli as much as 1.9 x 105 cells per ml.

scholarly journals Kualitas Air Minum Yang Diproduksi Depot Air Minum Isi Ulang Di Kecamatan Bungus Padang Berdasarkan Persyaratan Mikrobiologi

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rido Wandrivel ◽  
Netty Suharti ◽  
Yuniar Lestari
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Complete Test ◽  
Quality Water

Abstrak Latar belakang: Pendahuluan: Setiap depot air minum wajib melakukan pemeriksaan mutu produk sesuai dengan peraturan yang berlaku, namun tidak satupun dari sembilan depot air minum di Kecamatan Bungus melakukan hal tersebut. Diare adalah salah satu penyakit yang disebabkan oleh air minum yang tidak berkualitas. Morbiditas rate diare di Kecamatan Bungus tertinggi ke-2 di Kota Padang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas air minum yang dihasilkan depot air minum di Kecamatan Bungus berdasarkan persyaratan mikrobiologi. Metode Penelitian: Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah air minum yang berasal dari depot air minum isi ulang di Kecamatan Bungus Padang dan sampel pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh populasi yang ada, yaitu sembilan sampel. Penelitian dilaksanakan dalam 2 tahap yaitu pengambilan sampel air dengan galon air sekaligus observasi faktor yang mempengaruhi kualitas air dan pemeriksaan mikrobiologis dengan Most Probable Number Test (MPN) terhadap sampel yang terdiri dari tiga tes, yaitu presumptive test, confirmative test, dan complete test. Hasil Penelitian: Lima dari sembilan sampel mengandung bakteri Coliform dan tiga dari lima sampel tersebut juga mengandung E. coli. Kesimpulan: Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa 55,6% depot air minum di Kecamatan Bungus menghasilkan air minum yang kualitasnya tidak memenuhi persyaratan mikrobiologi yang telah ditetapkan pemerintah. Beberapa faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi adalah air baku, kondisi depot, kebersihan operator, dan penanganan terhadap wadah pembeli. Kata kunci: Depot air minum isi ulang, pemeriksaan mikrobiologis Abstract Background: Every depot is obliged to do inspection of product quality prescribed by the regulations, but not one even also from nine drinking water depot in District of Bungus do the mentioned. Diarrhea is one of the disease that cause by bad quality water product. Diarrhea morbidity rate in the Bungus District is second highest in Padang City. This Research aim to to know the drinking water quality produced by drinking water refill depot in the Bungus District based on microbiological requirements. Methods: Population of this research is drinking water refill depots in the Bungus District of Padang city and sample of this research is all of existing population, that is nine drinking water depot. Research executed in 2 phase that is intake of water sample with gallon at the same time do observation of the factor that influencing the quality of water and mikrobiological test with Most Probable Number Test ( MPN) to the sampel which consist of three test, that is presumtive test, konfirmative test, and complete test. Result: Five from nine sample contain coliform bacteria and three from five the sampel also contain E. coli. Conclusion: This matter indicate that 55,6% drinking water refill depot in District of Bungus produce drinking water which its quality don’t fulfill microbiological requirements which have been specified by government. Some factor able to influence is standard water, condition of depot, hygiene of operator, and handling to place of buyer. Keywords: Drinking water refill depots, mikrobiological test

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