scholarly journals Effect of Good Hygiene Sanitation and Personal Hygiene Depot Management of Refill Drinking Water on the Quality of Drinking Water Reviewed from Most-Probable-Number Coliform in Kediri

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 241
Author(s):  
Indasah Indasah
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Hygiene Management

Drinking water is a basic human need and must meet health requirements. Drinking water depots are a means of filling drinking water which is in the process of processing raw water using treatment and sterilization system. Drinking water depots as providers of drinking water must also meet the requirements of sanitation hygiene and personal hygiene management must also be maintained so that the water produced meets health requirements. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of sanitation hygiene and personal hygiene management of refill drinking water depots on the quality of drinking water in terms of the Most Probable Number Coliform in Kediri. The research design used was analytic observational with cross sectional approach. The population of all refill drinking water depots in Kediri is 57, with the sampling technique that is Simple Random Sampling, where a portion of refill drinking water depots in Kediri are 50. Data is collected by check list, questionnaire and laboratory examination. The results showed that most of the hygiene sanitation of the drinking water depot had fulfilled the requirements of 77%, the drinking water personal hygiene depot was good as much as 85% and those who met the drinking water requirements were 70%. The results of the hygiene feasibility analysis showed the value of Sig 0.000<0.05 (R=0.935) means that there was an effect of hygiene sanitation quality with water quality in terms of the Most Probable Number Coliform. While the personal hygiene value of Sig 0.001 <0.05 (R = 0.528) indicates that there is a personal hygiene influence with water quality in terms of the Most Probable Number Coliform. The results of Logistic Regression test showed that there were effects of sanitation hygiene and personal hygiene management of refill drinking water depots with water quality in terms of the Most Probable Number Coliform with a significance value = 0.000 <a 0.05. This shows that the hygiene and the better personal hygiene at refill drinking water depots is increasingly fulfilling water quality requirements in terms of the Most Probable Number Coliform

scholarly journals Escherichia Coli Content in Refill Drinking Water (AMIU) in Samatiga District, West Aceh Regency

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Azwar Azwar ◽  
Safrida Safrida ◽  
Yarmaliza Yarmaliza ◽  
Fitrah Reynaldi ◽  
Arfah Husna
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
World Health ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Escherichia Coli Bacteria

The quality of drinking water supply must be guaranteed. The WHO (World Health Organization) determines water quality by means of E. Coli bacteria. Based on the Minister of Health Regulation No. 492 / MENKES / PER / IV / 2010 The maximum permissible content of E. Coli in drinking water is 0 per 100 ml. The presence of E. coli in water is an indicator of human and animal fecal pollution that can cause diarrhea and even death. Selection of Refillable Drinking Water (AMIU) as an alternative to fulfill drinking water needs is a risk that can endanger health if the quality of AMIU is added if consumers do not pay attention to safety and hygiene. This study aims to see the content of E. coli in Refill Drinking Water (AMIU) in Samatiga District, West Aceh Regency. This research is experimental with cross sectional design using quantitative laboratory examination with the Most Probable Number (MPN) method. The population in this study were all refill drinking water depots that did not have a drinking certificate in Samatiga District, West Aceh Regency. The research sample used a total sampling method of 7 refill drinking water depots. The results of the analysis showed that from all samples as many as 6 samples (85.71%) tested positive for Escherichia coli bacteria and 1 sample (14.29%) tested negative for Escherichia coli bacteria. Based on the calculation of the number of colonies with the MPN / 100 ml table then comparing with the requirements of the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia Number 492 / Menkes / Per / IV / 2010 concerning drinking water quality requirements that the 6 samples tested positive were not suitable for consumption.

scholarly journals Contamination of Escherichia coli Drinking Water Refills on Drinking Water Depots in Malang City

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Wiwik Kusmawati ◽  
Lia Rahayu
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
The City ◽  
Maximum Limit

Data from the Malang City Health Office shows the increasing number of refill drinking water depots in the city of Malang until 2013 there were 163 drinking water depots scattered in each Malang Subdistrict. The purpose of this study was to determine the contamination of Escherichia coli refill drinking water in drinking water depots in Malang. The samples taken were 20 refill drinking water depots in Malang. Sampling is done by simple random sampling. Escherichia coli examination using the Most Probable Number Test. Of the 20 samples tested, 2 samples met the requirements of drinking water quality according to PERMENKES and 18 other samples containing the number of coliform bacteria exceeding the maximum limit of 0 per 100 ml of water. There were Escherichia coli in 10 samples while 8 other samples contained other coliform bacteria.

scholarly journals Bacteriological Quality of Drinking Water in Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Javid Ali ◽  
Said Hassan ◽  
Dr Ziaurahman ◽  
Inayat Ur Rahman ◽  
Sadhair Abbas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Micro Organisms

The present study was aimed to isolate and identify micro-organisms load of drinking water of Mardan city, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan. A total of 27 samples of drinking water were collected from different locations of the study area. Total Plate Count was determined by pour plate method, while total coliforms, total fecal coliforms and E. coli were determined by multiple tube fermentation method. Of the total collected samples, 17 (62.96%) samples were contaminated with either one or more than one type of microorganisms. The results of most probable number test showed that 13 (48.15%) samples were unsatisfactory. It was concluded that the water should be treated before consumption for drinking purpose. Regular assessment of the water quality is recommended as regular monitoring of the water quality for improvement not only prevents disease and hazards but also checks the water resources from becoming further polluted. ECOPRINT 21: 1-6, 2014DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/eco.v21i0.11897

scholarly journals Identification of Coliform in Common Street Food and Associated Factors of Contamination in Noakhali, Bangladesh: A Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 12-22
Author(s):  
Susmita Ghosh ◽  
Nuvia Nurain ◽  
Md. Faqrul Hasan ◽  
Md. Maruf Raihan ◽  
Farjana Akter
Keyword(s):  
Total Coliform ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Street Food ◽  
Coliform Count

Aim: The aim of this study was to find out the quality of street food as means of total coliform count and identify the relationship with the personal hygiene of the food vendors during cooking, processing, and serving of these foods as well. Study Design:  It is a cross-sectional study of nature. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in the Department of Food Technology and Nutrition Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, from October 2019 to February 2020. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted with a pretested structured questionnaire by convenient sampling method. Apart from data collection from 40 street vendors, nine types of street food were selected for analysis from those vendors, and a total of 40 samples were collected for a laboratory test. Most Probable Number (MPN) method was used for the determination of total coliform count. Findings: From the study, it was found that about 70% of food samples had a satisfactory level of coliform count (total coliform < 100 per gm). The study also identified that people aged 25 to 35 years had a greater satisfactory bacterial level (84.6%) in the foods, they sold due to incognizance about hygiene, significant relation between the timing of business and the bacterial count (p=0.049) was also reported in the present study. Conclusion: The present study was conducted to identify the quality of street food and the hygiene behaviors of the food vendors and the paper find out the need of proper education and training might be a compatible way to enhance the quality of street foods as well as to ensure a healthy lifestyle for the consumers.

scholarly journals FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEJADIAN DIARE PADA ANAK USIA 4-6 TAHUN

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Selviana Selviana ◽  
Elly Trisnawati ◽  
Sitti Munawarah
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Microbial Quality ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test

Abstract: Factors Related To Occurrence Of Diarrhea In 4-6 Year Children. Diarrhea cases in 4-6-year-old children in Desa Kalimas raised annually, from 10% in 2013 to 33% in 2014, and 35% in 2015. This study aimed at factors related to diarrhea cases in 4-6-year-old children in Desa Kalimas Kecamatan Sungai Kakap. Cross Sectional approach was used forty one sample participated in this study. They were selected by using proportional random sampling technique. The data analysis using chi-square test with a 95% confidence level. The study revealed significant correlation of hand washing (p = 0,043 ; PR = 2,175), microbial quality of drinking water storage (p = 0,016 ; PR = 1,462), availability of family latrine (p = 0,003 ; PR = 3,242), and diarrhea cases. There was no significant correlation between diarrhea cases are the habit of boiling water with the microbial quality of drinking water, the source of water for washing cutlery, and microbial of drinking water, (p > 0,05). It is hoped health authorized staffs in Desa Kalimas apply community- based total sanitation, enhance clean and healthy behaviour, and socialize healthy drinking water storage based on Regulation of Minister of Healthy No. 3/2014.Abstrak: Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kejadian Diare Pada Anak Usia 4-6 Tahun. Angka kejadian diare pada anak usia 4-6 tahun di Desa Kalimas mengalami peningkatan setiap tahunnya. Tahun 2013 kejadian diare sebesar 10%, tahun 2014 sebesar 33% dan 35% pada tahun 2015. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian diare pada anak usia 4-6 tahun di Desa Kalimas Kecamatan Sungai Kakap. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional dengan jumlah sampel  45 orang yang diambil menggunakan teknik proportional random sampling. Uji statistik yang digunakan uji chi-square dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara kebiasaan mencuci tangan dengan diare (p = 0,043; PR = 2,175), penyimpanan air minum dengan kualitas mikrobiologi air minum (p = 0,016; PR = 1,462), ketersediaan jamban keluarga dengan diare (p = 0,003; PR = 3,242). Variabel yang tidak berhubungan yaitu kebiasaan memasak air dengan kualitas mikrobiologi air minum, sumber air untuk mencuci alat makan/minum dan kualitas mikrobiologi air minum dengan diare (p ≥ 0,005). Disarankan agar di Desa Kalimas bisa diterapkan program STBM dan peningkatan penerapan PHBS pada masyarakat Desa Kalimas serta mensosialisasikan cara penyimpanan air minum yang baik sesuai dengan Permenkes No 3 tahun 2014.

scholarly journals Hubungan Mutu Pelayanan Keperawatan dengan Tingkat Kepuasan Pasien di Ruang Asoka RSUD Dr. R. Koesma Tuban

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-93
Author(s):  
Tiara Putri Ryandini ◽  
Lukman Hakim
Keyword(s):  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Correlation Test ◽  
Nursing Services ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
Quality Of Nursing

The lack of patient satisfaction is due to the increasing demands of the patient's needs, but this is not accompanied by improvements in nurses' actions. If the customer feels dissatisfied with a service provided, then that service can be ascertained to be ineffective and inefficient. This is especially important for public services. Providing services to the community as done by RSUD Dr. R. Koesma Tuban, needs to get attention, especially in the quality of services to suit the needs and expectations of the community. This study focuses on the quality of nursing services and the level of patient satisfaction in the Asoka Hospital Dr. R. Koesma Tuban. This study aims to determine the relationship between the quality of nursing services with the level of patient satisfaction in the Asoka Hospital Dr. R. Koesma Tuban. This study uses analytic survey research with cross sectional approach, while the data analysis used is the Spearman Rank correlation test. The population used in this study were patients in the Asoka room of RSUD dr. R. Koesma Tuban who fit the inclusion criteria as many as 155, with a large sample of 112 respondents using a simple random sampling technique. The results showed that most patients were quite satisfied with the quite good nursing services. Spearmen Correlation Test Results (rs) obtained, the variable quality of nursing services (p <0.05) has a relationship to the level of patient satisfaction with moderate correlation (r = 0.476) and the direction of the positive correlation which means the better the quality of nursing services, the higher the level of satisfaction patient.Almost half of the nurses at Asoka Room  RSUD dr. R. Koesma Tuba have a good quality nursing service. Almost half of the patient at Asoka Room RSUD dr. R. Koesma Tuban feel satisfy with nurse’s service; there is a correlation between the quality of nurse service and the level of patient satisfaction  at Asoka Room RSUD dr. R. Koesma Tuban.

Detection of Coliform, faecal Coliform And Total Bacterial Count From Drinking Water Of Varanasi (U.P.) India

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alok Kumar Singh ◽  
Anand Prakash Singh ◽  
Sanjay Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Total Bacterial Count ◽  
Indicator Organisms ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Hand Pump

In India source of drinking water at Varanasi city for common people are tap water, well, hand pump, Ganga river and stored tank water collected from bore well. All water samples were studied to assess their bacteriological characteristics and suitability for potable purposes. A cross-sectional epidemiological method was adopted to investigate the drinking water of six different sites of Varanasi city. The bacteriological examination of water samples included the most probable number of presumptive coliforms, faecal coliforms, and total bacterial count. The results showed that the total coliform count was detected in all the site. In all the methods coliforms presence was indicated. Maximum number of coliform observed in all the seasons, were from river and well water followed by hand pump, tap water and stored tank. The most common group of indicator organisms used in water quality monitoring are coliforms. These organisms are representative of bacteria normally present in the intestinal tract of mammals including human. Contamination of water may occur through different way like sewage disposal in the river, seepage of bathing near sites, fecal excreta of human, bird and other animals. Improving and expanding the existing water treatment and sanitation systems are more likely to provide good, safe and sustainable sources of water in the long term.

Bacterial quality of drinking water sources and antimicrobial resistance profile of Enterobacteriaceae in Bahir Dar city, Ethiopia

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 384-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bayeh Abera ◽  
Mulugeta Kibret ◽  
Goraw Goshu ◽  
Mulat Yimer
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Multiple Drug Resistance ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
World Health ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Bahir Dar ◽  
Probable Number

A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the bacterial quality and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of Enterobacteriaceae from drinking water in Bahir Dar city. A total of 140 water samples were collected in the wet and dry periods from springs (n = 4), reservoirs (n = 10) and private tap water at households (n = 126). Bacteriological analysis of water was conducted using multiple tube method. Overall, 21.4%, 18.6% and 17.8% of drinking water samples had total coliforms (TC), faecal coliforms (FC) and Escherichia coli, respectively. All spring water samples and 29.2% of private tap water had the highest TC load (18 most probable number/100 mL, 95% CI: 100). For FC, 81.4% of the drinking water supplies tested complied with both World Health Organization and Ethiopian Standards. High levels of resistance (98–100%) were observed for ampicillin by Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. All P. aeruginosa isolates and 20 (66.7%) of E. coli revealed multiple drug resistance. Enterobacteriaceae and P. aeruginosa isolates exhibited high levels of antimicrobial resistance. The bacterial quality of drinking water in Bahir Dar city was poor. Microbial surveillance and monitoring with periodic assessment on physical integrity of the water pipelines need to be undertaken.

scholarly journals Influence of environmental disturbances on the bacteriological quality of Pagbanganan river in Baybay City, Leyte, Philippines

2019 ◽  
pp. 81-91 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Column ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Public Water Supply ◽  
Environmental Disturbances ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Fermentation Test

Microorganisms like bacteria are frequently used as indicators of water quality in freshwater ecosystems. Thus, this study was conducted to evaluate the total coliforms (TC) and total aerobic heterotrophic bacteria (TAHB) present in the upstream (Kantagnos), midstream (lgang), and downstream (Kan-ipa) of Pagbanganan River. The most probable number (MPN/100 mL) of TC was determined through multiple tube fermentation test while counts of TAHB present in both water and sediments were enumerated by serial dilution and plating methods. MPN of TC revealed that the river water should not be used as a source of public water supply and as a venue for contact recreational activities like bathing and swimming. Furthermore, TAHB in the sediments of the river did not differ significantly across sites although their values showed a decreasing trend. Conversely, TAHB in the water column of the river significantly increased from upstream to downstream. These results are most probably influenced by the quarrying activities present in the area. In the upstream where there is no quarrying activity, TAHB was higher in sediment than in the water, while in the downstream where quarrying activities are present, it is otherwise. Because of these significant differences, it is believed that the ratios of TAHB present in the water column and sediments are potential indicators of sediment disturbance in the aquatic environment. The results of this study imply that proper management of Pagbanganan River by all sectors of the community is needed to keep it sustainable for safe use.

scholarly journals Analysis of risk-factors associated with diarrhea prevalence among underfive children in Galkayo District Puntland State, Somalia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustaf A. Isack ◽  
Juma J. Nyamai ◽  
Atei Kerochi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Basic Education ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Diarrhea Prevalence

Background: The study analysed risk factors associated with diarrhea prevalence among underfive children in Galkayo District Puntland State, Somalia.Methods: The study used analytical cross-sectional survey conducted in Galkayo, from February to March 2020. The inclusion criteria were caregivers with underfive children, and exclusion criteria were children over five years, caregivers who have no underfive children and children with chronic diarrhea. Sample of 385 was calculated using Yamane formula. Caregivers were randomly selected using simple random sampling after cluster sampling. The researcher administered structured questionnaires, collected data from eligible caregivers using interview guide and elicited on diarrhea perceptions. Quantitative data was analysed using SPSS, qualitative data was identified common and sub-themes.Results: The study found diarrhea was affecting 30% of underfive children. The presence of two under-fives in the household was associated with high diarrhea prevalence [OR=1.93, 95% CI= (1.21, 3.08)]. Low educational level of underfive caregivers were associated with high diarrhea occurrence [OR=1.36, 95% CI= (0.68, 2.66)]. Households headed by non-biological mothers, diarrhea prevalence was high [OR=0.06, 95% CI= (0.00, 0.50) and OR=0.17, 95% CI= (0.03, 0.79)] respectively. Those children under the care of employed caregivers, diarrhea occurrence was high [OR=2.41 (0.99, 5.80)]. Poor personal hygiene (32%), sanitation (28%), and water quality (28%) were attributed to the cause of diarrhea among children.Conclusions: The study recommends, practice of child spacing, improve caregivers’ basic education to better understand risk factors and seek treatment, establish routine water quality surveillance at source and at household level, conduct awareness behaviour change by promotion of handwashing.

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