Spatio-temporal assessment of groundwater level and quality in urban coastal city Puri, India

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ritesh Vijay ◽  
S. S. Ramya ◽  
P. R. Pujari ◽  
P. K. Mohapatra
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Open Defecation ◽  
Domestic Waste ◽  
Groundwater Levels ◽  
Groundwater Fluctuation ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
City Water ◽  
The City

Puri city is situated on the shoreline of Bay of Bengal and groundwater is the only source available to meet the city water supply mainly from two demarcated water fields. Due to the anthropogenic activities and absence of sewerage system, groundwater quality is deteriorating through open discharges of domestic waste, open defecation, septic tanks, soak pits, contaminated water pools, unorganized waste dumping etc. The objective of the paper was to assess seasonal groundwater fluctuation and water quality in terms of physcio-chemical and bacteriological parameters. For this, groundwater levels were measured and samples were collected during post-monsoon (November 2006) and pre-monsoon (June 2007) from the water fields and city area. Groundwater quality was represented spatially and temporally using geographical information system and evaluated with national and international drinking water standards. Based on the groundwater quality, suitable measures were suggested to minimize further groundwater contamination.

Spatio-temporal variations in larval digenean assemblages of Heleobia parchappii (Mollusca: Cochliopidae) inhabiting four human-impacted streams

2020 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Parietti ◽  
M.J. Merlo ◽  
J.A. Etchegoin
Keyword(s):  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Biological Indicators ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Habitat Characteristics ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Parasite Communities ◽  
Urban Periphery ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
The City

Abstract In the last years, a growing number of studies have focused on the search for biological indicators of human impact in freshwater environments. Given their susceptibility to different types of impact, larval digeneans have been considered as useful tools for the study of temporal variations in parasite communities. However, few studies have been carried out in lotic environments. For that reason, the spatio-temporal variations of the larval digenean assemblages parasitizing the gastropod Heleobia parchappii were analysed in four human-impacted streams, located on the coast of Argentina. In total, 4800 specimens of H. parchappii were collected seasonally, and 12 digenean species belonging to eight families were registered. Three of the streams showed similar species presence but, during spring and summer, the streams located within the city presented lower species presence than the streams located in the urban periphery. By contrast, the spatial prevalence values evidenced a higher variation between the environments. Streams located in the urban periphery showed higher prevalence values throughout the year, compared to those calculated for streams located within the city. The spatio-temporal variations of larval digenean assemblages parasitizing H. parchappii seem to be mainly influenced by the diversity and vagility of definitive hosts, the types of digenean life cycles and habitat characteristics. However, environmental disturbances derived from anthropogenic activities are highlighted as the probable main factors that may affect the composition and dynamic of these parasite assemblages.

scholarly journals Impact of Spatio-Temporal change in landuse/landcover on Groundwater Quality and Human Health; A case study of District Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waqas Ahmad ◽  
Javed Iqbal ◽  
Muhammad Jamal Nasir ◽  
Burhan Ahmad ◽  
Muhammad Tasleem Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Magnesium Concentration ◽  
Health Administration ◽  
High Calcium ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The quality and quantity of groundwater resources are affected by landuse/landcover (LULC) dynamics, particularly the increasing urbanization coupled with high household wastewater discharge and decreasing open lands. This study evaluates temporal changes of groundwater quality for 2012 and 2019, its relation to Landuse/landcover, and its impact on Peshawar's residents (study area), Pakistan. A total of 105 and 112 groundwater samples were collected from tube wells in 2012 and 2019. Samples were then analyzed for seven standard water quality parameters (i.e., pH, Electric Conductivity (EC), Turbidity, Chloride, Calcium, Magnesium, and Nitrate). Patient data for waterborne diseases were also collected for the years 2012 and 2019 to relate the impact of groundwater quality on human health. Landsat satellite images were classified for the years 2012 and 2019 to observe Landuse/landcover dynamics concerning groundwater quality. Results manifested a decrease in groundwater quality for the year 2019 compared to 2012 and were more highlighted in highly populated areas. The nitrate concentration level was found high in the vicinity of agricultural areas due to the excessive use of nitrogenous fertilizers and pesticides, and thus the methemoglobinemia patients ratio increased by 14% (48- 62% for the year 2012 and 2019, respectively). Besides, Urinary Tract Infections, Peptic Ulcer, and Dental Caries diseases increased due to the high calcium and magnesium concentration. The overall results indicate that anthropogenic activities were the main driver of Spatio-temporal variability in groundwater quality of the study area. The study could help district health administration understand groundwater quality trends, make appropriate site-specific policies, and formulate future health regulations.

scholarly journals Status and future transition of rapid urbanizing landscape in central Western Ghats - CA based approach

2014 ◽  
Vol II-8 ◽  
pp. 69-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.. Bharath ◽  
K.S. Rajan ◽  
T.V. Ramachandra
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Temporal Models ◽  
Central Western Ghats ◽  
Spatio Temporal

The land use changes in forested landscape are highly complex and dynamic, affected by the natural, socio-economic, cultural, political and other factors. The remote sensing (RS) and geographical information system (GIS) techniques coupled with multi-criteria evaluation functions such as Markov-cellular automata (CA–Markov) model helps in analysing intensity, extent and future forecasting of human activities affecting the terrestrial biosphere. Karwar taluk of Central Western Ghats in Karnataka state, India has seen rapid transitions in its forest cover due to various anthropogenic activities, primarily driven by major industrial activities. A study based on Landsat and IRS derived data along with CA–Markov method has helped in characterizing the patterns and trends of land use changes over a period of 2004–2013, expected transitions was predicted for a set of scenarios through 2013-2022. The analysis reveals the loss of pristine forest cover from 75.51% to 67.36% (1973 to 2013) and increase in agriculture land as well as built-up area of 8.65% (2013), causing impact on local flora and fauna. The other factors driving these changes are the aggregated level of demand for land, local and regional effects of land use activities such as deforestation, improper practices in expansion of agriculture and infrastructure development, deteriorating natural resources availability. The spatio temporal models helped in visualizing on-going changes apart from prediction of likely changes. The CA-Markov based analysis provides us insights into the localized changes impacting these regions and can be useful in developing appropriate mitigation management approaches based on the modelled future impacts. This necessitates immediate measures for minimizing the future impacts.

scholarly journals SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL VARIATIONS OF GROUNDWATER QUALITY IN ABEOKUTA CITY, NIGERIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-49
Author(s):  
GRACE OLUWASANYA ◽  
ADEBAYO SADIQ
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Water Quality Status ◽  
The City ◽  
Quality Status

The quest for safe drinking-water is very high in the ongoing period of environmental pollution. Generally, anthropogenic activities resulting from increasing population and urbanization are major sources of pollution to groundwater. This paper assesses the variation in groundwater distribution in Abeokuta city, Ogun State, Nigeria to determine the water quality status. Secondary groundwater quality data across a period of fifteen years (2001 – 2015) were retrieved from the database of the Department of Water Resources Management and Agro-meteorology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria to establish the status and examine the spatial and temporal variation. The data was subjected to statistical and geo-statistical analysis. Results showed that temperature, pH and electrical conductivity have a dominant range of 28.0 – 29.9 ºC, 7.01 – 7.50 and 201 – 600 µS/cm, respectively. The major cations Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+ and K+ have respective dominant concentration range from below detection limit (bdl) – 80mg/L, bdl – 30mg/L, 11 – 20 mg/L and bdl – 10 mg/L, while the major anions Cl-, HCO3-, NO3- and SO42- have respective dominant concentration range of 11 – 30, 101 – 200, 1.60 – 4.00 and bdl – 10 mg/L. High (> 1000 µS/cm) conductivity values are detected in parts of the city, which may be due to high concentrations of magnesium, calcium, potassium, chloride and bicarbonate. Only few parts (5.7%) of the city have poor water quality status, while groundwater quality in about 45.7% and 48.6 % of the city may be classified as good and excellent water quality, respectively. The spatial trend showed that groundwater in the core townships of Abeokuta such as Itoku and the environs should not be encouraged for direct consumption without prior treatment. But generally, the groundwater in most part of Abeokuta metropolis is safe for domestic use, though requires some form of household treatment before drinking.    

scholarly journals Spatial Assessment of Groundwater Quality with Special Reference to Nitrate Pollution in Raipur City, Chhattisgarh State, India using Geographical Information System

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rubia Khan ◽  
D.C. Jhariya
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Nitrate Pollution ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Arc Gis ◽  
Gis Software ◽  
Spatial Distribution Map

Groundwater quality is one of the most important aspects for sustainable development of social and economic life. In present study, 41 groundwater samples were collected systematically during the pre-monsoon (May 2015) and post-monsoon (December 2015) periods. Nine parameters, i.e. EC, Ca, Mg, Na, K, NO3, SO4, HCO3 and Cl were analyzed in the laboratory adapting a standard protocol of APHA, 1995. The analyzed samples were compared with BIS and WHO standard for drinking purpose and spatial distribution map was prepared using Arc GIS Software. In present study, it is found that Ca, Mg, K and NO3 are above permissible limit and SO4 is above an acceptable limits according to BIS standard. Present study reflecting that main causes of groundwater pollution in study area are anthropogenic activities.

scholarly journals A Study of User Activity Patterns and the Effect of Venue Types on City Dynamics Using Location-Based Social Network Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 733
Author(s):  
Naimat Ullah Khan ◽  
Wanggen Wan ◽  
Shui Yu ◽  
A. A. M. Muzahid ◽  
Sajid Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Human Behavior ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
City Dynamics ◽  
Location Based Social Network ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
The City

The main purpose of this research is to study the effect of various types of venues on the density distribution of residents and model check-in data from a Location-Based Social Network for the city of Shanghai, China by using combination of multiple temporal, spatial and visualization techniques by classifying users’ check-ins into different venue categories. This article investigates the use of Weibo for big data analysis and its efficiency in various categories instead of manually collected datasets, by exploring the relation between time, frequency, place and category of check-in based on location characteristics and their contributions. The data used in this research was acquired from a famous Chinese microblogs called Weibo, which was preprocessed to get the most significant and relevant attributes for the current study and transformed into Geographical Information Systems format, analyzed and, finally, presented with the help of graphs, tables and heat maps. The Kernel Density Estimation was used for spatial analysis. The venue categorization was based on nature of the physical locations within the city by comparing the name of venue extracted from Weibo dataset with the function such as education for schools or shopping for malls and so on. The results of usage patterns from hours to days, venue categories and frequency distribution into these categories as well as the density of check-in within the Shanghai and contribution of each venue category in its diversity are thoroughly demonstrated, uncovering interesting spatio-temporal patterns including frequency and density of users from different venues at different time intervals, and significance of using geo-data from Weibo to study human behavior in variety of studies like education, tourism and city dynamics based on location-based social networks. Our findings uncover various aspects of activity patterns in human behavior, the significance of venue classes and its effects in Shanghai, which can be applied in pattern analysis, recommendation systems and other interactive applications for these classes.

Using augmented reality for navigation in space. Creating Visual Dictionaries

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aida Khakimova ◽  
Oleg Zolotarev ◽  
Lyudmila Sharapova ◽  
Daler Mirzoev ◽  
Aleksanra Belaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Augmented Reality ◽  
Visual Image ◽  
Cultural Codes ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
The City

The image of the city is a spatio-temporal continuum in which everything is interconnected, it exists as a single monolith expressing itself in the general atmosphere. The visual image of the city may contain two planes of meanings: culturally ratified and universally valid, expressed by cultural codes, and also significant only to those who are viewing the image. Therefore, the content of the visual image depends on who the subject of perception is, what he pays attention to and in what situation the process of perception of the image occurs.

scholarly journals Investigating Groundwater Condition and Seawater Intrusion Status in Coastal Aquifer Systems of Eastern India

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 1952
Author(s):  
Subrata Halder ◽  
Lingaraj Dhal ◽  
Madan K. Jha
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Seawater Intrusion ◽  
Groundwater Level ◽  
Coastal Aquifer ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Confined Aquifer ◽  
Groundwater Levels ◽  
Post Monsoon ◽  
Aquifer Systems ◽  
Sustainable Water Supply

Providing sustainable water supply for domestic needs and irrigated agriculture is one of the most significant challenges for the current century. This challenge is more daunting in coastal regions. Groundwater plays a pivotal role in addressing this challenge and hence, it is under growing stress in several parts of the world. To address this challenge, a proper understanding of groundwater characteristics in an area is essential. In this study, spatio-temporal analyses of pre-monsoon and post-monsoon groundwater-levels of two coastal aquifer systems (upper leaky confined and underlying confined) were carried out in Purba Medinipur District, West Bengal, India. Trend analysis of seasonal groundwater-levels of the two aquifers systems was also performed using Mann-Kendall test, Linear Regression test, and Innovative Trend test. Finally, the status of seawater intrusion in the two aquifers was evaluated using available groundwater-quality data of Chloride (Cl−) and Total Dissolve Solids (TDS). Considerable spatial and temporal variability was found in the seasonal groundwater-levels of the two aquifers. Further, decreasing trends were spotted in the pre-monsoon and post-monsoon groundwater-level time series of the leaky confined and confined aquifers, except pre-monsoon groundwater-levels in Contai-I and Deshpran blocks, and the post-monsoon groundwater-level in Ramnagar-I block for the leaky confined aquifer. The leaky confined aquifer in Contai-I, Contai-III, and Deshpran blocks and the confined aquifer in Nandigram-I and Nandigram-II blocks are vulnerable to seawater intrusion. There is an urgent need for the real-time monitoring of groundwater-levels and groundwater quality in both the aquifer systems, which can ensure efficient management of coastal groundwater reserves.

scholarly journals Street context of various demographic groups in their daily mobility

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariel Salgado ◽  
Weixin Li ◽  
Fahad Alhasoun ◽  
Inés Caridi ◽  
Marta Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Unified Framework ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
Daily Mobility ◽  
Urban Science ◽  
Science Framework ◽  
The City ◽  
Racial Ethnic

AbstractWe present an urban science framework to characterize phone users’ exposure to different street context types based on network science, geographical information systems (GIS), daily individual trajectories, and street imagery. We consider street context as the inferred usage of the street, based on its buildings and construction, categorized in nine possible labels. The labels define whether the street is residential, commercial or downtown, throughway or not, and other special categories. We apply the analysis to the City of Boston, considering daily trajectories synthetically generated with a model based on call detail records (CDR) and images from Google Street View. Images are categorized both manually and using artificial intelligence (AI). We focus on the city’s four main racial/ethnic demographic groups (White, Black, Hispanic and Asian), aiming to characterize the differences in what these groups of people see during their daily activities. Based on daily trajectories, we reconstruct most common paths over the street network. We use street demand (number of times a street is included in a trajectory) to detect each group’s most relevant streets and regions. Based on their street demand, we measure the street context distribution for each group. The inclusion of images allows us to quantitatively measure the prevalence of each context and points to qualitative differences on where that context takes place. Other AI methodologies can further exploit these differences. This approach presents the building blocks to further studies that relate mobile devices’ dynamic records with the differences in urban exposure by demographic groups. The addition of AI-based image analysis to street demand can power up the capabilities of urban planning methodologies, compare multiple cities under a unified framework, and reduce the crudeness of GIS-only mobility analysis. Shortening the gap between big data-driven analysis and traditional human classification analysis can help build smarter and more equal cities while reducing the efforts necessary to study a city’s characteristics.

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