Removal of toxic heavy metals by iron-coated starfish

2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (9) ◽  
pp. 51-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.K. Yang ◽  
M.R. Yu ◽  
S.M. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Strong Acid ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Entire Concentration Range ◽  
Adsorption Sites ◽  
Fecl3 Solution

In this study, the applicability of calcined starfish (SF) and iron-coated SF (ICSF) as potential adsorbents for the treatment of wastewater containing heavy metal ions was evaluated. ICSF was prepared by mixing FeCl3 solution previously adjusted to pH 7 ∼ 9 with SF at 105 °C. From the dissolution test at pH 2, ICSF showed strong acid-proof properties. In the batch adsorption, Cu(II) adsorption onto ICSF was completed within 150 minutes, while 47% Cu(II) was removed with SF alone. This result clearly suggests that the coated Fe(III) serves additional adsorption sites, resulting in the enhanced removal of heavy metal ions. The removed fraction of both Cu(II) and Pb(II) increased with increasing solution pH and nearly complete removals of Pb(II) and Cu(II) were observed at around pH 6 and 8, respectively. From the adsorption isotherm of Cu(II) onto SF and ICSF at pH 3.0, the removed amount of Cu(II) by ICSF was greater than that by SF over the entire concentration range studied. In the column test, the breakthrough of Cu(II) in the ICSF column was greatly retarded compared to that in the SF column. Based on the drinking water regulations for Cu(II), SF and ICSF were able to remove 3400 and 8600 mg/kg of Cu(II) from the wastewater, respectively.

scholarly journals Adsorption process and mechanism of heavy metal ions by different components of cells, using yeast (Pichia pastoris) and Cu2+ as biosorption models

RSC Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (28) ◽  
pp. 17080-17091
Author(s):  
Xinggang Chen ◽  
Zhuang Tian ◽  
Haina Cheng ◽  
Gang Xu ◽  
Hongbo Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Pichia Pastoris ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Yeast Pichia Pastoris ◽  
Adsorption Sites

The Cu2+ first bound to the outer mannan and finally entered the cytoplasm. During the whole adsorption process, the number of adsorption sites in the outer and middle cell walls was the largest, and then gradually decreased.

scholarly journals Bioremediation of Chromium by Microorganisms and Its Mechanisms Related to Functional Groups

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Abate Ayele ◽  
Yakob Godebo Godeto
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Oil Well ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metal ◽  
Minimum Concentration

Heavy metals generated mainly through many anthropogenic processes, and some natural processes have been a great environmental challenge and continued to be the concern of many researchers and environmental scientists. This is mainly due to their highest toxicity even at a minimum concentration as they are nonbiodegradable and can persist in the aquatic and terrestrial environments for long periods. Chromium ions, especially hexavalent ions (Cr(VI)) generated through the different industrial process such as tanneries, metallurgical, petroleum, refractory, oil well drilling, electroplating, mining, textile, pulp and paper industries, are among toxic heavy metal ions, which pose toxic effects to human, plants, microorganisms, and aquatic lives. This review work is aimed at biosorption of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) through microbial biomass, mainly bacteria, fungi, and microalgae, factors influencing the biosorption of chromium by microorganisms and the mechanism involved in the remediation process and the functional groups participated in the uptake of toxic Cr(VI) from contaminated environments by biosorbents. The biosorption process is relatively more advantageous over conventional remediation technique as it is rapid, economical, requires minimal preparatory steps, efficient, needs no toxic chemicals, and allows regeneration of biosorbent at the end of the process. Also, the presence of multiple functional groups in microbial cell surfaces and more active binding sites allow easy uptake and binding of a greater number of toxic heavy metal ions from polluted samples. This could be useful in creating new insights into the development and advancement of future technologies for future research on the bioremediation of toxic heavy metals at the industrial scale.

Removal of Toxic Heavy Metal Ions (Pb, Cr, Cu, Ni, Zn, Co, Hg, and Cd) from Waste Batteries or Lithium Cells Using Nanosized Metal Oxides: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 7231-7254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuzhe Zhang ◽  
Bin Wang ◽  
Qian Cheng ◽  
Xinling Li ◽  
Zhongyu Li
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Oxides ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Reaction System ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metal ◽  
Adsorption Sites ◽  
Lithium Cells

How to remove harmful heavy metal ions from waste batteries or lithium cells efficiently has been the focus of scholars. More and more metal oxides had been used to deal with the pollution of heavy metal caused by waste batteries in recent years. Nanostructured metal oxides have great potential because of their large comparative areas. The adsorption for these heavy metal ions can be further improved by using modified metal oxides as adsorbents. At present, iron oxide is widely used in this field. Other metal oxides have also been studied in removing these heavy metal ions. Compared to other metal oxides, the adsorbents made of iron oxide are easy to be separated from the reaction system. pH value in the solution can affect the activity of adsorption sites on metal oxides adsorbents and change the distribution of ions in solution. As a result, pH value can significantly influence the adsorption of metal oxides adsorbents for heavy metal ions from waste batteries or lithium cells.

scholarly journals Bovine Serum Albumin Protein-Based Liquid Crystal Biosensors for Optical Detection of Toxic Heavy Metals in Water

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noor ul Amin ◽  
Humaira Masood Siddiqi ◽  
Yang Kun Lin ◽  
Zakir Hussain ◽  
Nasir Majeed
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Bovine Serum Albumin ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Bovine Serum ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Optical Image ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals

A new methodology involving the use of Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a probe and liquid crystal (LC) as a signal reporter for the detection of heavy metal ions in water at neutral pH was developed. BSA acted as a multi-dentate ligand for the detection of multiple metal ions. The LC sensor was fabricated by immobilizing 3 µg mL−1 BSA solution on dimethyloctadecyl-[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]ammonium chloride (DMOAP)-coated glass slides. In the absence of heavy metal ions, a dark optical image was observed, while in their presence, a dark optical image turned to bright. The optical response was characterized by using a polarized optical microscope (POM). The BSA based LC sensor selectively detected toxic metal ions as compared to s block metal ions and ammonium ions in water. Moreover, the limit of detection was found to be very low (i.e., 1 nM) for the developed new biosensor in comparison to reported biosensors.

Simultaneous Removal of Heavy-Metal Ions by MnO2 Loaded D301 Resin

2011 ◽  
Vol 255-260 ◽  
pp. 2791-2796 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Mei Ma ◽  
Zhi Liang Zhu ◽  
Yong Qian Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Alkaline Earth ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Alkaline Earth Metals ◽  
Simultaneous Removal ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Solution Ph

MnO2-loaded D301 weak basic anion exchange resin was used as adsorbent to simultaneously remove Co2+, Ni2+, Cd2+, Zn2+ andCu2+ from aqueous solution contained high concentration of alkali and alkaline-earth metals ions. The effects of solution pH and coexistent ions on the adsorption were investigated. The results indicated that Co2+, Ni2+, Cd2+, Zn2+ andCu2+ can be simultaneously removed in the wide pH range of 3 to 8. The coexistence of PO43− decreased the heavy metal ions removal rate, but for other high concentrations coexistence cations and anions such as Na+, K+, Cl−, NO3−, SO42− and HCO3−, there is no significant impact on removal rate of heavy metals. The adsorption isotherm can be well described by Langmuir isotherm. The adsorption processes followed the pseudo first-order kinetics model. High adsorption capacity makes it a good promising candidate material for simultaneous removal of Co2+, Ni2+, Cd2+, Zn2+ andCu2+ from aqueous solution with the co-existence of high concentration of alkali and alkaline-earth metals ions.

scholarly journals Comparative Removal of Lead and Nickel Ions onto Nanofibrous Sheet of Activated Polyacrylonitrile in Batch Adsorption and Application of Conventional Kinetic and Isotherm Models

Membranes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Muhammad Tahir Amin ◽  
Abdulrahman Ali Alazba ◽  
Muhammad Shafiq
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Optimum Dose ◽  
Infrared Spectrometry ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Adsorption Data

We investigated the adsorption of lead (Pb2+) and nickel (Ni2+) ions by electrospun membranes of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofiber activated with NaHCO3 (PANmod). Analysis by Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) validated the functionalization of PAN nanofibers with NaHCO3, and the successful agglomeration of Pb2+ and Ni2+ onto PANmod. After a rapid uptake of the heavy metal ions (15 min), the equilibrium contact time was attained (60 min) following a linear increase of both adsorption capacity and removal efficiency. PANmod showed a better affinity for Ni2+ than Pb2+. The adsorption on PANmod was best described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model for both studied models, supporting chemisorption. By varying the solution pH from 2.0 to 9.0, we found that the adsorption capacity followed an increasing trend, reaching a maximum at the pH of 7.0. Despite increasing adsorption capacities, the removal efficiency of both heavy metal ions exhibited a decreasing trend with increase in initial concentrations. The amount of PANmod directly affects the removal efficiency, with 0.7 and 0.2 g being the optimum dose for maximum uptake of Pb2+ and Ni2+, respectively. The Langmuir model fitted well the Pb2+ adsorption data suggesting monolayer adsorption, and the Freundlich model perfectly fitted the Ni2+ adsorption data, indicating heterogeneous adsorption. The estimated values of the mean free energy of adsorption in the D–R isotherm indicated a physical adsorption of both heavy metal ions into the surface of the PANmod.

Regularities and mechanism of heavy metal cations sorption and (or) proton desorption by chitosan from aqueous solutions

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (8) ◽  
pp. 621-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.E. Nikiforova ◽  
V.A. Kozlov ◽  
M.K. Islyaikin
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Cations ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Amino Groups ◽  
Acidic Media ◽  
Chitosan Beads

The sorption process of heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions using chitosan flakes and chitosan beads was studied. Chitosan gel beads were prepared using covalent crosslinking of chitosan chains by epichlorohydrin with ionic gelation by sodium tripolyphosphate. The capability of chitosan beads to absorb the heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions was studied, and the physicochemical characteristics of the sorbent were evaluated using SEM and FTIR on the model solution treatment. It was found that competitive proton sorption takes place in acidic media, which results in a transformation of amino groups into inactive ammonium-salt form and decreases in heavy metal sorption onto chitosan from aqueous acidic media. Batch adsorption experiments were performed to examine the influence of various factors such as the initial concentration of metal salts, pH, and agitation duration on the process. It was established that metal ion sorption is pH dependent and has an optimum effect at a pH of 6.0. Following the Langmuir equation, the maximum sorption of Cu2+ions is estimated to be 1,6 mol/kg of modified chitosan. The kinetic study revealed that the adsorption kinetics are well-fitted to the kinetic equation of pseudo second order. Thus, sorption of heavy metal ions by chitosan is considered to be a competitive process that occurs on amino groups of the sorbent with equivalent coordinated participation of metal cations, protons, and anions.

The influence of heavy metals on the production of extracellular polymer substances in the processes of heavy metal ions elimination

2005 ◽  
Vol 52 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 151-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Mikes ◽  
M. Siglova ◽  
A. Cejkova ◽  
J. Masak ◽  
V. Jirku
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Extracellular Polymeric Substances ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Metal Interactions

Wastewaters from a chemical industry polluted by heavy metal ions represent a hazard for all living organisms. It can mean danger for ecosystems and human health. New methods are sought alternative to traditional chemical and physical processes. Active elimination process of heavy metals ions provided by living cells, their components and extracellular products represents a potential way of separating toxic heavy metals from industrial wastewaters. While the abilities of bacteria to remove metal ions in solution are extensively used, fungi have been recognized as a promising kind of low-cost adsorbents for removal of heavy-metal ions from aqueous waste sources. Yeasts and fungi differ from each other in their constitution and in their abilities to produce variety of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) with different mechanisms of metal interactions. The accumulation of Cd(2+), Cr(6+), Pb(2+), Ni(2+) and Zn(2+) by yeasts and their EPS was screened at twelve different yeast species in microcultivation system Bioscreen C and in the shaking Erlenmayer's flasks. This results were compared with the production of yeast EPS and the composition of yeast cell walls. The EPS production was measured during the yeast growth and cell wall composition was studied during the cultivations in the shaking flasks. At the end of the process extracellular polymers and their chemical composition were isolated and amount of bound heavy metals was characterized. The variable composition and the amount of the EPS were found at various yeast strains. It was influenced by various compositions of growth medium and also by various concentrations of heavy metals. It is evident, that the amount of bound heavy metals was different. The work reviews the possibilities of usage of various yeast EPS and components of cell walls in the elimination processes of heavy metal ions. Further the structure and properties of yeasts cell wall and EPS were discussed. The finding of mechanisms mentioned above is necessary to identify the functional groups entered in the metals elimination processes.

scholarly journals Utilization of agricultural waste adsorbent for the removal of lead ions from aqueous solutions

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 570-578
Author(s):  
Adeyinka Sikiru Yusuff ◽  
Lekan Taofeek Popoola ◽  
Victor Anochie
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Onion Skin

In this study, a performance evaluation of an aluminium oxide modified onion skin waste (Al2O3/OSW) for the removal of heavy metal ions (Pb2+ and Cd2+) from aqueous solution was investigated under batch mode adsorption. The surface morphology, elemental composition, functional groups, textural characteristics and surface charge of the as-made Al2O3/OSW adsorbent were examined using SEM, EDX, FTIR, BET surface area and pHpzc techniques, respectively. The effects of initial cations concentration, contact time, adsorbent dosage, and pH on adsorption of Pb2+ and Cd2+ onto Al2O3/OSW were studied. The adsorption data obtained were evaluated by various adsorption isotherm and kinetic models. Results obtained showed that maximum removal percentages of Pb2+ and Cd2+ were 91.23 and 94.10%, respectively, at the optimum Al2O3/OSW dosage of 1.4 g, contact time of 180 min and aqueous solution pH of 6.0. The isotherm and kinetic studies showed a multilayer adsorbate-adsorbent system with the dominance of the chemisorption mechanism. The study concluded that onion skin waste is a viable, cheap and very effective alternative for removing heavy metal ions from water/wastewater.

Facile fabrication of silk protein sericin-mediated hierarchical hydroxyapatite-based bio-hybrid architectures: excellent adsorption of toxic heavy metals and hazardous dye from wastewater

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (89) ◽  
pp. 86607-86616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pradyot Koley ◽  
Makoto Sakurai ◽  
Toshiaki Takei ◽  
Masakazu Aono
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Congo Red ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Silk Protein ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metal ◽  
Hybrid Architectures ◽  
Facile Fabrication

Facilely fabricated silk protein sericin-mediated hierarchical hydroxyapatite hybrid architectures show excellent adsorption of toxic heavy metal ions of Pb(ii), Cd(ii) and Hg(ii) and a hazardous dye, Congo red (CR), from wastewater.

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