A comparative study on the degradation of gallic acid by Aspergillus oryzae and Phanerochaete chrysosporium

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danzhao Guo ◽  
Zhicai Zhang ◽  
Dan Liu ◽  
Huihua Zheng ◽  
Hui Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Phanerochaete Chrysosporium ◽  
Aspergillus Oryzae ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Organic Pollutant ◽  
Decomposition Methods ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
High Removal Rate

Recently, as an emerging persistent dissolved organic pollutant (DOP), gallic acid (GA) and its efficient decomposition methods have received global attention. The present work aimed to compare the effect of Aspergillus oryzae 5992 and Phanerochaete chrysosporium 40719 on degradation of different concentrations of GA. The A. oryzae grew well and achieved a GA removal rate up to 99% in media containing 1–4% GA, much higher than P. chrysosporium. The activity of laccase and lignin peroxidase excreted by A. oryzae was higher than that by P. chrysosporium in the presence of GA. Based on the results of high-performance liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization–mass spectrometry, three relevant intermediate metabolites were determined as progallin A, methyl gallate, and pyrogallic acid, implying that A. oryzae could not degrade GA unless the carboxyl in the molecule was protected or removed. In view of the ability of A. oryzae to accommodate a high concentration of GA and achieve a high removal rate, as well as the significantly different enzyme activities involved in GA degradation and the underlying mechanisms between the two fungal strains, A. oryzae is proven to be a superior strain for the degradation of DOP.

scholarly journals Characterization and Identification of Bioactive Polyphenols in the Trapabispinosa Roxb. Pericarp Extract

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (19) ◽  
pp. 5802
Author(s):  
Yuji Iwaoka ◽  
Shoichi Suzuki ◽  
Nana Kato ◽  
Chisa Hayakawa ◽  
Satoko Kawabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gallic Acid ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Potential Food

In this study, we present the isolation and characterization of the structure of six gallotannins (1–6), three ellagitannins (7–9), a neolignan glucoside (10), and three related polyphenolic compounds (gallic acid, 11 and 12) from Trapa bispinosa Roxb. pericarp extract (TBE). Among the isolates, the structure of compound 10 possessing a previously unclear absolute configuration was unambiguously determined through nuclear magnetic resonance and circular dichroism analyses. The α-glucosidase activity and glycation inhibitory effects of the isolates were evaluated. Decarboxylated rugosin A (8) showed an α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, while hydrolyzable tannins revealed stronger antiglycation activity than that of the positive control. Furthermore, the identification and quantification of the TBE polyphenols were investigated by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to ultraviolet detection and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry analysis, indicating the predominance of gallic acid, ellagic acid, and galloyl glucoses showing marked antiglycation properties. These findings suggest that there is a potential food industry application of polyphenols in TBE as a functional food with antidiabetic and antiglycation activities.

The Study of Biodegradation of Butyl Benzyl Phthalate by Phanerochaete Chrysosporium

2011 ◽  
Vol 343-344 ◽  
pp. 513-518
Author(s):  
Yu Nan Yang ◽  
Wei Fang ◽  
Xun Jie Hu ◽  
Na Ren ◽  
Da Wei Liang
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Phanerochaete Chrysosporium ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Biodegradation Rate ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Butyl Benzyl Phthalate ◽  
Hplc Profile ◽  
Butyl Phthalate

In this study, the microbial degradation characteristics of butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP) were studied by using Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Results showed Phanerochaete chrysosporium can effectively degrade BBP and the degradation efficiency can reach 90% in 2 days. This strain can use BBP as sole carbon source. The biodegradation of BBP by Phanerochaete chrysosporium fits for first-order kinetics (lnc=-Kbt+a), which are lnc = -0.0445x + 4.4235、lnc = -0.0404x + 5.1221、lnc =-0.0389x + 5.6363, respectively, for the concentration of 100mg/L, 300mg/L, 500mg/L. The biodegradation rate constants are 0.0445 d-1, 0.0404 d-1, 0.0389 d-1, respectively. The biodegradation rate constant reduces with the increase of the concentration of BBP, indicating BBP has inhibitory effect on Phanerochaete chrysosporium, especially under high concentration. The high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) profile of the metabolites indicated the accumulation of two major products except for phthalic acid (PA). These two products were characterized by high performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS) as mono-n-butyl phthalate (MBuP) and monobenzyl phthalate (MBzP).

scholarly journals Bioremediation of Endosulfan Contaminated Soil by using Microbial Consortia in the Field

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (11) ◽  
pp. 558-569
Author(s):  
Chan-Ho Park ◽  
Joo-Young Lee ◽  
Min-Ji Cho ◽  
Jinhua Cheng ◽  
Kyu-Jin Yum
Keyword(s):  
Phanerochaete Chrysosporium ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Field Testing ◽  
Control Site ◽  
Microbial Consortia ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Streptomyces Sp ◽  
Aoac Method ◽  
Foreign Agricultural

Objectives : The use of risky and persistent organochlorine pesticides was prohibited, but is still detected in many agricultural lands. In this study, Phanerochaete chrysosporium Y-2 (KCCM-10725P) and Streptomyces sp. MJM14747 (KACC 81078BP), which were finally selected among various candidate microorganisms, were applied to field soil and estimated the endosulfan removal rate.Methods : The field testing sites were set to an area of 3 m × 3 m, respectively. A 35% endosulfan emulsion was sprayed on both sites so that the final concentration was about 20 µg/g. Thereafter, 12 kg of original sawdust and 12 kg of sawdust loaded with microbial consortia were mixed at each of the two sites. During the test period for a total of 100 days, samples were taken every 30 days. Soil samples were extracted according to the QuEChERS AOAC method and analyzed by gas chromatography.Results and Discussion : The concentrations immediately after endosulfan emulsion treatment at both sites were detected as 21.2 µg/g and 21.9 µg/g, respectively. The removal rate of endosulfan at the site without microbial consortia treatment (Control) was about 21.9% until the 30th day, and 54.4% on the 100th day. On the other hand, the endosulfan removal rate on the 100th day of the site treated with microbial consortia was 89.5%, which was 1.6 times higher than that of the control site. On the 30th day, the removal rate was 56.8%, and the rate of degradation of endosulfan increased thereafter. Among the major components of endosulfan, the removal rate of α-endosulfan was higher than that of β-endosulfan. After 100 days, the removal rates of α-endosulfan and β-endosulfan were 98.0% and 83.5%, respectively.Conclusions : Streptomyces sp. MJM14747 showed good degradation ability in the presence of endosulfan at a high concentration of around 100 µg/g. Moreover, Phanerochaete chrysosporium Y-2 has a good performance in the removal of β-endosulfan, which is slow degrading components of endosulfan. Microbial consortia are expected to be applied not only to domestic and foreign agricultural land but also to overall bioremediation projects.

Application and Development of High-Efficiency Abrasive Finishing

2011 ◽  
Vol 189-193 ◽  
pp. 3113-3116
Author(s):  
Chang He Li ◽  
Ling Yun Qi ◽  
Hua Yang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Abrasive Machining ◽  
Machining Processes ◽  
Belt Grinding ◽  
Hard And Brittle Materials ◽  
High Removal Rate

High-efficiency abrasive machining is one of the important technology of advanced manufacture. Combined with raw and finishing machining, it can attain high removal rate like turning, milling and planning. The difficult-to-grinding materials can also be ground by means of this method with high performance. In the present paper, development status and latest progresses on high efficiency abrasive machining technologies relate to high speed and super-high speed grinding, high efficiency deep-cut grinding, hard and brittle materials high-efficiency grinding, powerful grinding and belt grinding were summarized. The efficiency and parameters range of these abrasive machining processes were compared. The key technologies of high efficiency abrasive machining, including grinding wheel, spindle and bearing, grinder, coolant supplying, installation and orientation of wheel and workpiece and safety defended, as well as intelligent monitor and NC grinding were investigated.

Heterogeneous Fenton Catalytic Removal of Organic Pollutant in Aqueous Solution by using Coal Gangue as a Catalyst

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 312-325
Author(s):  
Jiwei Zhang ◽  
Jingjing Xu ◽  
Shuaixia Liu ◽  
Baoxiang Gu ◽  
Feng Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Hydroxyl Radical ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Organic Pollutant ◽  
Coal Gangue ◽  
Ion Leakage ◽  
Heterogeneous Fenton ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
X Ray

Background: Coal gangue was used as a catalyst in heterogeneous Fenton process for the degradation of azo dye and phenol. The influencing factors, such as solution pH gangue concentration and hydrogen peroxide dosage were investigated, and the reaction mechanism between coal gangue and hydrogen peroxide was also discussed. Methods: Experimental results showed that coal gangue has the ability to activate hydrogen peroxide to degrade environmental pollutants in aqueous solution. Under optimal conditions, after 60 minutes of treatment, more than 90.57% of reactive red dye was removed, and the removal efficiency of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) up to 72.83%. Results: Both hydroxyl radical and superoxide radical anion participated in the degradation of organic pollutant but hydroxyl radical predominated. Stability tests for coal gangue were also carried out via the continuous degradation experiment and ion leakage analysis. After five times continuous degradation, dye removal rate decreased slightly and the leached Fe was still at very low level (2.24-3.02 mg L-1). The results of Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-Ray Spectrometer (EDS) and X-Ray Powder Diffraction (XRD) indicated that coal gangue catalyst is stable after five times continuous reuse. Conclusion: The progress in this research suggested that coal gangue is a potential nature catalyst for the efficient degradation of organic pollutant in water and wastewater via the Fenton reaction.

Quantitation of Δ8-THC, Δ9-THC, Cannabidiol and 10 Other Cannabinoids and Metabolites in Oral Fluid by HPLC–MS-MS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Lin ◽  
Piyadarsha Amaratunga ◽  
Jerome Reed ◽  
Pornkamol Huang ◽  
Bridget Lorenz Lemberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Subject ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Oral Fluid ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Forensic Toxicology ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Driving Impairment ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Cannabidiolic Acid ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass

Abstract Quantitative analysis of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) in oral fluid has gained increasing interest in clinical and forensic toxicology laboratories. New medicinal and/or recreational cannabinoid products require laboratories to distinguish different patterns of cannabinoid use. This study validated a high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for 13 different cannabinoids, including (-)-trans-Δ8-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ8-THC), (-)-trans-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC), cannabidiol (CBD), Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid-A (Δ9-THCA-A), cannabidiolic acid (CBDA), 11-hydroxy-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (11-OH-Δ9-THC), 11-nor-9-carboxy-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THCCOOH), tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV), cannabidivarin (CBDV), cannabidiorcol (CBD-C1), cannabichromene (CBC), cannabinol (CBN) and cannabigerol (CBG), in oral fluid. Baseline separation was achieved in the entire quantitation range between Δ9-THC and its isomer Δ8-THC. The quantitation range of Δ9-THC, Δ8-THC and CBD was from 0.1 to 800 ng/mL. Two hundred human subject oral fluid samples were analyzed with this method after solid phase extraction. Among the 200 human subject oral fluid samples, all 13 cannabinoid analytes were confirmed in at least one sample. Δ8-THC was confirmed in 11 samples, with or without the presence of Δ9-THC. A high concentration of 11-OH-Δ9-THC or Δ9-THCCOOH (>400 ng/mL) was confirmed in three samples. CBD, Δ9-THCA-A, THCV, CBN and CBG were confirmed in 74, 39, 44, 107 and 112 of the 179 confirmed Δ9-THC-positive samples, respectively. The quantitation of multiple cannabinoids and metabolites in oral fluid simultaneously provides valuable information for revealing cannabinoid consumption and interpreting cannabinoid-induced driving impairment.

scholarly journals Concentration of Bioactive Phenolic Compounds in Olive Mill Wastewater by Direct Contact Membrane Distillation

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1808
Author(s):  
Rosa Tundis ◽  
Carmela Conidi ◽  
Monica R. Loizzo ◽  
Vincenzo Sicari ◽  
Rosa Romeo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Direct Contact ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Membrane Distillation ◽  
Olive Mill Wastewater ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Direct Contact Membrane Distillation ◽  
Reducing Activity ◽  
Β Carotene ◽  
Olive Mill

Olive mill wastewater (OMW), generated as a by-product of olive oil production, is considered one of the most polluting effluents produced by the agro-food industry, due to its high concentration of organic matter and nutrients. However, OMW is rich in several polyphenols, representing compounds with remarkable biological properties. This study aimed to analyze the chemical profile as well as the antioxidant and anti-obesity properties of concentrated fractions obtained from microfiltered OMW treated by direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD). Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) analyses were applied to quantify some phenols selected as phytochemical markers. Moreover, α-Amylase, α-glucosidase, and lipase inhibitory activity were investigated together with the antioxidant activity by means of assays, namely β-carotene bleaching, 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic) acid (ABTS) diammonium salts, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, and Ferric Reducing Activity Power (FRAP) tests. MD retentate—which has content of about five times greater of hydroxytyrosol and verbascoside and about 7 times greater of oleuropein than the feed—was more active as an antioxidant in all applied assays. Of interest is the result obtained in the DPPH test (an inhibitory concentration 50% (IC50) of 9.8 μg/mL in comparison to the feed (IC50 of 97.2 μg/mL)) and in the ABTS assay (an IC50 of 0.4 μg/mL in comparison to the feed (IC50 of 1.2 μg/mL)).

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