scholarly journals Efficient removal of acetic acid by a regenerable resin-based spherical activated carbon

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huiling Wu ◽  
Wenjing Sun ◽  
Huangzhao Wei ◽  
Ying Zhao ◽  
Chengyu Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Process ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Molecular Layer ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Discharge Process ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Spherical Activated Carbon

Abstract Carboxylic acids are the main pollutant of industrial wastewater during the Advanced Oxidation Process (AOPs). In this study, we here study a resin-based spherical activated carbon (RSAC, AF5) as an adsorbent and use acetic acid as a model substrate for adsorption investigation. The pH = 3, temperature = 298 K were fixed by batch technique. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model, the intraparticle and external models are fitted well, and it was found that the adsorption of acetic acid onto AF5 was controlled by liquid film diffusion. Freundlich model indicates the adsorption process is heterogeneous multi-molecular layer adsorption on the surface. AF5 shows good regenerative ability; the recovery rate of adsorption capacity is ∼88% after 5 cycles. And COD adsorption removal rate can be maintained 100% for over 35 h in an actual AOPs effluent, and it can be eluted for 100% after 8 h by 0.8wt% NaOH. The characterizations, including XRF, XRD, TG/DSC,FTIR, SEM and N2 adsorption, show that the excellent adsorption performance is mainly due to the microporous structure and large specific surface area (1,512.88 m2/g), the adsorption mechanism mainly including pore filling effect and electrostatic attraction. After five adsorption-recycles, AF5's pore characteristic does not change significantly. This study provided a scientific basis for the wastewater standard discharge process of AOPs coupled adsorption.

scholarly journals Adsorption of COD in Coking Wastewater on Nitric Acid-Modified Blue Coke Activated Carbon

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Xu Jiang ◽  
Xinzhe Lan ◽  
Yonghui Song ◽  
Xiangdong Xing
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Nitric Acid Concentration ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Coking Wastewater ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Acid Modification ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Cod Removal Rate

The blue coke activated carbon (BAC) modified by nitric acid at different concentrations was used as an adsorbent to remove COD from coking wastewater. Characterization of BAC was performed using N2 adsorption/desorption techniques, scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Boehm titration. The results showed the Brunner–Emmet–Teller (BET) specific surface area and iodine value of BAC became higher after modification, and the adsorption capacity of BAC for coking wastewater was effectively improved with nitric acid modification. The optimal nitric acid concentration for modification was 3 mol/L (BAC-N3), which had more acid functional group contents than unmodified. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal rate was to reach 77.05% when 4 g BAC-N3 was added into 50 mL coking wastewater in 120 min with a shaking speed of 100 rpm at 25°C. Langmuir model could better describe equilibrium adsorption data by BAC-N3, and the kinetic study showed that the adsorption process was best fitted by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model.

Adsorption of Chromium (VI) from Aqueous Solution by Agricultural Waste Derived Activated Carbon

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 2100-2106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Zhang ◽  
Xue Hong Zhang ◽  
Yi Nian Zhu ◽  
Shou Rui Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Chromium Vi ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Grapefruit Peel ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
C 30

Activated carbon prepared from grapefruit peel, an agricultural solid waste by-product, has been used for the adsorption of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution. The effects of adsorbent dosage, pH and temperature on adsorption of Cr(VI) were investigated. The maximum adsorption yield was obtained at the initial pH of 3. The dynamical data fit very well with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the calculated adsorption capacities (23.98, 24.33 and 24.81 mg/g) were in good agreement with experiment results at 20°C, 30°C and 40 °C for the 100 mg/L Cr(VI) solution. The Freundlich model (R2 values were 0.9198-0.9871) fitted adsorption data better than the Langmuir model. The calculated parameters confirmed the favorable adsorption of Cr(VI) on the activated carbon prepared from grapefruit peel.

Nanoparticle Fe3O4 magnetized activated carbon from Armeniaca sibirica shell for the adsorption of Hg(II) ions

BioResources ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 6100-6120
Author(s):  
Yinan Hao ◽  
Yanfei Pan ◽  
Qingwei Du ◽  
Xudong Li ◽  
Ximing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Entropy Change ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Adsorption Parameters ◽  
Initial Concentration

Armeniaca sibirica shell activated carbon (ASSAC) magnetized by nanoparticle Fe3O4 prepared from Armeniaca sibirica shell was investigated to determine its adsorption for Hg2+ from wastewater. Fe3O4/ASSAC was characterized using XRD (X-ray diffraction), FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy), SEM (scanning electron microscopy), and BET (Brunauer–Emmett–Teller). Optimum adsorption parameters were determined based on the initial concentration of Hg2+, reaction time, reaction temperature, and pH value in adsorption studies. The experiment results demonstrated that the specific surface area of ASSAC decreased after magnetization; however the adsorption capacity and removal rate of Hg2+ increased 0.656 mg/g and 0.630%, respectively. When the initial concentration of Hg2+ solution was 250 mg/L and the pH value was 2, the adsorption time was 180 min and the temperature was 30 °C, and with the Fe3O4/ASSAC at 0.05 g, the adsorption reaching 97.1 mg/g, and the removal efficiency was 99.6%. The adsorption capacity of Fe3O4/ASSAC to Hg2+ was in accord with Freundlich isotherm models, and a pseudo-second-order kinetic equation was used to fit the adsorption best. The Gibbs free energy ΔGo < 0，enthalpy change ΔHo < 0, and entropy change ΔSo < 0 which manifested the adsorption was a spontaneous and exothermic process.

scholarly journals Adsorption of Cr(VI) ions onto goethite, activated carbon and their composite: kinetic and thermodynamic studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. B. Adebayo ◽  
H. I. Adegoke ◽  
Sidiq Fauzeeyat
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Adsorption Capacities ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Daniellia Oliveri ◽  
Kinetic And Thermodynamic Studies

Abstract Hexavalent chromium was adsorbed from aqueous solution with three prepared and characterized adsorbents, namely goethite (G), activated carbon (AC) and their composite (GAC). The goethite particle was synthesized using the precipitation methods, and activated carbon was prepared from the stem bark of Daniellia oliveri tree and composite in a ratio of 1:5 goethite–activated carbon. The adsorption capacities of G, AC and GAC for Cr(VI) are 6.627, 5.455 and 6.354 mg/g with 0.02 g adsorbent within contact time of 60, 180 and 30 min for G, AC and GAC, respectively, for Cr(VI) adsorption at optimum pH of 3. The isotherm studied was best explained by Langmuir adsorption isotherm and fitted with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Desorption studies showed that 1.0 M HNO3 was a better desorbing agent than 0.1 M HNO3, 0.1 M HCl and 1.0 M HCl. Chromium was most desorbed (94.60% in Cr//G using 1 M HNO3). The result obtained revealed that goethite and activated carbon produced are favourable adsorbents and the composite of the two adsorbents gives a more favourable, economical and affordable adsorbent for the clean-up of heavy metal contamination.

scholarly journals Preparation of grafting copolymer of acrylic acid onto loess surface and its adsorption behavior

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 673-682
Author(s):  
Fengqin Tang ◽  
Di Gao ◽  
Li Wang ◽  
Yufeng He ◽  
Pengfei Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Vinyl Pyrrolidone ◽  
Mineral Particle ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Grafting Copolymer

Abstract Loess is a typical natural mineral particle distributed widely around the world, and it is inexpensive, readily accessible, and harmless to the environment. In this study, loess was modified by surface grafting copolymerization of functional monomers, such as acrylic acid, N-vinyl pyrrolidone, and N,N-methylenebisacrylamide as a cross-linking agent, which afforded a novel loess-based grafting copolymer (LC-PAVP). After being characterized by scanning electron microscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, its adsorption capacity and mechanism of removing lead ions (Pb2+) were investigated. With the study of the optimal experimental conditions, it was demonstrated that the removal rate of Pb2+ by LC-PAVP can reach up to 99.49% in 60 min at room temperature. It was also found that the kinetic characteristics of the adsorption capacity due to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the thermodynamics conformed well with the Freundlich model. In summary, as a lost-cost and eco-friendly loess-based adsorbent, LC-PAVP is a good potential material for wastewater treatment.

scholarly journals Adsorption of Hexavalent Chromium from Aqueous Solution Using Chemically Activated Carbon Prepared from Locally Available Waste of Bamboo (Oxytenanthera abyssinica)

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamirat Dula ◽  
Khalid Siraj ◽  
Shimeles Addisu Kitte
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Hexavalent Chromium ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Koh Activation ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Oxytenanthera Abyssinica ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Order Kinetic Model

This study reports on the adsorption of Hexavalent Chromium from aqueous solutions using activated carbon prepared from bamboo (Oxytenanthera abyssinica) waste by KOH activation heating in an electrical furnace at 1073 K for 3 hrs. Batch adsorption experiments were also carried out as a function of pH, contact time, initial concentration of the adsorbate, adsorbent dosage, and temperature of the solution. Kinetic studies of the data showed that the adsorption follows the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Thermodynamic parameters showed that adsorption on the surface of BWAC was feasible, spontaneous in nature, and exothermic between temperatures of 298 and 318 K. The equilibrium data better fitted the Freundlich isotherm model for studying the adsorption behavior of Hexavalent Chromium by BWAC. IR spectrum for loaded and unloaded BWAC was obtained using FT-IR spectrophotometer. Adsorption efficiency and capacity of Hexavalent Chromium were found to be 98.28% at pH 2 and 59.23 mg/g at 300 K.

Equilibrium and Kinetic Studies of Benzene and Toluene Adsorption onto Microwave Irradiated-Coconut Shell Activated Carbon

2014 ◽  
Vol 1043 ◽  
pp. 219-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noor Shawal Nasri ◽  
Jibril Mohammed ◽  
Muhammad Abbas Ahmad Zaini ◽  
Usman Dadum Hamza ◽  
Husna Mohd. Zain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Coconut Shell Activated Carbon

Concern about environmental protection has increased over the years and the presence of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in water poses a threat to the environment. In this study, coconut shell activated carbon (PHAC) was produced by potassium hydroxide activation via microwave for benzene and toluene removal. Equilibrium data were fitted to Langmuir, Freundlich and Tempkin isotherms with all the models having R2 > 0.94. The equilibrium data were best fitted by Langmuir isotherm, with maximum adsorption capacity of 212 and 238mg/g for benzene and toluene, respectively. The equilibrium parameter (RL) falls between 0 and 1 confirming the favourability of the Langmuir model. Pseudo-second-order kinetic model best fitted the kinetic data. The PHAC produced can be used to remediate water polluted by VOCs.

Effect of Operating Conditions on the Chemical Phosphate Removal Using during Ferrous Iron Oxidation

2013 ◽  
Vol 807-809 ◽  
pp. 478-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Li ◽  
Wen Yi Dong ◽  
Hong Jie Wang ◽  
Jin Nan Lin ◽  
Feng Ouyang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ferrous Iron ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Iron Oxidation ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Phosphate Removal ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Ferrous Iron Oxidation ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Kinetics Of

In this study, the effect of operating parameters and the co-existing ions on the phosphate removal during the ferrous iron oxidation was investigated. Results showed that with the increase of DO and [Fe (II)]0, the final phosphate removal rate both increased. But with increasing of pH, the final phosphate removal rate firstly increased and then decreased when the pH was higher than 8.0. The co-existing ions affected the final removal rate significantly, and the kinetics of phosphate removal followed the pseudo-first-order kinetic model. The corresponding kobs trends for the cation followed the order of Cu2+>Mn2+>Zn2+>NH4+-N. The presence of Cu2+ promoted the phosphate removal significantly. Compared with the control, , the time required to achieve 40 % phosphate removal rate, at the condition of 0.5 mg/L Cu2+, reduced from 60 min to 10 s. However, the selective anions inhibited the phosphate removal, due to the formation of Fe-anions complexes. The effect of selective anions on the phosphate removal rate constant decreased in the order of SO42->Cl-> NO3-.

scholarly journals Methylene Blue Dye Removal from Aqueous Media Using Activated Carbon Prepared by Lotus Leaves: Kinetic, Equilibrium and Thermodynamic Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 363-373
Author(s):  
Roya Salahshour ◽  
Mehdi Shanbedi ◽  
Hossein Esmaeili
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Sorption Process ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Methylene Blue Dye ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Lotus Leaves

In the present work, methylene blue was eliminated from aqueous solution using activated carbon prepared by lotus leaves. To perform the experiments, batch method was applied. Also, several analyses such as SEM, FTIR, EDAX and BET were done to determine the surface properties of the activated carbon. The results showed that the maximum sorption efficiency of 97.59% was obtained in initial dye concentration of 10 mg/L, pH of 9, adsorbent dosage of 4 g/L, temperature of 25 °C, contact time of 60 min and mixture speed of 400 rpm. Furthermore, the maximum adsorption capacity was determined 80 mg/g, which was a significant value. The experimental data was analyzed using pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order and intra-particle diffusion kinetic models, which the results showed that the pseudo-second order kinetic model could better describe the kinetic behavior of the sorption process. Also, the constant rate of the pseudo-second order kinetic model was obtained in the range of 0.0218–0.0345 g/mg.min. Moreover, the adsorption equilibrium was well described using Freundlich isotherm model. Furthermore, the thermodynamic studies indicated that the sorption process of methylene blue dye using the activated carbon was spontaneous and exothermic.

scholarly journals Adsorptive Studies for the Removal of Crystal Violet Dye from Aqueous Solution by Using Cicca Acida L. Stem - Activated Carbon

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 436-443
Author(s):  
Sharmila Ramasamy ◽  
Anbarasu Kaliyaperumal ◽  
Thamilarasu Pommanaickar
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Crystal Violet ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Crystal Violet Dye ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

Textile industries discharge wastewater containing various dyes including Crystal Violet dye. These dyes are very harmful for human beings, animals and plants. Therefore, the attempt is made for adsorption framework on elimination of crystal violet dye by using Cicca acida L. stem-activated carbon from aqueous solution carried out under various experimental methods and optimization conditions. Adsorption data modeled with Freundlich, Langmuir and Tempkin adsorption isotherms. Thermodynamic factors like as ∆Ho, ∆So and ∆Go were calculated, which indicated that the adsorption was spontaneous and endothermic nature. Based on kinetic study, pseudo-second order kinetic model was fit compared to the pseudo-first order kinetic model. The adsorbent has been characterized by SEM before and after adsorption of crystal violet dye solution.

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