scholarly journals CALDO DE LAMBRETA: ETNOGRAFIA DOS SABERES DA TRADIÇÃO NA ATIVIDADE EXTRATIVISTA DAS COLETORAS DA LUCINA PECTINATA NA VILA DE GARAPUÁ, CAIRU - BA / LAMBRETA BROTH: ETHNOGRAPHY OF TRADITION KNOWLEDGE IN ACTIVITY OF GATHERERS OF LUCINA PECTINATA IN THE VILLAGE OF GARAPUÁ, CAIRU - BA

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (50) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laitta Santiago
Keyword(s):  
Work Organization ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Mangrove Ecosystem ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Market Prices ◽  
Lucina Pectinata ◽  
Southern Bahia ◽  
Working Groups ◽  
Tidal Streams ◽  
The Village

Este estudo visou conhecer a coleta de um molusco chamado de lambreta (Lucina pectinata) por marisqueiras na vila de Garapuá, Cairu, no Baixo Sul baiano, perpassando pelas artes de pesca, organização do trabalho, saúde ocupacional e as melhores condições de tempo e maré. Utilizou-se o método etnográfico com diários de campo, entrevistas e registro fotográfico. Os grupos de trabalho das marisqueiras são formados majoritariamente por mulheres que fazem rodízios na exploração dos mangues, em cinco jornadas semanais de quatro horas diárias de trabalho. Cada integrante obtém em torno de dez dúzias de lambreta por dia, vendidas a atravessadores a preços abaixo do valor de mercado. A coleta do animal – localizado através de um fio d’água subindo à superfície – é feita com a mão ou com o uso do facão e condicionada pelas fases da lua, pelo fluxo das marés e pelo caráter agreste do ecossistema manguezal. As coletoras levam consigo o samburá (um cesto para carregar peixe), alimentação, vestimenta e óleo diesel, usado como repelente. A diminuição dos estoques naturais de lambreta leva as marisqueiras a aumentar as horas de trabalho no mangue e as distâncias percorridas, assim como a desejarem abandonar a tradicional atividade, buscando outras fontes de renda, como o beneficiamento do camarão.ABSTRACTThis study aims to carry out the gathering by hand of a mollusc called ‘Lambreta’ (Lucina pectinata) by shellfish gatherers in the village of Garapuá, Cairu, in Southern Bahia, Brazil, including the fishing gear, work organization, occupational health and better weather and tide conditions. We used the ethnographic method with daily field diaries, interviews and photographic record. The working groups are composed mostly by women who take turns in the exploitation of mangroves, working five days a week, four hours a day. Each member collects around ten dozen lambretas per day, which are sold to middlemen below market prices. The molluscs gathering – identified by a trickle of water rising to the surface – is done by hand or using a machete and it is conditioned by moon phases, tidal streams and the wild features of the mangrove ecosystem. The collectors take with them the samburá (a kind of creel), food, clothing and diesel oil, used as insect repellent. The decline in natural stocks of lambreta forces collectors to increase their working hours in the mangroves and the distance traveled, as well as it makes them want to leave this traditional activity, and seek for other sources of income such as shrimp processing.

A Study on Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders among Sewing Machine Operators

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekta . ◽  
Manju Mehta ◽  
Praveen Kumar Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Work Organization ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
The Body ◽  
Musculoskeletal Symptoms ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Workplace Design ◽  
Sewing Machine ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Machine Operators

A musculoskeletal disorder is highly dependent on the workplace design. The workers whose job requires repetitive tasks, are more prone to this disorder. Textile industry is one of the labor intensive industries and most of its jobs require continuous engagement with the work. Sewing machine operators in this sector due to workplace design are facing high risk of health issues due to focused attention and static posture of the body. Understanding the health issues linked with continuous working hours and static posture need to be addressed. Both Government and non- government organizations need to be better involved in designing interventions targeting these people and protecting them from such health risks.The present study was conducted in Hisar district from Haryana state in which respondents were selected randomly. Total number of respondents were 60 in which 28 were males and 32 were females with objectives to assess work organization and work space design and to find out the occupational health problems and musculoskeletal symptoms among sewing machine operators. The results showed that maximum numbers of the respondents (68.4%) were took break of fixed duration and (53.4%) respondents were work along with others. Majority (43.3%) respondents were the first experience of MSK symptoms from 7 days to 12 months followed by (33.3%) respondents in 2-3 years.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KESESUAIAN EKOWISATA MANGROVE DESA KAHYAPU PULAU ENGGANO

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-73
Author(s):  
Desi Fitriana ◽  
Yar Johan ◽  
Person Pesona Renta
Keyword(s):  
Survey Methods ◽  
Mangrove Ecosystem ◽  
Mangrove Ecosystems ◽  
Suitability Index ◽  
Ecological Suitability ◽  
The Village

The purpose of this study was to identify the potential of mangrove ecosystems as mangrove ecotourism objects and calculate suitability mangrove ecotourism in the village Kahyapu Enggano . This research was conducted using survey methods, measurements in the field and ecological suitability determination based on the multiplication of weights and scores obtained from any of the parameters consisting of five parameters: the thickness of the mangrove , mangrove density , types of mangrove , tidal and biota object . Mangrove ecosystem in the Village Kahyapu Enggano has the potential to be developed as an ecotourism mangrove . Based on the results, the results of IKW ( Travel Suitability Index ) at the stations I 60 % category S2 (Match ) , Station II 66 % category S2 (Match ) and Station III 71 % category S2 (Match ).

scholarly journals Profil Darah Ikan Gelodok (Periophthalmodon schlosseri) dan (Boleophthalamus boddarti) di Desa Kuala Tambangan Pelaihari, Kalimantan Selatan

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 176
Author(s):  
Nita Azhari ◽  
Hidayaturrahmah Hidayaturrahmah
Keyword(s):  
Normal Limit ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Mangrove Ecosystem ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Blood Profile ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Range Type ◽  
Periophthalmodon Schlosseri ◽  
The Village ◽  
Mean Cell Hemoglobin

Profil darah memiliki peran yang sangat penting dalam fisiologi metabolisme dan aktifitas tubuh hewan. Kuala Tambangan memiliki banyak potensi sumber daya ikan salah satunya ikan gelodok. Ikan gelodok di kawasan ini mudah ditemukan, akan tetapi sampai sekarang belum dimanfaatkan dengan baik oleh masyarakat. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui profil darah ikan gelodok jenis Periophthalmodon schlosseri dan Boleophthalamus boddarti pada ekosistem mangrove yang berada di desa Kuala Tambangan, Kabupaten Tanah Laut, Kalimantan Selatan. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu metode penangkapan hewan langka yaitu line transek, metode hemositometer dan metode sahli parameter yang dihitung hemoglobin, eritrosit, leukosit, hematokrit, MCV (Mean Corpusculla Volume), MCH (Mean Cell Hemoglobin), MCHC (Mean Cell Hemoglobin Concentration) pada 2 jenis ikan gelodok 34 ekor P. schlosseri dan 34 ekor B. boddarti. Hasil yang didapatkan adalah eritrosit P. schlosseri 3,87±0,58 x 106 sel/μL; B. boddarti 3,78±0,73 x 106 sel/μL 2 jenis ikan gelodok ini memiliki nilai eritrosit diatas batas normal; leukosit P. schlosseri 11,91±5,61 x103 sel/μL dan B. boddartii 9,72±4,24 x103 sel/μL nilai leukosit pada 2 jenis ikan gelodok ini berada di atas batas normal; hemoglobin P. schlosseri 11,59±1,75 % dan B. boddartii 11,75±1,96 % dari hasil yang didapat kadar hemoglobin pada 2 jenis ikan gelodok ini berada di atas batas normal kadar hemoglobin ikan pada umumnya; hematokrit P. schlosseri 34,32±5,57 % dan B. boddartii 35,71±5,44 % hasil hematokrit yang didapat dari 2 jenis ikan gelodok ini yaitu di atas batas normal; jenis P. schlosseri memiliki nilai MCV 88,72±6,62 μm3 yang berada di bawah batas normal; MCH 29,92±0,69 pg/sel yang berada di bawah batas normal; MCHC 33,99±3,97 g/dL pada jenis ini nilai MCHC masih berada pada batas normal; jenis B. boddartii memiliki nilai MCV 96,16±17,96 μm3 yang berada di bawah batas normal; MCH 31,51±5,50 pg/sel yang masih berada di batas normal; MCHC 32,87±1,77 g/dL nilai MCHC pada jenis ini masih berada pada batas normal. Blood profile has a very important role in the physiology of metabolism and animal body activities. Kuala Tambangan has a lot of potential fish resources, one of which is the fish Mudskipper. Mudskipper fish in this area are easy to find, but until now it has not been utilized properly by the community. The purpose of this study was to determine the blood profile of the Periophthalmodon Schlosseri and Boleophthalamus boddarti fish species in the mangrove ecosystem in the village of Kuala Tambangan, Tanah Laut District, South Kalimantan . The method used in this study is the method of catching endangered animals namely trasnek line, hemocytometer method and parameter Sahli method which is calculated hemoglobin, erythrocytes, leukocytes, hematocrit, MCV (Mean Corpuscular Volume), MCH (Mean Cell Hemoglobin), MCHC (Mean Cell Hemoglobin Concentration) on 2 types of fish, 34 Periophthalmodon schlosseri and 34 Boleophthalmus boddarti. The results obtained were P. schlosseri erythrocytes 3.87 ± 0.58 x 106 cells / μL; B. boddarti 3.78 ± 0.73 x 106 cells / μL 2 types of fish Mudskipper has erythrocyte values above the normal limit; P. schlosseri leukocytes 11.91 ± 5.61 x103 cells / μL and B. boddartii 9.72 ± 4.24 x103 cells / μL leukocyte values in these 2 types of jagged fish are above normal limits; hemoglobin P. schlosseri 11.59 ± 1.75 % and B. boddartii 11.75 ± 1.96 % from the results obtained by the hemoglobin levels in these 2 types of fishes are above the normal limit of fish hemoglobin levels in general; hematocrit P.schlosseri 34.32 ± 5.57 % and B. boddartii 35.71 ± 5.44 % hematocrit results obtained from these 2 types of mudskipper fish are above normal limits; P.schlosseri species had MCV values of 88.72 ± 6.62 μm3 which were below normal limits; MCH 29.92 ± 0.69 pg / cell that is below the normal range; MCHC 33.99 ± 3.97 g / dL in this type the MCHC value is still in the normal range; type B. boddartii has a MCV value of 96.16 ± 17.96 μm3 which is below normal limits; MCH 31,51 ± 5.50 pg / cell which is still in the normal range; MCHC 32.87 ± 1.77 g / dL MCHC values in this type are still within normal limits.Keywords: gelodok, blood, kuala tambangan

scholarly journals Society’s Participation Model For Mangrove Rehabilitation in Cempa District, Pinrang Regency

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Nurul Azmi
Keyword(s):  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Mangrove Ecosystem ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Planning Stage ◽  
Working Groups ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Mangrove Rehabilitation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Forest Rehabilitation

This study aims to determine: 1) The level of society support in the rehabilitation of mangrove forests. 2) Model ofsociety participation in the rehabilitation of mangrove forests. The population in this study was 721 people, a sample was72 people. The sampling technique used is proportional random sampling. Data collection using observation techniques, interviews, and questionnaires. Data analysis using descriptive interpretative. The results showed that the level of knowledge and society support about mangrove forest rehabilitation is good enough. The model of society  participation is that they are directly involved in the rehabilitation of mangrove forest starting from the planning stage, which is to provide aspirations in the form of concepts, ideas. Designing the concept to be implemented. Planting, they participates in the provision of seeds and planting. Establish working groups led by community leaders or chairmen of working groups. Maintenance, participate in mangrove csssare from the re-planting of mangroves that diaman dead and eradicate the pests that attack the mangrove seeds, and finally the Supervision, in this stage  they forbid anyone to remove, cut the mangrove that has been planted. The government also participates in the supervision and make the rule of giving sanctions to those who deliberately destroy the mangrove ecosystem.

scholarly journals Mapeamento e identificação de vetores responsáveis pela supressão do manguezal na Zona Costeira do Baixo Sul da Bahia, Brasil (Mapping and identification of vectors responsible for mangrove suppression in the Southern Bahia Lowlands, Brazil)

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 2503
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Sena de Souza ◽  
Ivonice Sena de Souza ◽  
George Olavo ◽  
Jocimara Souza Britto Lobão ◽  
Rafael Vinícius de São José
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Satellite Image ◽  
Mangrove Ecosystem ◽  
Shrimp Farming ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Coverage Area ◽  
Southern Bahia ◽  
Global Accuracy ◽  
Landsat Satellite ◽  
Accuracy Indices

O ecossistema manguezal representa 8% de toda a linha de costa do planeta ocupando uma área total de 181.077 km2. O Brasil é o segundo país em extensão de áreas de manguezal, ficando atrás apenas da Indonésia. O objetivo do presente estudo foi mapear e identificar os principais vetores responsáveis pela supressão da cobertura das áreas de manguezal na região do Baixo Sul da Bahia, Brasil, a partir de imagens de satélite Landsat disponíveis para o período entre 1994 e 2017. Os mapeamentos foram realizados a partir de classificação supervisionada, utilizando o método Maxver. A acurácia da classificação obtida foi verificada através da verdade de campo, de índices de Exatidão Global, e dos coeficientes de concordância kappa e Tau. As classes que apresentaram maior área de cobertura no período analisado foram: vegetação ombrófila densa, agropecuária, solo exposto e manguezal. Foram identificados dois vetores principais responsáveis pela supressão dos bosques de mangue: a expansão desordenada das áreas urbanas (com destaque para o município de Valença) e o avanço da atividade de carcinicultura clandestina, devido a instalação de tanques de cultivo de camarão sem o devido processo de licenciamento ambiental (sobretudo no município de Nilo Peçanha). O uso das geotecnologias, em especial o Sensoriamento Remoto e os Sistemas de Informações Geográficas, foram ferramentas fundamentais na identificação destes vetores responsáveis pela supressão das áreas de manguezal na área de estudo região do Baixo Sul da Bahia.  Mapping and identification of vectors responsible for mangrove suppression in the Southern Bahia Lowlands, BrazilA B S T R A C TThe mangrove ecosystem represents 8% of the entire coastline of the planet and occupies a total area of 181,077 km2. Brazil is the second largest country in terms of mangrove areas, second only to Indonesia. The aim of the present study was to map and identify the main vectors responsible for the suppression of mangrove cover in the Southern Lowlands of Bahia, Brazil, from Landsat satellite images available for the period 1994-2017. based on supervised classification using the Maxver method. The accuracy of the classification obtained was verified through field truth, Global Accuracy indices, and kappa and Tau agreement coefficients. The classes that presented larger coverage area in the analyzed period were: dense ombrophilous vegetation, agriculture, exposed soil and mangrove. Two main vectors responsible for the suppression of mangrove forests were identified: the disorderly expansion of urban areas (especially the municipality of Valença) and the advance of clandestine shrimp farming due to the installation of shrimp farms without due environmental licensing process (mainly in the municipality of Nilo Peçanha). The use of geotechnologies, especially Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems, were fundamental tools in the identification of these vectors responsible for the suppression of mangrove areas in the study area of the Southern Bahia Lowlands.Key-words: environmental impacts, satellite image, shrimp farming.

Złote łany, ziemniaczane pola i zagony buraków. Roślinny krajobraz polskiej wsi w perspektywie historii gospodarczej

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (1 (460)) ◽  
pp. 33-43
Author(s):  
Piotr Koryś
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Sugar Beet ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Sugar Industry ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Times ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Village

The article discusses the role of plants in Poland’s economic development over the last 500 years. The author presents the role of five plants in the history of Poland’s development: cereals (wheat and rye), potatoes, sugar beet and rape. The specificity of the economic development of modern Europe has made Poland one of Europe’s granaries and an important exporter of cereals. This shaped the civilization of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and contributed to its fall due to institutional specificity. In the 19th century, potatoes played an important role in the population development of Polish lands, as they helped feed the rapidly growing population. The spread of sugar beet cultivation created the conditions for the development of modern sugar industry in the second half of the 19th century. It became one of the first modern branches of the food industry in Poland and contributed to the modernization of the village. Quite recently, oilseed rape was to become a plant that would bring back the times of agricultural sheikhs – no longer the nobility would trade in cereals on the European markets, but entrepreneurs producing a vegetable substitute for diesel oil.

scholarly journals KONTRIBUSI WANITA DALAM AKTIVITAS EKONOMI DAN RUMAH TANGGA KABUPATEN MALANG

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Dwi Eko Waluyo ◽  
Uci Yuliati
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Women Workers ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Family Economy ◽  
The Village

This study was conducted to discover the women contribution on the dynamics of village economic activities.  It was a very interesting topic to discuss since most of women in the village have low educational background and always directed to be workers. The respondents of this project were 51 housemaids who were selected by employing purposive sampling technique. Subsequently, the data which consisted of variables in the form of individual characteristics, earnings, and working hours were analyzed using cross-tabulation. The results showed that the majority of women workers' education is elementary school (47.1%), junior high school (37.3%), senior high school (7.8%) and they were mostly less than 45 years old. In conclusion, women's income had contributed well to meet the expectations of family economy with average wage was 350,000 rupiah per month for 8 work hours per day.

scholarly journals Ecosystem Protection Of Mangrove Based Society By Village Decision (Case In The Bay Of Labuan Uki, Regensi Of Bolaang Mongondow)

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 198
Author(s):  
Hariyano Hasantua ◽  
Ridwan Lasabuda ◽  
Adnan S. Wantasen
Keyword(s):  
Mangrove Ecosystem ◽  
Marine Biota ◽  
Fish Production ◽  
Low Area ◽  
Ecosystem Protection ◽  
Study Case ◽  
Industry Area ◽  
The Village ◽  
Solid System

The decrease of mangrove ecosystem in the coast Labuan Uki bay loak subdistrict, bolaang mongondow province caused by conversion land on each parts of mangrove become industry area and people residance. It’s  has effect to fish production, when there has low area of mangrove aqual to fisherman income. It means that, mangrove has no fungsion as development facility of marine biota will give the effect to the organism in that area.To make protection to mangrove ecosystem area in the bay of Labuan Uki. The researcher do the research of mangrove ecosystem based society by village decision. To know the wide and the study case of useless in labuan uki area. The result of this research to analys using qualitatife description method.The result of this research to give information to the researcer about the village regulation able to accept by villager with one hundred percent (30 persons total respondents). Than in the village regulation is kinds of mangrove ecosystem protection  based society that purpose to the cuntinue basic development in the bay of labuan uki and have been to apply solid system and partnerships. And the wide of mangrove about ± 241.75 ha. In there has genus Rhizophora, genus Sonneratia, Genus Bruiguera and genus Avicennia. But the most genus in Labuan Uki is dominate of  genus Rhizphora. In this case has to identificate effect of this problem that is to find out location of it. For the first in Sauk village dusun 1 the wide about ± 7.500 m2 as a talung conversion area. Secondly batubara II village dusun 3 the wide about ± 204 m2 and ± 3 ha. To conversion as location to make residance and fishpond area. And the last Labuan Uki village dusun IV the wide about ± 3 ha and about ± 3 ha. To conversion as fishpond area and PT. BETAGAS factory area.The key : defect case, mangrove, joint village regulation ABSTRAK Berkurangnya ekosistem hutan mangrove di pesisir Teluk Labuan Uki Kecamatan Lolak, Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow dikarenakan oleh konversi lahan pada beberapa daerah dari hutan mangrove menjadi daerah perindustrian dan pemukiman penduduk. Hal tersebut berpengaruh pada produksi perikanan, dimana penurunan areal hutan mangrove berbanding lurus dengan tingkat pendapatan nelayan. Artinya, hilangnya fungsi hutan mangrove sebagai fasilitas perkembangbiakan biota laut akan dapat mempengerahui keberadaan organisme laut disekitanya.Untuk mendekati upaya perlindungan di sekitar ekosistem hutan mangrove di kawasan teluk Labuan Uki, maka dilakukan penelitian ekosistem hutan mangrove berbasis masyarakat melalui penetapan peraturan desa bersama. Guna mengetahui luasan dan kasus kegiatan pemanfaatan yang terjadi di kawasan teluk Labuan uki. Hasil penelitian selanjutnya di analisis menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peraturan desa bersama dapat disetujui masyrakat desa dengan nilai 100 % (dari total responden 30 orang). Sedangkan penulisan peraturan desa bersama adalah bentuk upaya perlindungan ekosistem hutan mangrove berbasis masyarakat yang mengarah pada prinsip-prinsip pembangunan berkelanjutan teluk Labuan Uki dan telah menerapkan sistem keterpaduan dan kemitraan. Dan ekosistem hutan mangrove terdapat luas ± 241.75 ha. Serta banyak ditumbuhi oleh genus Rhizophora, genus Sonneratia, Genus Bruiguera dan genus Avicennia. Namun yang mendominasi kawasan teluk Labuan Uki adalah genus Rhizphora. Di samping itu, indentifikasi pemangku kepentingan dan permasalahan dari kasus kegiatan kerusakan hutan mangrove ditemukan beberapa titik, Desa Sauk dusun I luasan ± 7.500 m2 yang di konversi sebagai lahan talung (pemecah ombak) dan ± 1.500 m2 untuk  jalan perahu. Desa Baturapa II dusun 3 luasan ± 204 m2 dan ± 3 ha yang dikonversi sebagai lahan pembuatan rumah dan tambak. Dan Desa Labuan Uki dusun IV luasan ± 3 ha dan luasan ± 3 ha yang dikonversi sabagai lahan tambak dan perusahaan pabrik PT. BETAGAS.Kata kunci:      Kasus kerusakan, hutan mangrove, peraturan desa bersama.

scholarly journals MANGROVE FOREST CONDITION IN PIRU BAY, WEST SERAM, MOLUCCAS

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fasmi Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Mangrove Ecosystem ◽  
Line Transect ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Forest Condition ◽  
Number Of Individuals ◽  
The Village ◽  
Made In

<p><em>Information on condition and biodiversity of mangrove ecosystem to support a sustainable management of mangrove ecosystem is very important in the coastal region of Eti village, Piru Bay, West Seram, Molluccas. The purposes of this study were to determine the condition and biodiversity of mangrove ecosystem in the village of Eti, Gulf Piru. Filed data collection was conducted in November 2010 using the line transect method. The box size along the transects was made in accordance with its purposes such as 10 x 10 m<sup>2</sup> for trees, 5 x 5 m<sup>2</sup> for sapling, and 1 x 1 m<sup>2</sup> for seed. The distance between the box transect was 25 m. Number of individuals of each species were counted and the diameter at the chest-height was also measured. Results showed that sixteen species were found within ten genera. There were 9 species of tree categories, 10 species of sapling categories, and 8 species of seed categories. The highest density and frequency of occurrence for the three categories was represented by <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Rhizophora</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline;">apiculata</span>, while the largest coverage percentage was represented by <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Sonneratia</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline;">alba</span>. The highest important value was also represented by <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Rhizophora</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline;">apiculata</span>. In general, the condition of mangrove forests in the village of Eti, Piru Bay was still relatively good, but the local community was very active to take advantage of these mangrove forests products such as charcoal, fencing, and wood that they sold every week. Therfore, it is necessary for local government efforts to protect the mangrove ecosystem from destructed activities of the local community.</em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong><em>: mangrove forest, <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Rhizophora</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline;">apiculata</span>, <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Sonneratia</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline;">alba</span>, Teluk Piru, Molluucas</em></p>

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