Current Understanding of Interactions between Nanoparticles and ABC Transporters in Cancer Cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (42) ◽  
pp. 5930-5944 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Yin ◽  
Xudong Deng ◽  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Jun Lin
Keyword(s):  
Abc Transporters ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Major Elements ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Potential Toxicity ◽  
Central Nervous System Disorders ◽  
Extensive Search ◽  
Potential Interactions ◽  
Effective Cancer Therapy

Background: ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters-mediated multidrug resistance (MDR) remains the major obstacle for effective cancer therapy. Nanoparticles (NPs)-based delivery systems are promising to overcome MDR, but only a few of them have been accepted for clinical treatment, which should be due to their insufficient transportation and potential toxicity. In this respect, more and more attentions are being attracted on the interactions between NPs and ABC transporters, which hold a key role in the treatment of MDR cancer and the toxicity of NPs. However, there are no systematic reviews about such interactions, especially about their corresponding mechanism. Methods: We undertook extensive search of PubMed databases for peer-reviewed literatures using focused review questions. The retrieved papers were mostly published within the 5 years (84 of 104) and all with an impact factor above 2. First, this review focused on the current knowledge of ABC transporters involved in MDR and their inhibitors. Then, we reviewed the most recent literature about the inhibitory effects of organic NPs’ excipients on ABC transporters and the direct interactions of inorganic NPs with ABC transporters. The major elements of obtained papers were described and classified depending on the structure of NPs. Results: Both organic and inorganic NPs can inhibit the function of ABC transporters, but based on different mechanisms. The effects of organic NPs are caused by several excipients like surfactants, polymers, lipids and cyclodextrin. Meanwhile, inorganic NPs usually act as the substrates of ABC transporters and competitively inhibit the efflux of drugs. These phenomena are interesting and worth investigating. Conclusion: The finding of this review confirmed the potential interactions between NPs and ABC transporters. These phenomena are interesting and worth investigating, and a knowledge of related mechanism would not only be important for the clinical therapies toward overcoming cancer MDR, but also help the treatment of other diseases like tuberculosis, AIDS, and central nervous system disorders, whose drugresistance was also related to ABC transporter-mediated efflux.

Meconium Stained Liquor: A View from a District Hospital

1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-17
Author(s):  
Ludwig M Apers
Keyword(s):  
Recent Literature ◽  
District Hospital ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Fetal Outcome ◽  
District Level ◽  
Adverse Fetal Outcome

Meconium stained liquor (MSL) is a common problem in obstetrics, but its management at district level causes some specific questions. Recent literature was reviewed to obtain an insight in the current knowledge about the significance, the related pathology and the possible strategies to prevent adverse fetal outcome. The acquired data were used to propose some recommendations to tackle this problem at district level.

scholarly journals ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC) Transporter Genes in Plant-Parasitic Nematodes: An Opinion for Development of Novel Control Strategy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rinu Kooliyottil ◽  
Koushik Rao Gadhachanda ◽  
Nejra Solo ◽  
Louise-Marie Dandurand
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Abc Transporters ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Initial Contact ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Plant Parasitic ◽  
Detoxification Pathways

The molecular interaction between the nematode and the host plant cells is complex and sophisticated. Initial contact with the plant parasitic nematodes (PPNs) triggers immune response in the host plant system which includes the release of toxic molecules. To put a bridle on this immune response, PPNs trigger pivotal cytoprotective mechanisms, such as antioxidant and detoxification pathways. Mechanisms of these pathways have been studied in PPNs and the specific genes involved have been targeted for gene silencing research in view of developing novel control measures. However, one of the important group of proteins involved in detoxification pathways known as ABC-transporters are not being studied until recently in PPNs. This opinion article focusses on the current knowledge and future prospects of ABC transporters in PPNs.

Electromagnetic Fields

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Feychting ◽  
Joachim Schüz
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Fields ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Power Frequency ◽  
Carcinogenic Effects ◽  
Potential Interactions ◽  
Scientific Questions

This chapter focuses on the carcinogenic effects of exposure to electromagnetic fields, mainly power frequency and radiofrequency fields/microwaves. It describes the sources of exposure, reviews the available epidemiological studies, and considers the strengths and weaknesses of the available data, potential biases, and current knowledge about potential interactions. Based on current evidence, electromagnetic fields are not regarded as carcinogenic to humans, but there are open scientific questions that merit further research.

scholarly journals Targeting Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in Ovarian Cancer

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 329
Author(s):  
Seiji Mabuchi ◽  
Tomoyuki Sasano ◽  
Naoko Komura
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Suppressor Cells ◽  
Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cells ◽  
Murine Models ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Advanced Clinical Stage ◽  
Growth Inhibitory ◽  
Immature Myeloid Cells

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous population of immature myeloid cells that exhibit immunosuppressive activity. They also directly stimulate tumor cell proliferation, metastasis, and angiogenesis. In ovarian cancer, there are increased numbers of circulating or tumor-infiltrating MDSCs, and increased frequencies of MDSCs are associated with a poor prognosis or an advanced clinical stage. Moreover, in murine models of ovarian cancer, MDSC depletion has shown significant growth-inhibitory effects and enhanced the therapeutic efficacy of existing anticancer therapies. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on MDSC biology, clinical significance of MDSC, and potential MDSC-targeting strategies in ovarian cancer.

scholarly journals Geological, Mineralogical and Textural Impacts on the Distribution of Environmentally Toxic Trace Elements in Seafloor Massive Sulfide Occurrences

Minerals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Fallon ◽  
Matthias Frische ◽  
Sven Petersen ◽  
Richard Brooker ◽  
Thomas Scott
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Trace Element ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Trace Element Distribution ◽  
Potentially Toxic Metals ◽  
Potential Toxicity ◽  
Toxic Trace Elements ◽  
Oxidation Rates ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Tectonic Settings

With mining of seafloor massive sulfides (SMS) coming closer to reality, it is vital that we have a good understanding of the geochemistry of these occurrences and the potential toxicity impact associated with mining them. In this study, SMS samples from seven hydrothermal fields from various tectonic settings were investigated by in-situ microanalysis (electron microprobe (EMPA) and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS)) to highlight the distribution of potentially-toxic trace elements (Cu, Zn, Pb, Mn, Cd, As, Sb, Co, Ni, Bi, Ag and Hg) within the deposits, their minerals and textures. We demonstrate that a combination of mineralogy, trace element composition and texture characterisation of SMS from various geotectonic settings, when considered along with our current knowledge of oxidation rates and galvanic coupling, can be used to predict potential toxicity of deposit types and individual samples and highlight which may be of environmental concern. Although we cannot quantify toxicity, we observe that arc-related sulfide deposits have a high potential toxicity when compared with deposits from other tectonic settings based on their genetic association of a wide range of potentially toxic metals (As, Sb, Pb, Hg, Ag and Bi) that are incorporated into more reactive sulfosalts, galena and Fe-rich sphalerite. Thus, deposits such as these require special care when considered as mining targets. In contrast, the exclusive concern of ultra-mafic deposits is Cu, present in abundant, albeit less reactive chalcopyrite, but largely barren of other metals such as As, Pb, Sb, Cd and Hg. Whilst geological setting does dictate metal endowment, ultimately mineralogy is the largest control of trace element distribution and subsequent potential toxicity. Deposits containing abundant pyrrhotite (high-temperature deposits) and Fe-rich sphalerite (ubiquitous to all SMS deposits) as well as deposits with abundant colloform textures also pose a higher risk. This type of study can be combined with “bulk lethal toxicity” assessments and used throughout the stages of a mining project to help guide prospecting and legislation, focus exploitation and minimise environmental impact.

scholarly journals Regulation von ABC-Transportern durch FKBPs

BIOspektrum ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-134
Author(s):  
Markus Geisler
Keyword(s):  
Abc Transporter ◽  
Abc Transporters ◽  
Plant Hormone ◽  
Auxin Transport ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Atp Binding ◽  
Fk506 Binding Protein ◽  
Atp Binding Cassette

AbstractThe plant hormone auxin is distributed in the plant by a sophisticated network of importers and exporters, including members of the ABCB subclass of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters. ABCB-mediated auxin transport is controlled by Twisted Dwarf1, a member of the FK506-binding protein (FKBP) family. Here, we summarize current knowledge on ABC transporter regulation by FKBPs, which seems to be conserved over kingdoms and ABC subfamilies arguing for conserved mechanism of plant and mammalian post-translational transporter regulation.

scholarly journals Kaolin, bentonite, and zeolites as feed supplements for animals: health advantages and risks

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 389-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Trckova ◽  
L. Matlova ◽  
L. Dvorska ◽  
I. Pavlik
Keyword(s):  
Animal Species ◽  
Potential Toxicity ◽  
Diarrheal Diseases ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Feed Supplements ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Processing And Storage ◽  
Potential Interactions ◽  
And Storage

Feeding kaolin as a supplement to pigs for prevention of diarrheal diseases has been introduced into some farms in the CzechRepublic. Peat was used in the 1990s for a similar purpose; however, most farmers ceased feeding peat as a supplement because of its frequent contamination with conditionally pathogenic mycobacteria, esp. with Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis. The aim of the present paper is to review available literature from the standpoint of the advantages and disadvantages related to feeding kaolin as a supplement to animals. Its positive effects exerted through the diet primarily consist in its adsorbent capability which may be useful for detoxification of the organism and for prevention of diarrheal diseases in pigs. Because the mechanism of action of kaolin fed as a supplement is unknown, a risk related to its potential interactions with other nutrient compounds of the diet exists. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the effectiveness and safety of feeding kaolin in detail with regard to the health status and performance of each farm animal species. The disadvantage of kaolin use is its potential toxicity, provided it has been mined from the environment with natural or anthropogenic occurrence of toxic compounds. Another risk factor is a potential contamination of originally sterile kaolin with conditionally pathogenic mycobacteria from surface water, dust, soil, and other constituents of the environment in the mines during kaolin extraction, processing and storage.

scholarly journals De-novo macrocyclic peptides dissect energy coupling of a heterodimeric ABC transporter by multimode allosteric inhibition

eLife ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erich Stefan ◽  
Richard Obexer ◽  
Susanne Hofmann ◽  
Khanh Vu Huu ◽  
Yichao Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abc Transporters ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Energy Coupling ◽  
Atp Binding ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Conformational Switching ◽  
Substrate Transport ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Macrocyclic Peptides ◽  
Transport Complex

ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters constitute the largest family of primary active transporters involved in a multitude of physiological processes and human diseases. Despite considerable efforts, it remains unclear how ABC transporters harness the chemical energy of ATP to drive substrate transport across cell membranes. Here, by random nonstandard peptide integrated discovery (RaPID), we leveraged combinatorial macrocyclic peptides that target a heterodimeric ABC transport complex and explore fundamental principles of the substrate translocation cycle. High-affinity peptidic macrocycles bind conformationally selective and display potent multimode inhibitory effects. The macrocycles block the transporter either before or after unidirectional substrate export along a single conformational switch induced by ATP binding. Our study reveals mechanistic principles of ATP binding, conformational switching, and energy transduction for substrate transport of ABC export systems. We highlight the potential of de novo macrocycles as effective inhibitors for membrane proteins implicated in multidrug resistance, providing avenues for the next-generation of pharmaceuticals.

scholarly journals Taste of Fat: A Sixth Taste Modality?

2016 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Besnard ◽  
Patricia Passilly-Degrace ◽  
Naim A. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Recent Literature ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Dietary Lipids ◽  
Taste Bud ◽  
Long Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Specific Receptors ◽  
Taste Bud Cells ◽  
Long Chain

An attraction for palatable foods rich in lipids is shared by rodents and humans. Over the last decade, the mechanisms responsible for this specific eating behavior have been actively studied, and compelling evidence implicates a taste component in the orosensory detection of dietary lipids [i.e., long-chain fatty acids (LCFA)], in addition to textural, olfactory, and postingestive cues. The interactions between LCFA and specific receptors in taste bud cells (TBC) elicit physiological changes that affect both food intake and digestive functions. After a short overview of the gustatory pathway, this review brings together the key findings consistent with the existence of a sixth taste modality devoted to the perception of lipids. The main steps leading to this new paradigm (i.e., chemoreception of LCFA in TBC, cell signaling cascade, transfer of lipid signals throughout the gustatory nervous pathway, and their physiological consequences) will be critically analyzed. The limitations to this concept will also be discussed in the light of our current knowledge of the sense of taste. Finally, we will analyze the recent literature on obesity-related dysfunctions in the orosensory detection of lipids (“fatty” taste?), in relation to the overconsumption of fat-rich foods and the associated health risks.

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