Biologically active antimicrobial compounds from marine microorganisms (2005-2019)

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Muddukrishnaiah ◽  
K Akilandeswari ◽  
Sunnapu Prasad ◽  
V P Shilpa
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Antimicrobial Compounds ◽  
Marine Microorganism ◽  
Marine Microorganisms ◽  
Marine Habitats ◽  
Tract Infections

Introduction: The increase in contagious diseases like nosocomial infections, urinary tract infections, and meningitis has led to the emergence of antimicrobial resistance urgently needs new antimicrobial medication with new modes of action. Some of the antibiotics present in the market have been obtained from terrestrial plants, or extracted semisynthetically from materials which can be fermented. Methods: Marine microorganisms account for approximately 80% of sea biomass and they are essential for the survival and well-being of aquatic habitats owing to their indispensable contribution to biogeochemical cycles and biological processes. In marine ecosystems, microorganisms live as microbial communities in seawater, where symbiotic relationships are formed, and their ecological functions are fulfilled. Results: Marine microorganisms remain the largest, most diverse and most exciting source of structurally and functionally complex antimicrobial agents. They are extremely involved in their structure and functions. Enormous biological wealth lies in marine habitats. These microorganisms are potential sources of novel antimicrobial compounds to combat the most infectious diseases like nosocomial infections, urinary tract infections. Conclusion: This study deals with biologically active antimicrobial compounds taken from marine microorganism source which was reported between the years 2005 and 2019. This review highlights their chemical groups, their bioactivities and sources. Marine microorganism exploitation techniques have also been reported by the authors.

scholarly journals In Vitro Coliform Resistance to Bioactive Compounds in Urinary Infection, Assessed in a Lab Catheterization Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 4315
Author(s):  
Emanuel Vamanu ◽  
Laura Dorina Dinu ◽  
Cristina Mihaela Luntraru ◽  
Alexandru Suciu
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Functional Product ◽  
Tract Infections

Bioactive compounds and phenolic compounds are viable alternatives to antibiotics in recurrent urinary tract infections. This study aimed to use a natural functional product, based on the bioactive compounds’ composition, to inhibit the uropathogenic strains of Escherichia coli. E. coli ATCC 25922 was used to characterize the IVCM (new in vitro catheterization model). As support for reducing bacterial proliferation, the cytotoxicity against a strain of Candida albicans was also determined (over 75% at 1 mg/mL). The results were correlated with the analysis of the distribution of biologically active compounds (trans-ferulic acid-268.44 ± 0.001 mg/100 g extract and an equal quantity of Trans-p-coumaric acid and rosmarinic acid). A pronounced inhibitory effect against the uropathogenic strain E. coli 317 (4 log copy no./mL after 72 h) was determined. The results showed a targeted response to the product for tested bacterial strains. The importance of research resulted from the easy and fast characterization of the functional product with antimicrobial effect against uropathogenic strains of E. coli. This study demonstrated that the proposed in vitro model was a valuable tool for assessing urinary tract infections with E. coli.

scholarly journals Review : Enterocyn from Enterococcus Genus as a Probiotic, Antimicrobial and Biopreservative

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Hasria - Alang
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Antimicrobial Compounds ◽  
Food Spoilage ◽  
Pathogenic Microbes ◽  
Tract Infections

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) is agras, produces antimicrobial compounds called bacteriocin. It can reduce its dependence on antibiotic use. Enterococcus is one of member LA.B. This bacterium has a short and paired chain shape and produces bacteriocin called enterocin. This compound can inhibit the growth of pathogenic microbes that cause disease and food spoilage, so that it can be used as an antimicrobial and biopreservative and also as a probiotic candidate. The use of Enterococcus as a probiotic and biopreservative is often disputed. However, some studies suggest that cases of bacteremia and urinary tract infections by the genus only occur in people who have immune compromised and enterococcus that have been resistant to vancomycin.

scholarly journals Catheter-associated urinary tract infections in Clinical Center of Banja Luka

2003 ◽  
Vol 56 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 460-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonija Verhaz ◽  
Ranko Skrbic ◽  
Mirjana Rakic-Music ◽  
Ana Sabo
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Nursing Staff ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Clinical Performance ◽  
Urinary Catheters ◽  
Clinical Center ◽  
Banja Luka ◽  
Tract Infections

Introduction Catheter-associated urinary tract infections are the most common nosocomial infections of the urinary tract, and among the most common nosocomial infections in general. The major problems of these infections include antibiotic resistance and enormous direct and indirect cost of treatment. Material and methods A retrospective study on major causes of infections and antibiotic resistance was conducted at four clinics of the Clinical Center of Banja Luka. An anonymous questionnaire was distributed to nursing staff dealing with urinary catheters in order to get an overview of their clinical performance. Results The results showed that in 89% of cases (out of 198 patients with developed catheter-associated urinary tract infection) infections were caused by gram-negative bacteria, in 7% by gram-positive bacteria and in 4% by Candida. The most common bacteria were: Escherichia coli (33.6%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (14.1%), Proteus mirabilis (13.3%), and Enterobacter (10.5%). Majority of bacteria presented with extremely high resistance (72-100%) to ampicillin, gentamycin and cotrimoxazole, and in some cases a significant resistance to ciprofloxacine, nalidixic acid, ceftriaxone and ceftazidime. The questionnaire showed that nursing staff did not follow guidelines for medical care of patients with urinary catheters. Conclusion It can be concluded that poor hygienic and epidemiological conditions, as well as irrational use of antibiotics contribute to uncontrolled development of urinary tract infections in catheterized patients.

Multicenter Study of the Prevalence of Nosocomial Infections in Italian Hospitals

2004 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Di Pietrantonj ◽  
Lorenza Ferrara ◽  
G. Lomolino
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Multicenter Study ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Point Prevalence ◽  
Prevalence Study ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Point Prevalence Study ◽  
Tract Infections

AbstractA point-prevalence study of nosocomial infections was conducted in 10 generai hospitals in northwestern Italy in June and July 2000. Infection rates were compared by type and site among the different hospitals. Urinary tract infections were most frequent, accounting for 57.8% of 128 nosocomial infections.

scholarly journals Resistance of catheter-associated urinary tract infections to antibacterials

2005 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonija Verhaz ◽  
Ranko Skrbic ◽  
Mirjana Rakita-Music
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Treatment Principles ◽  
Clinical Center ◽  
Conventional Antibiotics ◽  
Banja Luka ◽  
Tract Infections

Introduction. Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) are the most common nosocomial infections. The worldwide data show the increasing resistance to conventional antibiotics among urinary tract pathogens. Aim. To evaluate the adequacy of initial antimicrobial therapy in relation to the antimicrobial resistance of pathogens responsible for CAUTI in Clinical Center of Banja Luka. Methods. A retrospective study on major causes of CAUTI, antibiotic resistance and treatment principles was conducted at four departments of the Clinical Center of Banja Luka from January 1st, 2000 to April 1st, 2003. Results. The results showed that 265 patients had developed CAUTI. The seven most commonly isolated microorganisms were, in descending order: E. coli (31.0%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (13.8%), Proteus mirabilis (12.9%), Gr. Klebsiella-Enterobacter (12.3%), Enterococcus spp. (5.2%), Pseudomonas spp. (4.3%), Serratia spp. (4.0%). The most common pathogens were highly resistant to ampicillin (64?100%), gentamycin (63?100%), and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (68?100%), while some bacterias, like Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Serratia spp. showed rates of ciprofloxacin resistance as high as 42.8% and 72.7%, respectively. In 55.5% of the cases, the initial antibiotic therapy was inadequate, and was corrected latter on. There were no standard therapeutic protocols for this type of nosocomial infections. Conclusion. The results of this study emphasized an urgency of the prevention and introduction of clinical protocols for better management of CAUTI. Treatment principles should better correspond to the antibiotic sensitivity of uropathogens.

scholarly journals Indigenous wisdom of Ayurvedic drugs to treat Urinary tract infections

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 370-377
Author(s):  
Prashant S Bhokardankar ◽  
Bharat Rathi
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Well Being ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Ayurvedic Drugs ◽  
Indigenous Wisdom ◽  
Tract Infections

Urinary tract infections (UTI) in all ages are related with high morbidity and long term difficulties. Use of antibiotics is useful in cases of UTI, consequently opposition of pathogenic microorganisms to antibiotics  is of high clinical concern. According to Ayurveda drugs especially important components which have been utilized for the treatment of various diseases. The review paper highlighted different clinical studies and scientific studies which are useful to prove the adequacy of Ayurveda drugs against urinary tract infections. Ayurvedic  drugs were reviewed in the current paper in the awake of evaluating their well being for the clinical condition like UTI. Ayurvedic medications showed good anti bacterial properties against both gram positive and negative microscopic organisms causing UTI. Other aspects are highlighted  likewise mitigating, diuretic, cell reinforcement, nephroprotective and antiurolithiatic properties helpful in the administration of UTI and all medications are protected even in high dosages subsequently can be adequately utilized for UTI conditions. In this paper an attempt is made to highlight the research work of herbal drugs of Ayurveda which would be effective in the treatment of UTI. 

scholarly journals Marine Microbial-Derived Antibiotics and Biosurfactants as Potential New Agents against Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections

Marine Drugs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 255
Author(s):  
Shuai Zhang ◽  
Xinjin Liang ◽  
Geoffrey Michael Gadd ◽  
Qi Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Extensive Study ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Marine Microorganisms ◽  
New Agents ◽  
Bioactive Materials ◽  
Unexplored Area ◽  
Tract Infections

Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) are among the leading nosocomial infections in the world and have led to the extensive study of various strategies to prevent infection. However, despite an abundance of anti-infection materials having been studied over the last forty-five years, only a few types have come into clinical use, providing an insignificant reduction in CAUTIs. In recent decades, marine resources have emerged as an unexplored area of opportunity offering huge potential in discovering novel bioactive materials to combat human diseases. Some of these materials, such as antimicrobial compounds and biosurfactants synthesized by marine microorganisms, exhibit potent antimicrobial, antiadhesive and antibiofilm activity against a broad spectrum of uropathogens (including multidrug-resistant pathogens) that could be potentially used in urinary catheters to eradicate CAUTIs. This paper summarizes information on the most relevant materials that have been obtained from marine-derived microorganisms over the last decade and discusses their potential as new agents against CAUTIs, providing a prospective proposal for researchers.

scholarly journals Improvement of effectiveness in treatment for urinary tract infection in pregnant women

2021 ◽  
pp. 7-11
Author(s):  
Iu.V. Davydova ◽  
◽  
A.Y. Lymanskaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Complex Treatment ◽  
Tract Infections

The aim is to evaluate the effectiveness of Phytolysin Active prescription in therapy of urinary tract infections in pregnant women. Materials and methods. The efficacy of Phytolysin Active (1 capsule per day for 21 days) in the complex treatment for urinary tract infection was studied in comparison with the group of pregnant women using traditional antimicrobial therapy. The first group consisted of 27 pregnant women who received complex treatment (antibiotic therapy + Phytolysin Active), the second consisted of 25 women who used exclusively antibiotic therapy. Among pregnant women in the first group, symptomatic gestational cystitis was observed in 9 (33.3%) cases, and in the second group in 8 (32%) patients. Results. The effectiveness of combination therapy with the use of Phytolysin Active was proved by significant improvement in general well-being and disappearance of cystitis symptoms in 8 (88.9%) women compared with 5 (62.5%) patients in the treatment group who used exclusively antimicrobial drugs. After treatment with the addition of Phytolysin Active to antibiotic therapy, Escherichiaсoli pathogen, which is most often diagnosed in this pathology, was observed in 1 (3.7%) women compared to 5 (20%) cases in the second group. Also, 25 (92.6%) women of the first group had no recurrence of urinary tract infections for 3 months. Conclusions. Complex treatment of asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnant women with the use of the drug Phytolysin Active is more effective than the use of antibiotic therapy alone, which is proved by the high rate of the pathogen elimination and absence of infection recurrence for 3 months. The synergistic action of two active components of Phytolysin Active (Polpharma) – cranberry proanthocyanidins and lactobacillus acidophilus – improves the effectiveness of treatment and prevents relapse. The study was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the institution. The informed consent of women was obtained for the research. The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Key words: pregnancy, urinary tract infections, treatments, herbal medicine, cranberry, lactobacilli.

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