Effect Of Surfactant Chain Length On Emulsification Dynamics Of Self Emulsifying Formulation Of Poorly Soluble Drug

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shailendra Chouhan ◽  
Lalit Singh Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Chain Length ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Tween 20 ◽  
Almond Oil ◽  
Peg 400 ◽  
Globule Size ◽  
Poorly Soluble ◽  
Tween 40 ◽  
Poorly Soluble Drug ◽  
Tween 60

Aim: In this work the aim was to study the chain length of surfactant on the self emulsifying system of a poorly soluble drug, aceclofenac. The selection of almond oil as a lipid vehicle was done on basis of solubility and compatibility of the vehicle with the drug. Methods: The effect of varying chain length of different surfactants of Tween series namely Tween 20, Tween 40, Tween 60 and Tween 80 was evaluated on self emulsifying efficiency by constructing pseudoternary diagrams. PEG-400 was used as co-surfactant in a definite ratio with all the surfactants to minimize their concentration. The best self emulsifying ability was exhibited by Tween 80: PEG-400 combination followed by Tween 60: PEG-400, Tween 40: PEG-400, Tween 20: PEG-400. This observation indicates that as the chain length of Tweens increases their ability to form a good microemulsion increases if same co-surfactant is used. Results: However it has also been found that the presence of unsaturated bond in Tween 80 provides it an elasticity which supports good intermixing of oil and water and leading to formation of a fine microemulsion. Six different formulations were prepared using combination of almond oil, Tween 80, PEG-400 and the drug aceclofenac. Conclusion : The formulations were subjected to various evaluation parameters such as dispersibility, transmittance, pH, globule size, polydispersibility, zeta potential, viscosity, refractive index and in vitro dissolution. The best formulation was found to have globule size of less than 100 nm, zeta potential of -3.35 ± 0.60 mV which indicates formation of a microemulsion of aceclofenac with good stability.

scholarly journals Skrining Berbagai Jenis Surfaktan Dan Kosurfaktan Sebagai Dasar Pemilihan Formulasi Nanoemulsi

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 158-166
Author(s):  
Ni Luh Putu Karunia Vidya Nirmalayanti
Keyword(s):  
Phase Diagram ◽  
Propylene Glycol ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Tween 20 ◽  
Peg 400 ◽  
Tween 60 ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Optimum Formula ◽  
Pseudoternary Phase Diagram

The main components for making nanoemulsions are oil, surfactants, and cosurfactants. Before formulating nanoemulsions, screening the surfactants and cosurfactants is necessary to produce an optimum formula. Thus, it carries out surfactants screening, namely (tween 20, tween 60, tween 80) and cosurfactants (propyleneglycol, PEG 400, glycerin). This study aimed to screen suitable selection and cosurfactants as the basis for making nanoemulsions. Then, the research method was carried out in two ways: surfactant screening and cosurfactant screening. The final results were analyzed using a pseudoternary phase diagram. The surfactant screening results were tween 20 (40mL), tween 60 (40mL), tween 80 (60mL); thereby, the best surfactant candidate was tween 80. The results of the surfactant screening on the pseudoternary phase diagram are the most optimal, namely tween 80 with propylene glycol because it has a large nanoemulsion formation area. The study proposed the ratio of oil: smix (tween 80 and propyleneglycol) (1:9) as the optimum formula used to make a nanoemulsion base.

Orthogonal Test Design for Optimization of Emulsifying Effectiveness of Phytosterol Adding to Milk Using Tween as Emulsifiers

2013 ◽  
Vol 700 ◽  
pp. 280-283
Author(s):  
Guo Wei Shu ◽  
Ji Li Cao ◽  
He Chen ◽  
Yuan Tan ◽  
Ling Ma
Keyword(s):  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Orthogonal Test ◽  
Tween 20 ◽  
Test Design ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Orthogonal Test Design ◽  
Tween 40 ◽  
Tween 60

Effect of four emulsifiers including Tween 20, Tween 40, Tween 60 and Tween 80 on emulsifying effectiveness of phytosterol adding to milk was studied by single factor and orthogonal experiment. The concentrations of four emulsifiers were all 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.6% and 0.7%. The optimal emulsified conditions showed as follows: the optimal concentrations of Tween 20, Tween 40, Tween 60 and Tween 80 were 0.40%, 0.40%, 0.20% and 0.30%, respectively, the emulsification R reached 1.043 under the conditions mentioned above.

scholarly journals FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF ATORVASTATIN CALCIUM NANOCRYSTALS CONTAINING P-GLYCOPROTEIN INHIBITORS FOR ENHANCING ORAL DELIVERY

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
SARAH LABIB ◽  
MOHAMED NASR ◽  
MOHAMED NASR
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Oral Drug Delivery ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Degree Of Crystallinity ◽  
Oral Drug ◽  
Tween 20 ◽  
Atorvastatin Calcium ◽  
Peg 400 ◽  
P Glycoprotein ◽  
Saturated Solubility

Objective: The main objective of this study was to develop atorvastatin calcium (ATR) as an oral drug delivery system for a P-glycoprotein (P-gp) substrate drug using different pharmaceutical excipients that inhibit P-glycoprotein and evaluate the influence of nanocrystals on the dissolution characteristics and bioavailability compared to the plain drug. Methods: A nanosuspension was prepared by Solvent-antisolvent precipitation method using a solvent containing stabilizer that act as a p-gp inhibitor dissolved in distilled water as polyethylene glycol 300, polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG 300, PEG 400), tween 20 and tween 80 while the solvent selected for atorvastatin calcium was methanol. The concentrations were as follows: PEG 300 and 400 = 0.25% w/v, tween 20 and 80 = 0.75% v/v. Nanocrystals were extracted from the suspension and characterized. Results: Particle size of the drug was 1307±127.79 nm while the formulas prepared ranged from 223±17.67 to 887±58.12 nm. Pure ATR had a saturated solubility of 0.059±0.005 mg/ml and the prepared nanocrystals ranged from 0.32±0.021 to 0.88±0.019 mg/ml. The Percentage of drug released of plain atorvastatin calcium reached 41.49% while the formula ranged from 44.32 to 61.5%. Both XRD and SEM discussed the degree of crystallinity as follows: F1<F2<F4<F3<ATR. Conclusion: 0.3% of PEG 300 and PEG 400 were not enough to formulate proper nanocrystals while 0.75% tween 20 and tween 80 achieved acceptable formulas. F4 which is prepared with tween 80 exhibited the highest enhancement in saturated solubility, dissolution rate and subsequently expected to have improved oral bioavailability.

Solubility Studies and Validation of Lovastatin using High Performance Liquid Chromatography Method

2021 ◽  
pp. 6285-6288
Author(s):  
Nurhabibah Nurhabibah ◽  
A.K. Nugroho ◽  
Ronny Martien ◽  
Endang Lukitaningsih
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Tween 20 ◽  
Chromatography Method ◽  
Peg 400 ◽  
Solubility Studies ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Method

This study aimed to determine the solubility of lovastatin (LV) in different oil, surfactant, and co-surfactant using the high-performance liquid chromatography method. LV was solubility studies in different vehicle. The different vehicle used almond oil, sunflower oil, oleic acid, olive oil, soybean oil, and corn oil, isoprophyl myristate, myoglyol, tween 80, tween 20, and cremophor R.H. 40, propylene glycol, and PEG 400. Each of them was added lovastatin until saturated. The mixtures were mixing, sonicating, putting in the water bath and standing for 24 hours, then centrifugated. Each of the aliquot 2 µL diluted with acetonitrile and determination of concentration lovastatin using HPLC, with detector ultraviolet at 237 nm. Before determinate LV validated, and curve calibration at range 2-16 µg/mL was made. This study using the HPLC method with detector UV 237 nm, Agilent C 18 (4.6 x 150 mm 5 µ) column, and acetonitrile: water (70:30 v/v) as mobile phase. Calibration curve of lovastatin at the range 2-16 µg/mL with linear regression 0.999. Accuracy and precision showed that. Lovastatin has high soluble in oleic acid, tween 80, and PEG 400.

Surfactants for the Effective Recovery of Salmonella in Fatty Foods

1982 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.-Y. D'AOUST ◽  
C. MAISHMENT ◽  
P. STOTLAND ◽  
A. BOVILLE
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Brilliant Green ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Nutrient Broth ◽  
Tween 20 ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
False Negative Results ◽  
Tween 60

Inhibitory concentrations of 8 surfactants were determined for Salmonella typhimurium and Salmonella enteritidis. Pure culture work resulted in the exclusion of Tween 20, Teepol 610 and Brij 35 and retention of Tergitol-7 (T-7), Tween 80 (TW 80), Triton X-100 (TX), Myrj 52S (M), and Arlacel 80 + Tween 60 (AT) for a study on the quantitative recovery of Salmonella in 45 naturally contaminated fatty foods. Replicate food samples (100 g) were preenriched overnight at 35 C in nutrient broth supplemented with 3%(w/v) surfactant except AT (10%). Serial dilutions of preenrichment cultures were selectively enriched overnight in tetrathionate brilliant green (43 C) and selenite cystine (35 C) broths and streaked on bismuth sulfite and brilliant green sulfa agar media. Recovery with all test surfactants was comparable to that obtained with nutrient broth controls; of 270 preenrichment cultures tested, only 7 false-negative results attributable to TX (3), AT (2), M (1), and nutrient broth control (1) were obtained. None of the surfactants consistently yielded greater populations of Salmonella for given foods or food categories; median counts for preenrichment cultures were 104–105 salmonellae/ml for low and high moisture foods and 106–107 salmonellae/ml for animal feeds. These results suggest that use of surfactants to facilitate detection of Salmonella in fatty foods is not warranted.

scholarly journals OPTIMIZATION OF SELF-NANOEMULSIFYING DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS OF LEMONGRASS (CYMBOPOGON CITRATUS) ESSENTIAL OIL

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 144
Author(s):  
Tri Ujilestari ◽  
Bambang Ariyadi ◽  
Ronny Martien ◽  
Zuprizal . ◽  
Nanung Danar Dono
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Cymbopogon Citratus ◽  
Peg 400 ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Poorly Soluble ◽  
Optimum Formula ◽  
Mixture Experimental Design

Objective: Focus of this study was to optimize and to characterize the self-Nano emulsifying drug delivery system using lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) essential oil.Methods: The optimum formulas were analyzed using a D-Optimal mixture experimental design and performed using a Design Expert® Ver. 7.1.5. Formulation variables which include in the design were: oil component X1 (a mixture of Cymbopogon citratus essential oil and virgin coconut oil/VCO), surfactant X2 (Tween 80), and co-surfactant (PEG 400), while emulsification time in a sec (Y1) and transmittance in percent (Y2) as responses.Results: The optimum formula for SNEDDS in the current study were: Cymbopogon citratus essential oil (7.147%), VCO (7.147%), Tween 80 (71.417%), and PEG 400 (14.290%). From the optimizing formula can be shown that the mean of droplet size, polydispersity-index, zeta potential, and viscosity were: 13.17±0.06 nm, 0.17±0.05,-20.90±1.47 mV, 200±0mPa. s (n=3), respectively. Furthermore, the optimized formula has passed the thermodynamic stability test; meanwhile, transmission electron microscopy displayed spherical shape.Conclusion: The optimized SNEDDS formula was improving solubility of poorly soluble Cymbopogon citratus essential oil.

Comparative Analysis of the Properties of Tween‐20, Tween‐60, Tween‐80, Arlacel‐60, and Arlacel‐80

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 477-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shrinivas C. Kothekar ◽  
Adinath M. Ware ◽  
Jyotsna T. Waghmare ◽  
S. A. Momin
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Tween 20 ◽  
Tween 60

Solubility of methane in pure non-ionic surfactants and pure and mixtures of linear alcohols at 298 K and 101.3 kPa

2011 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Balbina García-Aguilar ◽  
Antonio Ramirez ◽  
J. Jones ◽  
Michèle Heitz
Keyword(s):  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Concentration Level ◽  
Environmental Engineering ◽  
Tween 20 ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Hydrophilic Lipophilic Balance ◽  
Great Relevance ◽  
Tween 40 ◽  
Linear Alcohols ◽  
Tween 60

AbstractThe emissions of methane (CH4), a powerful greenhouse gas (GES), contribute to the increase in GES concentration level in the atmosphere. For this reason, the importance of controlling CH4 emissions of anthropogenic origin has increased over the last decades. Physicochemical and biological processes are available for treating CH4. For this reason, such properties as the solubility of CH4 in aqueous solutions and organic solvents are of great relevance in different applications in environmental engineering and biotechnology. In this study, the solubility of CH4 was determined at 298 K and 101.3 kPa in organic solvents, such as polyoxyethylenesorbates (Tween 20, Tween 40, and Tween 60), and linear alcohols (methanol, ethanol, and butan-1-ol) alone and in their admixtures. Admixtures of methanol with butan-1-ol exhibited the highest solubility of CH4, of around 0.49 g m−3 of solvent, whereas the solubility of CH4 in linear alcohols varied from 0.167 g m−3 to 0.41 g m−3 of solvent. In the case of Tweens, CH4 solubility decreased with the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) number.

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