A Prospective Utilization of the Biomass for the Production of the Biodiesel

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepak Verma ◽  
Siddharth Jain
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Fundamental Problem ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Waste Oil ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
The World

: Continuously growing environmental issues became a major problem in the world. These environmental issues deteriorate our day to day life and generate very serious and major diseases. Also, the growing industrialization of the world has steeply risen and demanding petroleum products for their modernization. Economic development has also resulted in a great rise in energy demand. Biodiesel, a less polluting and sustainable fuel replacing diesel has been getting the attention of researchers from around the world. The utilization of vegetable oil and waste oil as fuel is found to be less polluting in comparison to the petrochemical products. The fundamental problem in biodiesel production is that it is more susceptible to the oxidation which results in the increase in viscosity of biodiesel concerning time, which in turn creates the problem. So, in this review paper, the current fossil fuel scenario concerning World and India has been shown concerning the petroleum diesel along with properties of biodiesel resources and production processes of biodiesel.

scholarly journals Catalysts for Biodiesel Production: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 1985-1999
Author(s):  
K.A.V. Miyuranga ◽  
D. Thilakarathne ◽  
Udara S.P.R. Arachchige ◽  
R.A. Jayasinghe ◽  
N.A. Weerasekara
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Sustainable Energy ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
World Population ◽  
Economic Issues ◽  
The World

As the world population and modernization increase, energy demand increases. One of the non-sustainable energy sources is fossil fuels. However, fossil fuel consumption raises various environmental and economic issues. Most of the studies focus on sustainable energy sources, which can replace fossil fuel dependence. Biodiesel is an alternative sustainable fuel for diesel power. Biodiesel can produce through the transesterification process. Since the catalyst plays a significant role in the biodiesel yield during a defined reaction time, the addition of a catalyst can increases the reaction rate. This article is outlined the several catalysts used by multiple researchers over the years to increase biodiesel yields.

Biodiesel production from non-edible oils: A review

2020 ◽  
pp. 149-159
Author(s):  
Jatinder Kataria ◽  
Saroj Kumar Mohapatra ◽  
Amit Pal
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Edible Oils ◽  
Control Measure ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Animal Fats ◽  
The World

The limited fossil reserves, spiraling price and environmental impact due to usage of fossil fuels leads the world wide researchers’ interest in using alternative renewable and environment safe fuels that can meet the energy demand. Biodiesel is an emerging renewable alternative fuel to conventional diesel which can be produced from both edible and non-edible oils, animal fats, algae etc. The society is in dire need of using renewable fuels as an immediate control measure to mitigate the pollution level. In this work an attempt is made to review the requisite and access the capability of the biodiesel in improving the environmental degradation.

scholarly journals Widely used catalysts in biodiesel production: a review

RSC Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (68) ◽  
pp. 41625-41679
Author(s):  
Bishwajit Changmai ◽  
Chhangte Vanlalveni ◽  
Avinash Prabhakar Ingle ◽  
Rahul Bhagat ◽  
Lalthazuala Rokhum
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Biodiesel Production

An ever-increasing energy demand and environmental problems associated with exhaustible fossil fuels have led to the search for an alternative energy. In this context, biodiesel has attracted attention worldwide as an alternative to fossil fuel.

Fuelling America's Climatic Apocalypse

2007 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Leduc
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
The United States ◽  
Climatic Changes ◽  
Frame Of Reference ◽  
Public Understanding ◽  
The World ◽  
Political Economic

AbstractThis paper examines the powerful intersection of Christian fundamentalism and fossil fuel interests in the United States' Republican administration's policy response to climate change. Of particular interest is the increasing recognition that apocalyptic Christian beliefs are informing America's political economic and public understanding of environmental issues, thus allowing climate change to be interpreted from a religious frame of reference that could impact a viable response in a country whose GHG emissions are amongst the highest in the world. While liberal secularists may think the Christian apocalypse to be a misguided belief, scientific discourses on the potential interacting impacts of climatic changes and energy shortages offer an almost complementary rational depiction of apocalypse. By bringing these Christian and secular revelations into dialogue, the following interdisciplinary analysis offers a unique perspective on the way in which apocalyptic thought can both negatively and positively inform a political economic response to climate change.

Recent advances in MoS2-based materials for electrocatalysis

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruizhi Li ◽  
Jie Liang ◽  
Tingshuai Li ◽  
Luchao Yue ◽  
Qian Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Sustainable Technologies ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
The World

The increasing energy demand and related environmental issues have drawn great attention of the world, thus necessitating the development of sustainable technologies to preserve the ecosystems for future generations. Electrocatalysts...

scholarly journals Current Research and Development Status of Corrosion Behavior of Automotive Materials in Biofuels

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1440
Author(s):  
Aamir Shehzad ◽  
Arslan Ahmed ◽  
Moinuddin Mohammed Quazi ◽  
Muhammad Jamshaid ◽  
S. M. Ashrafur Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Development Status ◽  
Automotive Engines ◽  
The World ◽  
Blended Fuel

The world’s need for energy is increasing with the passage of time and the substantial energy demand of the world is met by fossil fuels. Biodiesel has been considered as a replacement for fossil fuels in automotive engines. Biodiesels are advantageous because they provide energy security, they are nontoxic, renewable, economical, and biodegradable and clean sources of energy. However, there are certain disadvantages of biodiesels, including their corrosive, hygroscopic and oxidative natures. This paper provides a review of automotive materials when coming into contact with biodiesel blended fuel in terms of corrosion. Biodiesels have generally been proved to be corrosive, therefore it is important to understand the limits and extents of corrosion on different materials. Methods generally used to find and calculate corrosion have also been discussed in this paper. The reasons for the occurrence of corrosion and the subsequent problems because of corrosion have been presented. Biodiesel production can be carried out by different feedstocks and the studies which have been carried out on these biodiesels have been reviewed in this paper. A certain number of compounds form on the surface of materials because of corrosion and the mechanism behind the formation of these compounds along with the characterization techniques generally used is reviewed.

scholarly journals Biodiesel Production from Palm Methyl Ester (PME) –Review

2019 ◽  
pp. 64-71
Author(s):  
Aasif Procha
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Paper Briefly ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
Ci Engines ◽  
By Products ◽  
Palm Methyl Ester

In the era of the increase in globalization, this led to increase in industrialization and motorization. It’s obvious that with the increase in motorization the consumptions of auto fuels had been increased since long. This may lead to a reduction of fuels (diesel & petrol). Also, environmental issues have arisen from the emissions of toxic pollutants and greenhouse gases. Hence, it is necessary to look for an alternate energy source to respond this problem. To overcome this problem the replacer of fuel in CI engines had been introduced, i.e. “biodiesel”. Biodiesel is composed of fatty acid and some vegetable oils. This review paper briefly describes different biodiesel production methods, especially the production of biodiesel using palm methyl ester (PME) oil, by transesterification process. In addition, it also compares the yield of biodiesel produced form mill effluents and palm oil by-products using flask and batch reactor.

A Review on the Use of Hybrid Nanofluid in a Solar Flat Plate and Parabolic Trough Collectors and Its Enhanced Collector Thermal Efficiency

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-171
Author(s):  
L. Syam Sundar ◽  
Solomon Mesfin ◽  
Yihun Tefera Sintie ◽  
V. Punnaiah ◽  
Ali J. Chamkha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Flat Plate ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Solar Collectors ◽  
The World ◽  
Hybrid Nanofluids ◽  
Flat Plate Collector

Energy demand is high in all parts of the world, mostly in all industrial sectors. To meet the energy demand the fossil fuel is the only way. Due to rapid industrial growth and use of fossil fuel result in global warming and environmental pollution. Moreover, the limited availability of the fossil fuels, it is necessary to depend on the renewable energy sources. Promising renewable energy in the world is solar energy, which is available largely on the earth surface. The solar energy can be converted into thermal energy in the solar flat plate collector. The collector thermal efficiency is purely depends on the working fluid used in it. Most of the studies revealed that replacing the working fluid with high thermal conductivity fluids called as nanofluids and hybrid nanofluids can improve the collector thermal efficiency. Few decades back studies have been conducted with nanofluids in solar collectors. Currently the researchers are working on solar collectors for further improvement of its efficiency using hybrid nanofluids. In this review paper, we will discuss about the synthesis of hybrid nanoparticles, hybrid nanofluids, characterization, thermophysical properties, and application of hybrid nanofluids in solar flat plate collector under natural and forced circulation of fluid. The research gap in the solar collector is also discussed in this article. This paper also explains about the heat transfer capabilities of hybrid nanofluids especially used solar collectors.

Introduction to this special section: India

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 252-253
Author(s):  
Soman Chacko ◽  
Satchidananda Rath ◽  
Pranab Sen ◽  
Subrata Kumar Das
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Special Section ◽  
The United States ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Demand Growth ◽  
The Third ◽  
The World

India is currently the third-largest global consumer of petroleum products after the United States and China. The country produces approximately 720,000 barrels of crude oil and 3.16 billion ft3 of gas per day and imports more than 80% of its oil and 50% of its gas needs. This large discrepancy between domestic supply and consumption has been rising rapidly of late. With an economy growing at 6%–8% per year, India's energy demand growth over the next couple of decades is forecast to be among the highest in the world. To mitigate the heavy dependence on imported energy, India has stepped up efforts in recent years to increase domestic production of oil and gas.

Biodiesel Production from Sunflower Oil

2015 ◽  
Vol 1097 ◽  
pp. 63-68
Author(s):  
Daler Amanbayev ◽  
Joshua Ayinbora ◽  
Low Ke Xin
Keyword(s):  
Southern Africa ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Fatty Acid Methyl Esters ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Income Generation ◽  
Acid Methyl ◽  
The World

Southern Africa is composed of some of the poorest countries in the world. The energy demand in these countries compels them to spend millions of dollars in the purchases of mineral oil and gas to meet their demands while these countries have the ability to produce their own sources of energy from biodiesel. The most common way to produce biodiesel is via trans-esterification process which refers to a catalyzed chemical reaction involving vegetable oil and methanol to yield fatty acid methyl esters (biodiesel). Research has proven that the use of sunflower as a feedstock for biodiesel production yields zero waste. Apart from the fact that there is no waste generated, the sunflower is an attractor of bees and most sunflower farms have been used for honey cultivation, which will result in a two-way income generation, and hence will go a long way to reduce poverty and improve the GDP of Southern Africa countries.

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