CT imaging research progress in 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Yong Shen ◽  
Xun Cheng Yan ◽  
Xiao Dong You ◽  
Xue Wen Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Disease Recurrence ◽  
Ct Imaging ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Imaging Examination ◽  
The World ◽  
Imaging Research ◽  
Asymptomatic Infections ◽  
One Year ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

: The highly contagious novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) broke out at the end of 2019 and has lasted for nearly one year, and the pandemic is still rampant around the world. The diagnosis of COVID-19 is on the basis of the combination of epidemiological history, clinical symptoms, and laboratory and imaging examinations. Among them, imaging examination is of importance in the diagnosis of patients with suspected clinical cases, the investigation of asymptomatic infections and family clustering, the judgment of patient recovery, rediagnosis after disease recurrence, and prognosis prediction. This article reviews the research progress of CT imaging examination in the COVID-19 pandemic.

A CLINICAL CASE OF COVID-19 IN A NEWBORN

2021 ◽  
pp. 129-132
Author(s):  
E. N. Alferovich ◽  
◽  
I. A. Loginova ◽  
A. A. Ustinovich ◽  
E. A. Sarzhevskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Infected Mother ◽  
Laboratory Confirmation ◽  
The World ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
One Year ◽  
System Today

The problem of coronavirus infection has captured the whole world. In one year, the views on the disease itself and its treatment have radically changed. Doctors all over the world cannot give definite answers to a number of questions regarding this virus and its impact on newborn babies. Low susceptibility to coronavirus in young children may be due to some peculiarities of the immune system. Today it is considered to be the main ways of transmission of the virus are airborne and contact. However, the airborne route of infection in newborns is unlikely, because from birth the child is isolated from the sick mother. The issue of the vertical transmission of the virus from an infected mother to a child is discussed. There is no evidence of transmission of coronavirus through breast milk. The diagnosis of coronavirus infection in children is established with a positive epidemiological history and with 2 clinical symptoms with laboratory confirmation. The article presents a single clinical case of coronavirus infection in a newborn. The possible ways of infection of the newborn, the clinical picture, the possibility of joint stay of the mother and the child, breastfeeding, and treatment of the newborn are discussed.

Total Joint Arthroplasty during Coronavirus Disease-2019 COVID-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Mohammad Javad Mortazavi ◽  
Seyed Hadi Kalantar ◽  
Alireza Moharrami ◽  
Mohammad Zarei ◽  
Nima Hoseini Zare
Keyword(s):  
Physical Examination ◽  
Total Joint Arthroplasty ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Joint Arthroplasty ◽  
The Novel ◽  
History Taking ◽  
The World ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Careful Physical Examination

Background: Since the outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemics many orthopedic elective surgeries have been postponed all over the world. There are several guidelines for resuming elective surgeries during this crisis. In our center (Imam Khomeini hospital, Tehran, Iran), we resumed total joint arthroplasty (TJAs) surgeries using preoperative history taking and physical examination. Here, we report our experience. Methods: From February 2020 to August 2020, we included 165 patients who underwent TJA [70 total hip arthroplasty (THA) and 95 total knee arthroplasty (TKA)] in Imam Khomeini hospital, a referral center for COVID-19. We followed each patient from the day of hospitalization to two weeks after discharge by telephone for clinical symptoms of COVID-19. Results: Only one patient became infected with COVID-19 a week after discharge from the hospital, and other patients did not show any sign or symptoms within two weeks after the discharge. Conclusion: We recommend resuming the elective surgeries using a careful physical examination and medical history for all patients, and in suspicious cases, referring to a specialized COVID-19 clinic for further investigation.

scholarly journals Clinical Characteristics of Patients With Re-admitted of Novel Coronavirus 2019 (nCOVID-19) in Wenzhou, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinchun Ye ◽  
Yuping Yuan ◽  
Risheng Huang ◽  
Aiqiong Cheng ◽  
Zhijie Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Ct Imaging ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Medical Observation ◽  
Primary Focus ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Clinical Records ◽  
Test Result ◽  
Pcr Test

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, many patients admitted to hospital for treatment have recovered and been discharged; however, in some instances, these same patients are re-admitted due to a second fever or a positive COVID-19 PCR test result. To ascertain whether it is necessary to treat these patients in hospitals, especially in asymptomatic cases, we summarize and analyze the clinical and treatment characteristics of patients re-admitted to hospital with a second COVID-19 infection.Methods: Of the 141 COVID-19 cases admitted to the Wenzhou Central Hospital between January 17, 2020, to March 5, 2020, which were followed until March 30, 2020, 12 patients were re-admitted with a second COVID-19 infection. Data was collected and analyzed from their clinical records, lab indexes, commuted tomography (CT), and treatment strategies.Results: Most of the 141 patients had positive outcomes from treatment, with only 12 (8.5%) being re-admitted. In this sub-group: one (8.3%) had a fever, a high white blood cell count (WBC), and progressive CT changes; and one (8.3%) had increased transaminase. The PCR tests of these two patients returned negative results. Another 10 patients were admitted due to a positive PCR test result, seven of which were clinically asymptomatic. Compared to the CT imaging following their initial discharge, the CT imaging of all patients was significantly improved, and none required additional oxygen or mechanical ventilation during their second course of treatment.Conclusions: The prognoses of the re-admitted patients were good with no serious cases. We conclude that home treatment with concentrated medical observation is a safe and feasible course of treatment if the patient returns a positive PCR test result but does not display serious clinical symptoms. During medical observation, patients with underlying conditions should remain a primary focus, but most do not need to be re-admitted to the hospital.

scholarly journals Estimating the Prevalence of Asymptomatic COVID-19 Cases and Their Contribution in Transmission - Using Henan Province, China, as an Example

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunyu Li ◽  
Yuchen Zhu ◽  
Chang Qi ◽  
Lili Liu ◽  
Dandan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Henan Province ◽  
Substantial Proportion ◽  
Basic Reproductive Number ◽  
Reproductive Number ◽  
The World ◽  
Asymptomatic Infections ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Background: Novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2), is now sweeping across the world. A substantial proportion of infections only lead to mild symptoms or are asymptomatic, but the proportion and infectivity of asymptomatic infections remains unknown. In this paper, we proposed a model to estimate the proportion and infectivity of asymptomatic cases, using COVID-19 in Henan Province, China, as an example.Methods: We extended the conventional susceptible-exposed-infectious-recovered model by including asymptomatic, unconfirmed symptomatic, and quarantined cases. Based on this model, we used daily reported COVID-19 cases from January 21 to February 26, 2020, in Henan Province to estimate the proportion and infectivity of asymptomatic cases, as well as the change of effective reproductive number, Rt.Results: The proportion of asymptomatic cases among COVID-19 infected individuals was 42% and the infectivity was 10% that of symptomatic ones. The basic reproductive number R0 = 2.73, and Rt dropped below 1 on January 31 under a series of measures.Conclusion: The spread of the COVID-19 epidemic was rapid in the early stage, with a large number of asymptomatic infected individuals having relatively low infectivity. However, it was quickly brought under control with national measures.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF CHRONIC DISEASES ON THE MANIFESTATION OF COVID-19 INFECTION

2021 ◽  
pp. 126-132
Author(s):  
S. O. Yastremska ◽  
O. M. Krekhovska-Lepiavko ◽  
B. A. Lokay ◽  
O. V. Bushtynska ◽  
S. V. Danchak
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Fatality Rate ◽  
The World ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
One Year ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Summary. The first known case of infection from the novel coronavirus was recorded almost one year ago, in China’s Hubei province. The city of Wuhan was infamous the world over as the original virus epicenter, seeing more than half of China’s reported cases and deaths. The outbreak of COVID-19 virus, as sickened more than 14.7 million people. At least 610.200 people have died. The aim of the study – to analyze and systematize the literature data about the influence of chronic diseases on the manifestation of COVID-19 infection. Materials and Methods. The study uses publications of the world scientific literature on COVID-19 infection, in particular the causes and mechanisms of its development, treatment, complications and its consequences as well as the influence of different chronic disorders on the course of COVID-19. Results. A sample of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 across 14 states of the USA in March was analyzed by The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. It was found that many (89 %) had underlying health problem and 94 % of patients were at the age 65 and older. The case fatality rate for those under age 60 was 1.4 percent. For those over age 60, the fatality rate jumps to 4.5 percent. The older the population, the higher the fatality rate. For those 80 and over, Covid-19 appears to have a 13.4 percent fatality rate. Moreover, it was recognized, that older adults don't present in a typical way of the course of different disorders, and we're seeing that with Covid-19 as well. Conclusions. Chronic diseases and conditions are on the rise worldwide. COVID-19 became the most challenging pandemic influencing all countries worldwide. Chronic diseases are suggested to be one of the main causes of different life-threatening complications of COVID-19 infection and one of the main factors of poor prognosis for the patients.

scholarly journals A false alarm of COVID-19 pneumonia in lung cancer: a case report of anti-PD-1 related pneumonitis and literature review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Dai ◽  
Ying Dai ◽  
Sha Liu ◽  
Sha Liu ◽  
Zhiyan Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Ct Imaging ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Radiographic Feature ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Lung Lobe ◽  
History Of ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Abstract Background: The fatal toxicity of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 agents is pneumonitis. The diagnosis consists of the history of immunotherapy, clinical symptoms and presentation of computed tomography (CT) imaging. The typical CT findings include ground-glass opacities. Based on the similar radiographic feature with 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) pneumonia, clinicians are cautious to evaluate diagnosis especially in COVID-19 epidemic areas. Case presentation: Herein we report a 67-year-old male patient with advanced non-small cell lung cancer developed pneumonitis post Sintilimab injection. The dyspnea appeared at the 15th day of close contact with his son who returned from Wuhan, but not accompanied with fever. The chest CT indicated peripherally subpleural lattice opacities at the inferior right lung lobe and bilateral thoracic infusion. The real-time reverse-transcription polymerase-chain-reaction (RT-PCR) from double swab samples within 72 hours remained negative. The patient was thereafter treated with prednisolone and antibiotics for over two weeks. Thereafter the chest CT demonstrated the former lesion almost absorbed, in line with prominently falling CRP level. The anti-PD-1 related pneumonitis with bacterial infection was diagnosed finally based on the clinical evidence and good response to the prednisolone and antibiotics. Conclusion: Both ani-PD-1 related pneumonitis and COVID-19 pneumonia harbor the common clinical symptom and the varied features of CT imaging. Differential diagnosis was based on the epidemiological and immunotherapy histories, RT-PCR tests. The response to glucocorticoid can indirectly help the diagnosis.

scholarly journals FaNet: fast assessment network for the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pneumonia based on 3D CT imaging and clinical symptoms

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenxing Huang ◽  
Xinfeng Liu ◽  
Rongpin Wang ◽  
Mudan Zhang ◽  
Xianchun Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Ct Imaging ◽  
The Novel ◽  
3D Ct ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
3D Ct Imaging

scholarly journals The prevalence, preventive measures and economic impact of pandemic COVID-19 in India: the initial phase

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-62
Author(s):  
Arindam Ganguly ◽  
Ujjal Konar ◽  
Animesh Kundu ◽  
Subhadeep Ghosh ◽  
Ishita Chatterjee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
The Novel ◽  
High Population Density ◽  
Fatal Disease ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The World ◽  
Community Transmission ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Democratic Country

The novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is posing a serious threat to the mankind with its massive infection rate and potentially fatality. A total of 212 countries have been infected within the 112 days of first report causing 2 314 621 confirmed cases and 157 847 deaths worldwide. India, the country which is already battling with poverty, malnutrition and high population density is also at the second stage of coronavirus transmission. The situation is worsening and the attention has focused on the prevalence and preventive measures to be taken to protect 1.35 billion people of the largest democratic country of the world. In this review, a study has been designed to evaluate the prevalence, transmission, clinical symptoms, and preventive measures to control the community transmission of this fatal disease. The initial impact of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak on Indian economy has also been dealt with. This study reviews and summarizes the main points of the epidemic in India until the end of April 2020.

scholarly journals A false alarm of COVID-19 pneumonia in lung cancer with anti-PD-1 related pneumonitis: a case report and review of the literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Dai ◽  
Sha Liu ◽  
Yiruo Zhang ◽  
Xiaoqiu Li ◽  
Zhiyan Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Ct Imaging ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Lung Lobe ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Abstract Background Pneumonitis belongs to the fatal toxicities of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 treatments. Its diagnosis is based on immunotherapeutic histories, clinical symptoms, and the computed tomography (CT) imaging. The radiological features were typically ground-glass opacities, similar to CT presentation of 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) pneumonia. Thus, clinicians are cautious in differential diagnosis especially in COVID-19 epidemic areas. Case presentation Herein, we report a 67-year-old Han Chinese male patient presenting with dyspnea and normal body temperature on the 15th day of close contact with his son, who returned from Wuhan. He was diagnosed as advanced non-small cell lung cancer and developed pneumonitis post Sintilimab injection during COIVD-19 pandemic period. The chest CT indicated peripherally subpleural lattice opacities at the inferior right lung lobe and bilateral thoracic effusion. The swab samples were taken twice within 72 hours and real-time reverse-transcription polymerase-chain-reaction (RT-PCR) results were COVID-19 negative. The patient was thereafter treated with prednisolone and antibiotics for over 2 weeks. The suspicious lesion has almost absorbed according to CT imaging, consistent with prominently falling CRP level. The anti-PD-1 related pneumonitis mixed with bacterial infection was clinically diagnosed based on the laboratory and radiological evidences and good response to the prednisolone and antibiotics. Conclusion The anti-PD-1 related pneumonitis and COVID-19 pneumonia possess similar clinical presentations and CT imaging features. Therefore, differential diagnosis depends on the epidemiological and immunotherapy histories, RT-PCR tests. The response to glucocorticoid is still controversial but helpful for the diagnosis.

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