In vitro Antioxidant, α-amylase and Horseradish Peroxidase Inhibitory Potential of Phenolics Extracts from Chamomilla pubescens, Pulicaria crispa and Rhanterium adpressum growing in Algeria

Background: Plants are a main source of drugs for the therapy of a large number of diseases. Objective: The aim of the present work is to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant and anti-α-amylase and anti-peroxidases (HPR) potentials of phenolic extracts obtained from three spontaneous plants; growing in the South of Algeria such as (Chamomilla pubescens, Pulicaria crispa, and Rhanterium adpressum). This is the first report on the study of α-amylase and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) inhibitory activity for phenolic extracts from the Chamomilla pubescens and Pulicaria crispa plants. Method: The antioxidant activity was evaluated in vitro using four tests: DPPH, CUPRAC, FRAP, and ABTS. The phenolic, flavonoid, and tannin compounds of the three selected Algerian plants were quantified. Also, the inhibition of α-amylase and HRP was evaluated. Results: The quantification of the total phenolic contents revealed that they are widely variable, and depending on extraction solvents, the highest content was recorded by the ethyl acetate extract of Chamomilla pubescens (flowers) 774.93±60.14mg/100 g of dry matter. In all the antioxidant tests, ethyl acetate extracts showed the most effective activity, which the best was (VCEAC = 65.62 ±0.50 µM/g dry matter) of Pulicaria crispa for the DPPH test. Furthermore, the results of α-amylase and peroxidase inhibitory effects indicated that all plants extracts have inhibitory effects on the two enzymes, with AEIC values ranged from 76.55±3.54 to 149.54±6.68 μM/g of dry matter for the α-amylase, and CEIC values ranged from 8.89±2.22 to 9668.31±254.42 μM/g of dry matter for the peroxidase (HRP). Conclusion: The present study results suggest that the three Algerian spontaneous plant species (Rhanterium adpressum, Pulicaria crispa, and Chamomilla pubescens) inhibit peroxidase and α-amylase and exhibit a high antioxidant activity what can be related to the treatment of diabetes and thyroid diseases.

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Effect of Geographical Location and Type of Extract on Total Phenol/Flavon Contents and Antioxidant Activity of Different Fruits Extracts of Withania somnifera

Current Drug Discovery Technologies ◽

10.2174/1570163815666180807100456 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 92-99 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Lokesh Adhikari ◽

Rupali Kotiyal ◽

Mukesh Pandey ◽

Meenakshi Bharkatiya ◽

Ajay Sematy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Withania Somnifera ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Geographical Location ◽

Water Extract ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Phenolic Contents ◽

Geographical Locations

Background:Withania somnifera (family solanaceae) is a well-investigated medicinal plant which is also called Indian ginseng due to its wide spectrum of medicinal properties. The contents and activity of the plant may vary depending on the habitat and part of the plant and the solvent used for extraction. The present study deals with the comparative chemical analysis and in vitro antioxidant activity of methanolic fruits extracts and its subfractions (in ethyl acetate, butanol and water) of W. somnifera collected from two different geographical locations.Methods:In the present study, Withania somnifera fruits were collected from two different geographical locations (Uttarakhand and Rajasthan). The different fruit extracts were prepared and studied for total phenolic contents and total flavone contents. The in vitro antioxidant activity was assessed by DPPH free radical scavenging assay and peroxide scavenging assay.Results:Methanol extract of W. somnifera Uttarakhand and ethyl acetate subfraction of W. somnifera Rajasthan showed the highest amount of Total Phenolic Contents (TPC). In W. somnifera Uttarakhand, ethyl acetate extract showed the highest amount of Total flavonoids while in W. somnifera Rajasthan, methanol extract was found to be the richest in flavonoids. Methanolic extract of W. somnifera Uttarakhand showed the highest free radical scavenging activity while in W. somnifera Rajasthan, the highest antioxidant activity was shown by the methanolic extract followed by butanolic extract, water extract and then ethyl acetate. In the peroxide scavenging assay of antioxidant activity, water extract of W. somnifera Uttarakhand showed the highest activity, while in W. somnifera Rajasthan, ethyl acetate extract showed highest scavenging activity.Conclusion:It was concluded that the geographical location exerts a vital effect on the presence of active constituents and also on the antioxidant potential of W. somnifera.

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In Vitro α-Glucosidase and α-Amylase Inhibitory Activities of Free and Bound Phenolic Extracts from the Bran and Kernel Fractions of Five Sorghum Grain Genotypes

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods9091301 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. 1301

Author(s):

Yun Xiong ◽

Ken Ng ◽

Pangzhen Zhang ◽

Robyn Dorothy Warner ◽

Shuibao Shen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Digestive System ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Inhibitory Effects ◽

Phenolic Contents ◽

Inhibitory Activities ◽

Sorghum Grain ◽

Global Health Challenge ◽

Phenolic Extracts

Diabetes is a global health challenge. Currently, an effective treatment for diabetes is to reduce the postprandial hyperglycaemia by inhibiting the carbohydrate hydrolysing enzymes in the digestive system. In this study, we investigated the in vitro α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory effects of free and bound phenolic extracts, from the bran and kernel fractions of five sorghum grain genotypes. The results showed that the inhibitory effect of sorghum phenolic extracts depended on the phenolic concentration and composition. Sorghum with higher phenolic contents generally had higher inhibitory activity. Among the tested extracts, the brown sorghum (IS131C)-bran-free extract (BR-bran-free, half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) = 18 ± 11 mg sorghum/mL) showed the strongest inhibition against α-glucosidase which was comparable to that of acarbose (IC50 = 1.39 ± 0.23 mg acarbose/mL). The red sorghum (Mr-Buster)-kernel-bound extract (RM-kernel-bound, IC50 = 160 ± 12 mg sorghum/mL) was the most potent in inhibiting α-amylase but was much weaker compared to acarbose (IC50 = 0.50 ± 0.03 mg acarbose/mL).

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Loranthus pulverulentus: A Potent Source of Natural Antioxidants and Alternative Medicine

Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2013/250739 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Muhammad Asam Raza ◽

Rukhsana Kausar ◽

Faraz Ali Rana ◽

Muhammad Danish ◽

Durre Shahwar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Natural Antioxidants ◽

Stem Bark ◽

Antioxidant Potential ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Strong Correlations ◽

Phenolic Contents ◽

Total Phenolic Contents ◽

Total Antioxidant

This study was designed to evaluate the antioxidant potential ofLoranthus pulverulentus. Stem bark, leaves, and seeds ofLoranthus pulverulentuswere extracted in methanol:water (90 : 10) and partitioned with n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol successively using partition chromatography. Total phenolic contents and antioxidant potential were checked using standard protocols. Total phenolic contents of all extracts were determined, using Folin–Ciocalteu reagent, and ranged between 151 ± 2.1 and 396 ± 1.6 for stem bark, 137 ± 0.9 and 430 ± 2.2 for, and 39 ± 0.6 and 231 ± 1.7 for seeds. The antioxidant potential of extracts was evaluated; namely, DPPH, FRAP, and total antioxidant models. The ethyl acetate extract of stem-bark, leaves, and seeds showed the highest activity in DPPH (94.5 ± 2.1%, 96.30 ± 0.9%, and 92.30 ± 1.1%, IC5015.9 ± 0.5 μg, 14.5 ± 0.8, and 102.7 ± 1.3, resp.), FRAP (7.7 ± 0.6, 7.5 ± 0.7 and 6.6 ± 0.7, resp.), and total antioxidant (0.95 ± 0.09, 1.19 ± 0.09, and 0.686 ± 0.08, resp.). Strong correlations were observed between total phenols versus total antioxidant activity, DPPH, and FRAP withR2values ranging from 0.8185 to 0.9951 (stem-bark), 0.6728 to 0.8648 (leaves), and 0.8658 to 0.9910 (seed) which indicated that phenolic contents are the major constituents responsible for antioxidant activity.

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In Vitro Antioxidant Activity and Phenolic Content of Cedrus brevifolia Bark

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1400900412 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 1934578X1400900 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Elena Cretu ◽

Juha-Pekka Salminen ◽

Maarit Karonen ◽

Anca Miron ◽

Christiana Charalambous ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽

In Vitro Assays ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Highly Correlated ◽

Antioxidant Effects

A raw extract and four extractive fractions were obtained from Cedrus brevifolia (Cyprus cedar) bark. They were all studied regarding the phenolic content and profile using spectrophotometry and HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS. The antioxidant activity was investigated using in vitro assays: DPPH and ABTS radicals scavenging and reducing power assays. The ethyl acetate fraction had the highest total phenolic and proanthocyanidin contents; a taxifolin-O-hexoside, catechin, epicatechin and procyanidin oligomers (three dimers, two trimers) were identified in this fraction. The ethyl acetate fraction was found to possess the highest DPPH and ABTS radicals scavenging effects (EC50=13.9 ± 0.3 and 2.3 ± 0.0 μg/mL, respectively) and reducing capacity (EC50=9.1 ±0.1 μg/mL). Antioxidant effects were highly correlated with total phenolic and proanthocyanidin contents (r=0.89-0.99). These results suggest that Cedrus brevifolia bark is a new source of antioxidants.

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Phenolic Contents and Antioxidant Potential ofCrataegusFruits Grown in Tunisia as Determined by DPPH, FRAP, andβ-Carotene/Linoleic Acid Assay

Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2013/378264 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Farouk Mraihi ◽

Mohamed Journi ◽

Jamila Kalthoum Chérif ◽

Munevver Sokmen ◽

Atalay Sokmen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Linoleic Acid ◽

Natural Antioxidants ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Frap Assay ◽

Phenolic Contents ◽

Dpph Method ◽

Total Anthocyanins ◽

Linoleic Acid Assay

Crataegusfruit is one of most important fruits in Tunisian flora. Some fruits of this genus are edible. This study was undertaken in order to examine the benefits of these fruits in human health and their composition of antioxidants including total polyphenol, flavonoids, proanthocyanidins content, and total anthocyanins. The antioxidative properties of the ultrasonic methanolic extract were assessed by different in vitro methods such as the FRAP, DPPH, andβ-carotene/linoleic acid assay. We concluded that peel fraction of red fruits possessed relatively high antioxidant activity and might be a rich source of natural antioxidants in comparison with the pulp and seed fruit extract. The results also showed that hawthorn yellow fruit presents lower amounts of phenolic content, absence of anthocyanins, and less antioxidant capacity. Most of peel and seed fractions were stronger than the pulp fractions in antioxidant activity based on their DPPH IC50, FRAP values, and results ofβ-carotene/linoleic acid. The total phenolic compounds contents were also highly correlated with the DPPH method and the FRAP assay.

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Comparison of the Phenolic Compound Profile and Antioxidant Potential of Achillea atrata L. and Achillea millefolium L.

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26061530 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (6) ◽

pp. 1530

Author(s):

Lysanne Salomon ◽

Peter Lorenz ◽

Marek Bunse ◽

Otmar Spring ◽

Florian C. Stintzing ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Phenolic Compound ◽

Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Phenolic Contents ◽

Plant Parts ◽

Metabolite Profiles ◽

Species Specific ◽

Hydrazyl Radical

In the present study, Achillea atrata L. and A. millefolium L. were compared for the first time with regard to their phenolic compound profile and antioxidant activity by applying the 2,2-diphenyl-picryl hydrazyl radical assay. For this purpose, aerial plant parts were consecutively extracted with solvents of increasing polarity (dichloromethane, n-butanol, ethyl acetate), revealing that the A. atrata ethyl acetate fraction showed the highest antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 12.2 ± 0.29 µg/mL compared to 17.0 ± 0.26 µg/mL for A. millefolium. Both species revealed the presence of luteolin, apigenin, centaureidin, and nevadensin exclusively in this most polar fraction, which are known as effective 2,2-diphenyl-picryl hydrazyl radical scavengers. The antioxidant capacity of the aforementioned fractions strikingly correlated with their total phenolic contents, which was highest in the ethyl acetate fraction of A. atrata. Characterization of the metabolite profiles of both Achillea species showed only marginal differences in the presence of key compounds, whereas the concentrations of individual compounds appeared to be species-specific. Our results suggest that A. atrata, based on its compound pattern and bioactivity characteristics, has similar qualities for phytotherapy as A. millefolium.

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Studies on In Vitro Antioxidant Activity of Methanolic Extract and Fractions of Ficus Hispida Lin. Fruits

Journal of Scientific Research ◽

10.3329/jsr.v8i3.26711 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 371-380 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. S. Hossain ◽

S. Parvin ◽

S. Dutta ◽

M. S. I. Mahbub ◽

M. E. Islam

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

Traditional Use ◽

Total Antioxidant ◽

Ficus Hispida

The present study was designed to confirm the traditional use of the fruits of Ficus hispida Linn. (Moraceae) as an antioxidant agent. Fruits of the plant extracted with methanol and crude methanol extract (CME) were further fractionated with n-hexane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate. All the fractions, n-hexane (NHF), chloroform (CHF), ethyl acetate (EAF), aqueous (AQF) and CME were preliminary screened for in vitro antioxidant activity and total phenolic and total flavonoid content. In DPPH radical scavenging assay, CME exhibited highest scavenging activity (IC50 = 11.20 µg/mL) as compared to other fractions. In this assay, IC50 of reference standard BHT was 5.10 µg/mL. The reducing power of the samples was in the order as AQF > CME > CHF > EAF > NHF. The results for hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity indicated that CME, EAF and AQF had almost the same scavenging activity except NHF. Total antioxidant capacity of CME and other fractions were ranked as CHF > AQF > CME > EAF > NHF. In the assay of antioxidant constituents (total phenol and total flavonoids content), the CME had highest phenolic and flavonoids content. The results indicate that Ficus hispida fruits could be considered as a potential source of natural antioxidant.

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Determination of total phenolic and flavonoid contents of jackfruit peel and in vitro antiradical test

Food Research ◽

10.26656/fr.2017.5(1).350 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 84-90

Author(s):

Yamin ◽

Ruslin ◽

Mistriyani ◽

Sabarudin ◽

S. Ihsan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Colorimetric Method ◽

Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽

Premature Aging ◽

Natural Antioxidant ◽

Aluminium Chloride ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Phenolic And Flavonoid

Free radical is any molecular species that have unpaired free electrons in their outer orbital shell that make radicals highly reactive, resulting in pathogenesis conditions such as cellular injury, premature aging, cancer, hepatic disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular disease, and kidney disease. One source of natural antioxidant is jackfruit. The purpose of this research was to determine the phenolic and flavonoid contents in the extracts and fractions of jackfruit peel and their potential as antioxidants. Jackfruit peel powder was extracted from maceration. The total phenolic content was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method. Meanwhile, flavonoid content was determined using the aluminium chloride complex colorimetric method. Measurements of antioxidant activity were conducted using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). The ethyl acetate fraction had high phenolic and flavonoid contents, which were 49.667±1.508 g GAE/100 g of sample and 70.199±0.374 g of quercertin equivalent/100 g. The ethyl acetate fraction had the strongest antioxidant activity with IC50 value of 4.539±0.201 µg/ mL and correlation value (R2 ) of 0.5881 for phenols and R2 of 0.7241 for flavonoids. Ethyl acetate fraction of jackfruit peel is very potential to be developed as a natural antioxidant and functional food.

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CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS, IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY, ORAL ACUTE TOXICITY AND LD50 DETERMINATION OF MORINGA OLEIFERA LEAVES

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.22159/ijpps.2017v9i5.17834 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 240

Author(s):

Manal Mortady Hamed ◽

Aboelfetoh Mohamed Abdalla ◽

Mosad Ahmed Ghareeb ◽

Said Abdelhalim Saleh

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Acute Toxicity ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Dry Extract ◽

Phenolic Contents ◽

Moringa Oleifera Leaves ◽

Oral Acute Toxicity

Objective: The objective of this study was undertaken to estimate the total phenolic contents (TPCs), in vitro antioxidant of different solvent extracts of M. oleifera leaves, oral acute toxicity and LD50 determination of the 85% methanolic extract as well as the chromatographic isolation and identification of the extract constituents.Methods: The antioxidant activity of different solvent extracts of Moringa oleifera leaves were estimated using three antioxidant assays and the total phenolic contents (TPCs) were also evaluated using Folin-Ciocalteu’s assay. The n-BuOH extract undergoes further chromatographic isolation owing to the high antioxidant activity using 2, 2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) method, which resulted in the isolation of seven compounds.Results: The results showed that the TPCs values of the tested extracts were varied from 309.52 to 43.28 mg gallic acid equivalent/g dry extract. The reducing power antioxidant activities (RPAA) were 0.434, 0.402, 0.395, 0.149, 0.143 and 0.124, while the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) values were 316.43, 203.35, 181.56, 86.70, 76.62 and 50.83 mg ascorbic acid equivalent/g dry extract; for n-BuOH, EtOAc, 85% MeOH, H2O, CH2Cl2, and pet. ether extracts, respectively. The oral acute toxicity study of the 85% methanol extracts of M. oleifera and M. peregrina revealed that; their LD50 values were 3458.3 and 4125 mg/kg respectively, thus the two plants could be classified as slightly toxic in the scale of Hodge and Sterner which reflected their nutrient values as edible plants. The isolated compounds were identified on the basis of their 1H and 13C-NMR spectra as; cis-p-coumaric acid 4-O-(2'-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), chlorogenic acid (2), niazirin (3), 3,4-dihydroxy-β-phenylethoxy-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(l→2)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→3)-4-O-caffeoyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (4), gallic acid (5), taxifolin (6), and benzyl-carbamo-thioethionate (7).Conclusion: The M. oleifera leaves showed promising antioxidant activities and slightly toxic behavior.

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High in vitro Antioxidant Capacities of Algerian Cleome arabica Leaves’ Extracts

Phytothérapie ◽

10.3166/phyto-2019-0179 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

F. Seglab ◽

C. Hamia ◽

I. Khacheba ◽

A. Djeridane ◽

M. Yousfi

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Condensed Tannin ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Antioxidant Capacities ◽

Ic50 Values ◽

Cleome Arabica

The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant capacities of Cleome arabica leaves’ extract collected on two seasons in the town of Laghouat steppe region of Algeria. Five common tests for measuring antioxidant capacities were used to compare with three standard antioxidants: measurement of free radical scavenging activity with 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH·) and 2,2ʹ- azinobis(3-ethylbenzo-thiazo-line-6-sulfonate) (ABTS·+) radical cation, measurement of total antioxidant capacities with phosphomolybdenum, ferric reducing, and cupric reducing methods. The amount of the phenolic compounds was carried out by the quantification of total phenolic, total flavonoid, and condensed tannin contents in three organic solvents with varying polarities. The results show that the ethyl acetate is the best extractor solvent of flavonoids, while petroleum ether has the ability to extract more of terpenes. The values of quantification ranged from 0.341 to 0.751 mg of gallic acid equivalent/g of dry matter, from 0.172 to 0.682 mg of quercetin equivalent/g of dry matter and from 0.172 to 0.332 mg of catechin equivalent/g of dry matter for the total phenolic, flavonoids, and the condensed tannins, respectively. All the extract shows strong antioxidant activity, whose best are found in the ABTS and DPPH assay with IC50 values of 0.01 and 0.017 mg/ml, respectively, in a different season. These results suggest that the level of antioxidant activity in this plant varies to a great extent. They also suggest that phenolics in this plant provide substantial antioxidant activity. Upon achievement of this survey, an extra benefit of this medicinal plant may be found.

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