scholarly journals An Analysis of Background Factors Influencing Selection of Residency Facility for Dental Students in Universities Located in Rural Areas in Japan

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-167
Author(s):  
Kono H ◽  
Sasahara H ◽  
Furukawa S ◽  
Taguchi N
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Quota System ◽  
National Board ◽  
Background Factors ◽  
School Year ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Dental Schools ◽  
Selection Of

Background:In Japan, since 2006, participation in a 1-year residency programme by all dentists who have passed the National Board Dental Examination has been mandatory. Therefore, a ‘matching system’ has become necessary for dental students in their final year to decide their desired residency facility, but the rate of matching in dental schools located in rural areas is still low.Aim :The principal aim of this study was to elucidate the background factors influencing the selection of residency facilities by dental students in rural areas to facilitate the training of dentists working in local communities.Methods :Using the matching results from 554 final-year students of Kagoshima University Faculty of Dentistry from 2005 to 2013, multiple logistic regression analysis was performed on the background factors of the subjects.Results :Concerning the selection of the residency facility, it was verified that there were strong background factors for subjects to select residency facilities in their hometown, but compared with subjects from other regions, those from Kinki and Kanto regions did not select residency facilities in their hometown. Compared with males, a significantly higher number of females selected residency facilities in their hometown. A significantly higher number of subjects who repeated a school year selected the residency facility of their alma mater.Conclusion :In dental schools of national universities located in provinces, the establishment of a quota system for students from the region, where possible, is one of the most effective steps for securing future dental trainees.

Factors influencing vegetable cooperatives’ selection of marketing channels in Beijing

2019 ◽  
Vol 121 (7) ◽  
pp. 1655-1668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenchi Zhang ◽  
Jieqiong Wang ◽  
Biao Zhang ◽  
Junqi Ding ◽  
Zetian Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Marketing Channels ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Time And Energy ◽  
Selection Of

Purpose The selection of marketing channels by vegetable producers directly affects the income of producers and is important for the maintenance of a stable supply of vegetables and food control. The purpose of this paper is threefold: to investigate the cooperative selection of vegetable marketing channels; to identify the factors that influence the selection of marketing channels by professional vegetable cooperatives by comparing emerging and traditional circulation modes; and to solve the problems related to vegetable circulation channels in Beijing. Design/methodology/approach A total of 187 valid questionnaires were collected from seven main vegetable production districts in Beijing urban areas from September to December 2017, with a response rate of 89 percent. Binary logistic regression was used for analysis in this study. Findings Results revealed that the cooperatives mainly selected large wholesalers, wholesale markets, supermarkets and electronic commerce as their marketing channels for their vegetables. Estimation results showed that among the 18 influencing factors in the four categories, the educational level of the person in charge and some other factors significantly influence the selection of these four distribution channels by the cooperatives. Research limitations/implications Due to the lack of time and energy, this paper does not analyze the factors influencing a cooperative’s choice of different e-commerce platforms. If this problem can be solved, it will definitely promote the development of e-commerce in rural areas. Originality/value The results obtained in the present study and their implications could help policy makers establish a science-based and reasonable policy to encourage vegetable producers to participate in the new circulation modes of vegetables in Beijing and ensure their income in the vegetable supply chain. This study suggests methods to improve the vegetable sector in other cities facing similar issues.

scholarly journals Willingness and Perception of Dental Interns towards Working in Rural Areas in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia- A Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjeev Balappa Khanagar ◽  
Khaled Mubarak Alfaran ◽  
Yaser Basher Alenazi ◽  
Abdulrahman Majed Aloqayli ◽  
Abdulmalik Hesham Alsahhaf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Population Ratio

Introduction: The shortage of dental workforces in rural areas is a major concern in Saudi Arabia, which affects the delivery of oral health care services. Although there is an improvement in the dentist to population ratio, there still a wide disparity in dentist to population ratio in rural and urban areas. Aim: To assess the perception of dental interns to work in rural areas in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia and to know their willingness to serve rural population and factors associated with their decision. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 400 dental interns from 6 dental colleges located in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia over a period of October to December 2019. Data was collected using a self-administered structured close ended questionnaire. Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression analysis were applied to measure the association of age, gender and marital status on their responses. A p-value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: Out of 400 participants, 58% were willing to work in rural areas. Close proximity to hometown, in need for a job, rural placement program, fees and loan forgiveness and having rural background were the most favouring factors for working in rural area, whereas unfavourable working condition, lack of transportation facilities, poor accommodation, less scope for professional development and lack of necessary infrastructure were the main factors for reluctance. The male participants, Saudi nationals, rural residents, and the one whose fathers are less educated, were more likely to work in rural areas. Conclusion: Based on the findings of the study a comprehensive human resource strategy be designed by health or medical educators in order to encourage dental students to take up jobs in rural areas.

Evaluation of common predictors for selection of postdoctoral dental students

1983 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
SL Handelman ◽  
B Iranpour ◽  
PM Brunette ◽  
E Solomon
Keyword(s):  
Dental Students ◽  
Selection Of

An Analysis of Restraints on Effective Demand for Loans in Rural China

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Wenjie Ma ◽  
Minxin He ◽  
Xinyu Zhong ◽  
Shengsong Huang
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Effective Demand ◽  
Second Child ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
First Choice

China’s overall economic growth is, to a great extent, hindered by the lack of economic growth in rural areas. Based on data from the Thousand-Village Survey (2015) of 31 provinces conducted by Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, we conduct this empirical study to analyze the current state of rural financial services and the factors influencing effective demand for loans in rural China. Looking at the demand side, in 2014, only 13.91% farmers had loans, and only 15.53% of them made financial institutions their first choice when they needed loans. Clearly, there is still much to do with regard to inclusive finance. From the perspective of the supply side, only 43.86% of dispersed loans can be categorized as productive loans, further reflecting that the financial services industry does not provide strong support for rural economic growth. Further study shows that the main factors influencing effective demand for productive loans are the population age structure and the rate at which migrant workers return home. Therefore, the "Second-Child" policy and policies that encourage migrant workers to go back home to start businesses are of vital importance in order to raise effective financial demand in rural China.

FACTORS INFLUENCING ENTREPRENEURIAL SUCCESS AMONG THE RURAL WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS IN BANGLADESH

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalowar Hossan
Keyword(s):  
Government Policy ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Women Entrepreneurs ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Entrepreneurial Success ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Proper Training ◽  
Convenience Sampling ◽  
The Government

The aim of this study is to investigate the factors influencing the entrepreneurial success of rural women entrepreneurs in Bangladesh. Non-probability sampling specifically convenience sampling is used to draw the sample and data is collected using the self-administered survey. Regression analysis and descriptive statistics are used to analyze the data. The study discloses that motivational factors, government policy and financial support have significant influence on the rural women entrepreneurial success in Bangladesh. Due to lack of suitable training and proper development as well as ICT knowledge, the rural women of Bangladesh could not accomplish the achievement. Half of the total populations of Bangladesh are female and most of them live in rural areas. Therefore, the government and the policymakers in Bangladesh should develop the potential of rural women entrepreneurs by providing development facilities, proper training, and ICT knowledge.

scholarly journals Factors Influencing Land Values in the Presence of Suburban Sprawl

1974 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce E. Lindsay ◽  
Cleve E. Willis
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
The United States ◽  
Land Values ◽  
Suburban Sprawl ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Definition Of

The spread of suburbs into previously rural areas has become commonplace in the United States. A rather striking aspect of this phenomenon has been the discontinuity which results. This aspect is often manifest in a haphazard mixture of unused and densely settled areas which has been described as “sprawl”. A more useful definition of suburban sprawl, its causes, and its consequences, is provided below in order to introduce the econometric objectives of this paper.

Knowledge and Attitude towards Basic Life Support (BLS) among Dental students of Dental colleges in South India

2021 ◽  
pp. 2957-2961
Author(s):  
Vignesh Kamath ◽  
Swapna B V ◽  
Smitha Sammith Shetty ◽  
Priya Mukherjee ◽  
Anoop Mayya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basic Life Support ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Inadequate Knowledge ◽  
Dental Curriculum ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Dental Schools ◽  
Better Than

Aim: To assess the knowledge and attitude of students of dental schools in Southern India towards Basic Life Support (BLS), as well as to study the retention of BLS knowledge over time. Subjects and methods: A prevalidated questionnaire was employed, which contains 12 knowledge Questions and five questions designed to assess the students perspective towards BLS. It was hosted on Google Forms, and the URL was distributed to the Students. Results: A total of 267 responses were received, of which 66 were males and 201 were female students. Out of a maximum possible score of 12, the mean knowledge score of the group was 4.54. It was found that those who attended a BLS workshop within the last 2 years scored significantly better than those who either took it more than 2 years ago or had never undergone BLS training. Almost all participants (96%) agreed that there is a need for BLS to be learned by all dental students and hence BLS training should be part of the dental curriculum. 76.8% of respondents expressed reluctance to perform CPR on strangers. Conclusion: The findings show that the dental students who participated in the study had inadequate knowledge in BLS, but had a positive attitude towards the adoption of BLS into the dental curriculum.

scholarly journals Reconsidering the ‘Decline’ of Dental Student Empathy within the Course in Latin America

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Víctor Patricio Díaz-Narváez ◽  
Ana María Erazo Coronado ◽  
Jorge Luis Bilbao ◽  
Farith González ◽  
Mariela Padilla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Dental Student ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Physician Empathy ◽  
Dental Schools ◽  
Academic Year ◽  
Made In

Introduction: The controversy over the presence of empathic decline within the course in students of medicine, dentistry and health sciences in general, has not fully been studied. This controversy could be partially solved if massive studies of empathy levels are made in similar cultural, social and economic contexts.Material and Methods: Empathy levels within the course were studied in eighteen dental schools from six countries in Latin America (2013). The mean of the empathy levels were used to study the behavior between first and fifth academic years. The values of empathy levels within the course were observed by applying the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy, the Spanish version. All these studies were cross-sectional. The value of means observed, were subjected to regression studies and further adjustment curves were obtained and the coefficient of determination were calculated.Results: Six different models of behavior were observed, which found that five of them suffer empathic decline within the course, but with different final results: in some the decline persists until the fifth academic year and in others, this decline ‘recovers’ persistently until the fifth academic year. The sixth model is characterized by a constant and persistent increase of levels of empathy within the course until the last academic year.Discussion: There are six different models for the behavior of means of levels of empathy within the course evaluated by a common methodology in eighteen dental schools from six countries of Latin America. These findings support the existence of variability of empathic response and a comprehensive approach is needed to find the causes that give rise to this variability.Conclusion: In dental students of Latin America, there is variability in the behavior of the distribution in means between the academic years of the dentistry schools examined in this study.

Sustainability of Microbusinesses and Success of Microfinance

Paradigm ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-105
Author(s):  
Aradhana Chouksey ◽  
Yamini Karmarkar
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Funding Agencies ◽  
Fixed Capital Investment ◽  
Training Need ◽  
Funding Resource ◽  
Selection Of

Emergence of microfinance facilities has raised self-employment opportunities for the disadvantaged group. There are many small and micro entrepreneurs who have started their business with funding support from microfinance agencies. Though this increased funding resource has increased the number of businesses that are started by entrepreneurs in rural areas, another important fact is that all these new businesses are not necessarily successful. In Malwa region of Madhya Pradesh (MP), only 20 per cent of businesses funded by microfinance agencies are profitable. There are multiple reasons behind this lack of success of microenterprises. There are paucity of information in selection of right opportunity, absence of technical assistance, lack of business knowledge and marketing and finance skills, which are few of them. This is an alarming sign for funding agencies as higher failure rate of microenterprises bound to jeopardize, the sustainability of the microfinance in long term and retard the development of region. This research conducted on microenterprises of Malwa region of MP tries to identify the specific training needs of microfinance clients. Further, this research tries to evaluate empirically what are the potential and sustainable microbusiness opportunities, which can be started and run by people of disadvantage groups. Empirical findings through a survey designed on a sample of 54 microenterprises of eight villages of Malwa region show that any microbusiness having higher ratio of working capital to fixed capital investment are successful in Malwa region. Also, it is found that the most important training need of these enterprises is in the field of ‘managing finance’ for small business.

Safety Evaluation of Destination Lighting Treatment at Stop Controlled Cross-Intersections

2018 ◽  
Vol 2672 (16) ◽  
pp. 113-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amrita Goswamy ◽  
Shauna Hallmark ◽  
Theresa Litteral ◽  
Michael Pawlovich
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression ◽  
State Agencies ◽  
Crash Frequency ◽  
Binomial Regression ◽  
Manual Selection ◽  
Roadway Lighting ◽  
Selection Of

Intersection crashes during nighttime hours may occur because of poor driver visual cognition of conflicting traffic or intersection presence. In rural areas, the only source of lighting is typically provided by vehicle headlights. Roadway lighting enhances driver recognition of intersection presence and visibility of signs and markings. Destination lighting provides some illumination for the intersection but is not intended to fully illuminate all approaches. Destination lighting has been widely used in Iowa but the effectiveness has not been well documented. This study, therefore, sought to evaluate the effect on safety of destination lighting at rural intersections. As part of an extensive data collection effort, locations with destination/street lighting were gathered with the assistance of several state agencies. After manual selection of a similar number of control intersections, propensity score matching using the caliper width technique was used to match 245 treatments with 245 control sites. Negative binomial regression was used to evaluate crash frequency data. The presence of destination lighting at stop-controlled cross-intersections generally reduced the night-to-day crash ratio by 19%. The presence of treatment or destination lighting was associated with a 33%–39% increase in daytime crashes across all models but was associated with an 18%–33% reduction in nighttime crashes. Injuries in nighttime crashes decreased by 24% and total nighttime crashes reduced by 33%. Property damage crashes were reduced by 18%.

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