Virtue of Nanotechnology in Confronting Obesity: Recent Advances

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jashanpreet Singh Sandhu ◽  
Rina Das ◽  
Dinesh Kumar Mehta ◽  
Meenakshi Dhanawat
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Western World ◽  
Nano Technology ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Delivery Strategies ◽  
Treatment Of Obesity ◽  
Health Complications

Background: Obesity has been a serious health issue over the last decades both in the affluent western world and developing countries. Obesity is linked with major health complications such as diabetes, cardiac disorder, cancer, hypertension, sleep apnoea, etc. Available treatments such as bariatric surgery and pharmacotherapy are often accompanied by adverse side effects and poor patient compliance. Nanotechnology is a discipline that is concerned with material characteristics at nanoscale, and offers novel techniques for disease detection, management, and prevention. Objectives: Recent progress in the field of obesity research at its interface with nanotechnology is our focus. Nanomedicine has greatly enhanced the health status of the people suffering from obesity as it provides non-obtrusive techniques for the management and treatment of obesity. Methods: Literature survey was performed using PubMed, Science Direct, and Web of Science search engines with- terms nanotechnology, nanomedicine and obesity. The research was focused primarily on articles published between the years 2000 and 2019. Results: We have described original and innovative approaches in developments of nano-technology based drug delivery strategies. Nanotechnology has been widely proposed to combine herbal medicine for the treatment of obesity, because nano-structured systems might be able to potentiate the action of plant extracts, reducing the required dose and side effects, and improving activity. This will offer a wide era of treatment options which will directly improve the patient’s compliance. Conclusion: This review surveys recent developments of nanotechnology‐based drug delivery strategies are highlighted, and discussed for obesity treatment with an emphasis on the enhanced therapeutic efficiency and minimized side effects. The insights for future development related to the management of obesity are also discussed.

Development of Drug Targeting and Delivery in Cervical Cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 792-806 ◽  
Author(s):  
Urvashi Aggarwal ◽  
Amit Kumar Goyal ◽  
Goutam Rath
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Drug Targeting ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Local Drug Delivery ◽  
Delivery Strategies

Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in women. Standard treatment options available for cervical cancer include chemotherapy, surgery and radiation therapy associated with their own side effects and toxicities. Tumor-targeted delivery of anticancer drugs is perhaps one of the most appropriate strategies to achieve optimal outcomes from the treatment and improve the quality of life. Recently nanocarriers based drug delivery systems owing to their unique properties have been extensively investigated for anticancer drug delivery. In addition to that addressing the anatomical significance of cervical cancer, various local drug delivery strategies for the cancer treatment are introduced like: gels, nanoparticles, polymeric films, rods and wafers, lipid based nanocarrier. Localized drug delivery systems allow passive drug targeting results in high drug concentration at the target site. Further they can be tailor made to achieve both sustained and controlled release behavior, substantially improving therapeutic outcomes and minimizing side effects. This review summarizes the meaningful advances in drug delivery strategies to treat cervical cancer.

scholarly journals Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems and Their Use in Obesity Treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (23) ◽  
pp. 12754
Author(s):  
Zhiguo Li ◽  
Xuexun Fang ◽  
Dahai Yu
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Transdermal Drug Delivery ◽  
Rejection Rate ◽  
Obesity Treatment ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Delivery Strategies ◽  
Treatment Of Obesity ◽  
Obesity Drugs

Transdermal drug delivery (TDD) has recently emerged as an effective alternative to oral and injection administration because of its less invasiveness, low rejection rate, and excellent ease of administration. TDD has made an important contribution to medical practice such as diabetes, hemorrhoids, arthritis, migraine, and schizophrenia treatment, but has yet to fully achieve its potential in the treatment of obesity. Obesity has reached epidemic proportions globally and posed a significant threat to human health. Various approaches, including oral and injection administration have widely been used in clinical setting for obesity treatment. However, these traditional options remain ineffective and inconvenient, and carry risks of adverse effects. Therefore, alternative and advanced drug delivery strategies with higher efficacy and less toxicity such as TDD are urgently required for obesity treatment. This review summarizes current TDD technology, and the main anti-obesity drug delivery system. This review also provides insights into various anti-obesity drugs under study with a focus on the recent developments of TDD system for enhanced anti-obesity drug delivery. Although most of presented studies stay in animal stage, the application of TDD in anti-obesity drugs would have a significant impact on bringing safe and effective therapies to obese patients in the future.

Biocompatible Polymers and their Potential Biomedical Applications: A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (34) ◽  
pp. 3608-3619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uzma Arif ◽  
Sajjad Haider ◽  
Adnan Haider ◽  
Naeem Khan ◽  
Abdulaziz A. Alghyamah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Living System ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biocompatible Polymers ◽  
Nano Technology ◽  
Artificial Grafts ◽  
Immunological Reactions

Background: Biocompatible polymers are gaining great interest in the field of biomedical applications. The term biocompatibility refers to the suitability of a polymer to body and body fluids exposure. Biocompatible polymers are both synthetic (man-made) and natural and aid in the close vicinity of a living system or work in intimacy with living cells. These are used to gauge, treat, boost, or substitute any tissue, organ or function of the body. A biocompatible polymer improves body functions without altering its normal functioning and triggering allergies or other side effects. It encompasses advances in tissue culture, tissue scaffolds, implantation, artificial grafts, wound fabrication, controlled drug delivery, bone filler material, etc. Objectives: This review provides an insight into the remarkable contribution made by some well-known biopolymers such as polylactic-co-glycolic acid, poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), polyLactic Acid, poly(3- hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV), Chitosan and Cellulose in the therapeutic measure for many biomedical applications. Methods: : Various techniques and methods have made biopolymers more significant in the biomedical fields such as augmentation (replaced petroleum based polymers), film processing, injection modeling, blow molding techniques, controlled / implantable drug delivery devices, biological grafting, nano technology, tissue engineering etc. Results: The fore mentioned techniques and other advanced techniques have resulted in improved biocompatibility, nontoxicity, renewability, mild processing conditions, health condition, reduced immunological reactions and minimized side effects that would occur if synthetic polymers are used in a host cell. Conclusion: Biopolymers have brought effective and attainable targets in pharmaceutics and therapeutics. There are huge numbers of biopolymers reported in the literature that has been used effectively and extensively.

Recent Developments and Novel Drug Delivery Strategies for the Treatment of Tuberculosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 4524-4530
Author(s):  
Yonas Brhane ◽  
Tesfaye Gabriel ◽  
Tigist Adane ◽  
Yemisrach Negash ◽  
Henok Mulugeta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Complex ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Tuberculosis Complex ◽  
Innovative Drug ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Delivery Strategies ◽  
Drug Resistant Strains ◽  
Novel Drug

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infectious illness caused by species having a place with the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. The clinical management of tuberculosis still remains a difficult task. Treatment of TB with anti-tubercular drugs becomes the only option available. Hence, the goals of treatment are ensure cure without relapse, prevent death, impede transmission, and prevent emergence of drug resistant strains. This review describes the latest developments and innovative drug delivery strategies for treatment of TB in order to improve the therapeutic efficacy and reduce toxic effect of anti-tubercular agents and enhance patient compliance with concomitant decrease in drug interaction. Among different novel drug delivery systems Niosomes, Liposomes, Dendrimers, Cyclodextrins, Microencapsulation, Alginates and Hydrogels have been described as new drug delivery strategies of anti-tubercular agents. 

scholarly journals Cannabinoid Delivery Systems for Pain and Inflammation Treatment

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 2478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natascia Bruni ◽  
Carlo Della Pepa ◽  
Simonetta Oliaro-Bosso ◽  
Enrica Pessione ◽  
Daniela Gastaldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Prescription Drugs ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trials ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Delivery Strategies ◽  
Clinical Conditions ◽  
Transdermal Route

There is a growing body of evidence to suggest that cannabinoids are beneficial for a range of clinical conditions, including pain, inflammation, epilepsy, sleep disorders, the symptoms of multiple sclerosis, anorexia, schizophrenia and other conditions. The transformation of cannabinoids from herbal preparations into highly regulated prescription drugs is therefore progressing rapidly. The development of such drugs requires well-controlled clinical trials to be carried out in order to objectively establish therapeutic efficacy, dose ranges and safety. The low oral bioavailability of cannabinoids has led to feasible methods of administration, such as the transdermal route, intranasal administration and transmucosal adsorption, being proposed. The highly lipophilic nature of cannabinoids means that they are seen as suitable candidates for advanced nanosized drug delivery systems, which can be applied via a range of routes. Nanotechnology-based drug delivery strategies have flourished in several therapeutic fields in recent years and numerous drugs have reached the market. This review explores the most recent developments, from preclinical to advanced clinical trials, in the cannabinoid delivery field, and focuses particularly on pain and inflammation treatment. Likely future directions are also considered and reported.

Ellipticine, its Derivatives: Re-evaluation of Clinical Suitability with the Aid of Drug Delivery Systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vipin Mohan Dan ◽  
Thania Sara Varghese ◽  
Gayathri Viswanathan ◽  
Sabulal Baby
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Therapeutic Drugs ◽  
Recent Developments

Targeted drug delivery systems gave newer dimensions for safer and more effective use of therapeutic drugs, thus helping in circumventing the issues of toxicity and unintended drug accumulation. These ongoing developments in delivery systems can, in turn, bring back drugs that suffered various limitations, Ellipticine (EPT) being a candidate. EPT derivatives witnessed entry into clinical settings but failed to survive in clinics citing various toxic side effects. A large body of preclinical data deliberates the potency of drug delivery systems in increasing the efficiency of EPT/derivatives while decreasing their toxic side effects. Recent developments in drug delivery systems provide a platform to explore EPT and its derivatives as good clinical candidates in treating tumors. The present review deals with delivery mechanisms of EPT/EPT derivatives as antitumor drugs, in vitro and in vivo, and evaluates the suitability of EPT-carriers in clinical settings.

scholarly journals Novel Drug Delivery Strategies for the Treatment of Onychomycosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rupinder K. Dhamoon ◽  
Harvinder Popli ◽  
Madhu Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Topical Therapy ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Polymeric Films ◽  
Prolonged Treatment ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Delivery Strategies ◽  
Novel Drug ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Made In

Onychomycosis accounts for 50% of all nail disease cases and is commonly caused by dermatophytes. It was primarily considered a cosmetic problem but has been garnering attention lately due to its persistent nature and difficult treatment with relapses. With prolonged treatment duration and high cost involved in treating onychomycosis, several attempts have been made in overcoming the rigid nail barrier. The conventional treatment of onychomycosis involves oral and topical therapy. The oral antifungal agents though quite effective, are hepato-toxic and cause drug-drug interactions. Topical therapy is more patient compliant being devoid of such adverse effects but it suffers from another setback of improper nail penetration. Amorolfine and ciclopirox nail lacquers are popular market products. Since decades, efforts have been made to enhance topical delivery for efficiently treating onychomycosis. Mechanical, physical and chemical methods have been employed. Despite all the attempts made, the nail delivery issues are far from being solved. Recently, the focus has shifted to novel drug delivery systems like nanoparticles, microemulsions, polymeric films and nail lacquers for enhanced drug permeation and localized therapy. The research around the world is exploring their potential as effective treatment options. This review intends to further explore the novel delivery strategies to treat a persistent fungal infection like onychomycosis.

scholarly journals Bioinformatics inspiring peptides from toxins as a new alternative in obesity treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (14) ◽  
pp. e432101422057
Author(s):  
Ana Paula de Aráujo Boleti ◽  
Thiago Antonio Almeida Rodrigues ◽  
Maria Eduarda Freitas Biembengute ◽  
Lincoln Takashi Hota Mukoyama ◽  
Ludovico Migliolo
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
The Body ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Nutritional Disorder ◽  
Treatment Of Obesity

Obesity is a nutritional disorder caused by the excessive accumulation of white adipose tissue (WAT) in the body, which is characterized by a high body mass index and interferes with the body's energy balance. Obesity is a major risk factor for a number of different diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, fatty liver disease and some malignant tumors. The treatment of obesity primarily focuses on diet and physical exercise; when lifestyle changes fail, drugs and surgery will be considered as treatment options. At present, a number of so‑called anti‑obesity drugs have been developed, which affect digestion and absorption. These drugs can produce significant weight loss in the individual; however, some patients are unwilling to receive this type of treatment, due to side effects such as insomnia, hypertension and dizziness. This perspective shows that rational design is an alternative methodology based on native bioactive molecules for the development of analogous compounds, improved from the point of view of efficiency and side effects. We also show that the modification of peptides from animal toxins can be an interesting alternative in the treatment of obesity, since peptides from toxins have already shown significant anti-inflammatory effects.

Recent developments in drug delivery strategies for targeting DNA damage response in glioblastoma

Life Sciences ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 120128
Author(s):  
A.M. Morás ◽  
J.G. Henn ◽  
L. Steffens Reinhardt ◽  
G. Lenz ◽  
D.J. Moura
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Dna Damage Response ◽  
Damage Response ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Delivery Strategies

scholarly journals Liposomal Tumor Targeting in Drug Delivery Utilizing MMP-2- and MMP-9-Binding Ligands

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oula Penate Medina ◽  
Merja Haikola ◽  
Marja Tahtinen ◽  
Ilkka Simpura ◽  
Sami Kaukinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Phage Display ◽  
Targeted Drug Delivery ◽  
Tumor Targeting ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Delivery Vehicle ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
Binding Peptides ◽  
Delivery Strategies ◽  
Targeted Drug

Nanotechnology offers an alternative to conventional treatment options by enabling different drug delivery and controlled-release delivery strategies. Liposomes being especially biodegradable and in most cases essentially nontoxic offer a versatile platform for several different delivery approaches that can potentially enhance the delivery and targeting of therapies to tumors. Liposomes penetrate tumors spontaneously as a result of fenestrated blood vessels within tumors, leading to known enhanced permeability and subsequent drug retention effects. In addition, liposomes can be used to carry radioactive moieties, such as radiotracers, which can be bound at multiple locations within liposomes, making them attractive carriers for molecular imaging applications. Phage display is a technique that can deliver various high-affinity and selectivity peptides to different targets. In this study, gelatinase-binding peptides, found by phage display, were attached to liposomes by covalent peptide-PEG-PE anchor creating a targeted drug delivery vehicle. Gelatinases as extracellular targets for tumor targeting offer a viable alternative for tumor targeting. Our findings show that targeted drug delivery is more efficient than non-targeted drug delivery.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document