scholarly journals Hepatoprotective efficacy of ethanolic extracts of rhizome Curcuma amada Roxb. In experimental rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1966 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramnath V. ◽  
Maria Caroline Rebellow M. ◽  
Seethalakshmi S.
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Vehicle Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Supporting Evidence ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Curcuma Amada ◽  
Group I ◽  
Appreciable Increase

Thescope of this study is to evaluate the hepatoprotective efficacy of rhizome Curcuma Amada Roxb (CAR) in CCl4 induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Male Albino Wister rats were divided into six groups (n=6). Group I served as the normal control group and received olive oil (i.p. 0.5 mL/kg b.w.) as a vehicle. Group II served as high dose group and received 400mg/kg b.w CAR. Group III served as the carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) group and received CCl4 (i.p., 0.1 mL/kg b.w., 50% CCl4 in olive oil). Groups IV–VI served as the treatment groups, and they received CARdissolved in distilled water orally at dose levels of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg b.w., respectively, with CCl4 (i.p., 0.1 mL/kg b.w., 50% CCl4 in olive oil). All the groups were given the respective dosages twice a week for 28 days. The result of the marker enzymes AST, ALT, ALP and TBARS in the serum sample revealed an appreciable increase in groups IV, V and VI with respect to CCl4 treated group. This confirmed the hepatoprotective nature of CAR there by deactivating the phase II detoxifying enzymes, preventing the formation of free radical and protecting the cell membrane from degeneration. The nonenzymatic antioxidants pattern of GSH, GPX and GST showed decreased levels with respect to group III. This confirmed that CAR has induced the GSH antioxidant system by increasing cellular defense against reactive free radicals and other oxidative species. The histological architecture of liver sections in Group-IV–VI showed more or less normal lobular pattern with mild degrees of fatty change, necrosis and lymphocyte infiltration almost comparable to those of control group. These results act as a supporting evidence to exhibit the hepatoprotective nature of CAR.

scholarly journals Ameliorative Effects of Fenugreek Seeds and Curcumin on Hematotoxicity induced by Nicotine in Male Albino Rats

2022 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-08
Author(s):  
Azab Elsayed Azab ◽  
Mohamed Omar Albasha ◽  
Manal Abuelkasem Elnaif
Keyword(s):  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Group V ◽  
Fenugreek Seeds ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I

The present study aimed to investigate the ameliorative effects of fenugreek seeds and curcumin on hematotoxicity induced by nicotine in male albino rats. 30 male F-344/NHsd Fischer rats, weighing from 180 to 200g were used in the present study. The animals were divided into five groups (6 rats for each); Group I (control group), Group II (nicotine treated group), Group III (nicotine/fenugreek seeds co-administered), Group IV (nicotine/curcumin co-administered), and Group V (nicotine/curcumin& fenugreek seeds co-administered). At the end of the experimentation and 24 hours after the last dose, all animals were anaesthetized with ether and blood samples were collected by heart puncture. The samples were collected in clean dry tubes containing the anticoagulant substance EDTA and used for the hematological studies. The results showed that the animals treated with nicotine for 4 weeks showed a significant decrease in RBCs count, hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit value, MCH, MCHC, and platelets count, and increased MCV and WBCs count as compared to the control group. Co-administration of nicotine with fenugreek and/or curcumin caused improvement in all hematological parameters when compared with nicotine group. It can be concluded that nicotine had a strong effect on the hematological parameters. The ingestion of fenugreek and/or curcumin prevent the hematoxicity induced by nicotine. The current study suggests that fenugreek and curcumin may be useful in combating free radical-induced hematotoxicity induced by nicotine.

scholarly journals Effect of Methanolic Leaf Extract ofOcimum basilicumL. on Benzene-Induced Hematotoxicity in Mice

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Saha ◽  
M. K. Mukhopadhyay ◽  
P. D. Ghosh ◽  
D. Nath
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Cell Cycle Deregulation

The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective role of methanolic leaf extract ofOcimum basilicumL. against benzene-induced hematotoxicity in Swiss albino mice. GC analysis and subacute toxicity level of the extract were tested. Mice were randomly divided into three groups among which II and III were exposed to benzene vapour at a dose 300 ppm × 6 hr/day × 5 days/week for 2 weeks and group I was control. Group III of this experiment was treated with the leaf methanolic extract at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight, a dose in nontoxic range. Hematological parameters (Hb%, RBC and WBC counts), cell cycle regulatory proteins expression and DNA fragmentation analysis of bone marrow cells was performed. There was an upregulation of p53 and p21 and downregulation of levels of CDK2, CDK4, CDK6, and cyclins D1 and E in leaf extract-treated group. DNA was less fragmented in group III compared to group II (P<0.05). The present study indicates that the secondary metabolites ofO. basilicumL. methanolic leaf extract, comprising essential oil monoterpene geraniol and its oxidized form citral as major constituents, have modulatory effect in cell cycle deregulation and hematological abnormalities induced by benzene in mice.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF BACOSIDE A ON LIPID PEROXIDATION IN D-GALACTOSE INDUCED AGING MICE

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Sushama Pawar ◽  
Manmohini Jadhav
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Natural Aging ◽  
Antioxidant Property ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
The Body ◽  
Antioxidant Defenses ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bacoside A ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I

Objective: Bacoside A is a major bioactive constituent of Bacopa monnieri L having antioxidant property. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of Bacoside A, on lipid peroxidation in brain, heart and liver during induced aging.Methods: Male Swiss albino mice, Mus musculus was used for the present investigation. Four experimental groups were used as Group I-Normal adult, Group II-D-galactose induced, Group III-D-galactose induced plus Bacoside A treated and Group IV-Natural aging. The effect of Bacoside A was studied against lipid peroxidation during induced aging. The level of lipid peroxidation in the form of MDA formation was determined and measured in brain, heart and liver.Results: The statistical data obtained were analyzed using one way ANOVA, control vs other groups and results were expressed as mean±SE. In Bacoside A treated group the lipid peroxidation level in heart, brain and liver was significantly decreased (p<0.001) compared to control group. A significant increase (p<0.0001) in the level of lipid peroxidation was observed in D-galactose induced mice. In natural aging group highly significant increase (p<0.0001) in initial lipid peroxidation, ascorbate dependent lipid peroxidation and spontaneous lipid peroxidation was observed.Conclusion: The observations revealed that, lipid peroxidation was reversed in Bacoside A treated group which may be due to antioxidant property of Bacoside A. Thus Bacoside A is able to ameliorate the stress induced changes in lipid peroxidation during aging. The findings also provide a theoretical basis for the development of novel therapeutic formulations, such as antioxidant supplementation to boost antioxidant defenses in the body.

scholarly journals Experimental Evaluation of Prophylactic and Therapeutic Antioxidant Potential of Trimetazidine in Carbon Tetrachloride Induced Oxidative Stress in Rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijay Haribhau Mate ◽  
Vijaya Anil Pandit ◽  
Pradnya Hemant Padalkar ◽  
Chetan Shrirang More ◽  
Kapil S Khade
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Oxidative Stress Marker ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I

Introduction: Exposure to various drugs and chemicals lead to oxidative stress. Carbon Tetrachloride (CCl4) produces rise in oxidative stress leading to hepatic damage. The drug Trimetazidine (TMZ) shows hepatoprotective activity but its mechanism is not known. The present study would help in establishing antioxidant activity of TMZ as probable mechanism. Aim: To evaluate the antioxidant potential of TMZ in CCl4 induced oxidative stress when given prophylactically/therapeutically in rats. Materials and Methods: An experimental animal study was conducted on 80 adult Wistar rats of either sex (weight-150 to 200 gm) from March 2010 to December 2010 in Bharati Vidyapeeth Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India. Randomly, all animals were grouped into 10 equal groups. Group i was normal control (received only water). To induce oxidative stress CCl4 (0.5 mL/kg/d i.p.) was given to all the animals of Group ii to Group x for seven days. The TMZ was given in two doses, TMZ1 (5 mg/kg orally for Group iii and vii) and TMZ2 (10 mg/kg orally for Group iv and viii). Positive standard control (Group v and Group ix) received Liv.52 (1 mL/kg orally). Group vi and Group x received combination of TMZ1 (5 mg/kg orally)+Liv.52 (1 mL/kg orally). Drug treatment was given to animals in group iii, iv, v and vi for 1-14 days (preventive group) and in group vii, viii, ix and x from day 8 to day 14 (therapeutic group). On 15th day, rats were sacrificed and dissected for collection of liver. Part of the livers was homogenised to assess oxidative stress marker enzymes Malondialdehyde (MDA), Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) spectrophotometrically. Statistical analysis was done with one- way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) followed by post-hoc analysis (Dunnett’s test) using GraphPad Prism 5.0 software. Results: Trimetazidine (5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg) significantly reduced MDA levels and increased SOD levels when compared with CCl4 treated group suggested antioxidant activity. Combined administration of Liv.52 and TMZ1 also reduced oxidative stress and increased antioxidant activity. Conclusion: Results of the present study suggested that increased oxidative stress was significantly attenuated by drug TMZ in dose dependant manner when compared with the CCl4 group. The antioxidant potential of prophylactic and therapeutic administration of TMZ was comparable. The increased antioxidant effect by Liv.52+TMZ1 combination was only due to the additive antioxidant effects of Liv.52 and TMZ or any other mechanism was involved, needs to be further evaluated.

scholarly journals Biochemical and Histopathological Effects on Liver Profile due to Acute and Subacute Oral Toxicity of Somina on Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-81
Author(s):  
Aisha Azmat ◽  
Muhammad Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Toxicological Effect ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

Background: Limited research studies are reported regarding the toxicological effect of different herbal medicine already used in different countries. Objective: This research study was planned to examine the changes in liver (biochemical and histological) associated with oral administration of somina (acute and sub-acute) in rats. Methodology: Group– I served as control (saline), while other groups (II, III) were daily treated with somina at different doses of 0.285g/kg (group – II), 10g/kg/day (group – III), for 14 (set I), 21 (set II), and 30 (set III) consecutive days.  Each group contains 12 rats. During the study period, signs and behavioral changes, mortality, were observed. At the end of study period, blood sample was drawn directly from heart, for the estimation of liver enzymes: Bilirubin (BIL), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), serum glutamic pyruvic transferase (SGPT), aspartate aminotransferase (SGOT), Albumin (ALB) and total protein (TP). The liver was carefully dichotomized, weighed, and further processed for histopathological analysis. Results: Herbal drug somina was claimed to be practically non-toxic as in rats no mortality was recorded after the oral administration of somina (14, 21 and 30 consecutive days). Liver profile showed non-significant changes in treated group- II and III (P > 0.05), as compared to the control (group- I). The histopathological examination did not reveal any deteriorative effect. Conclusion: It was concluded that oral administration of somina did not produce any significant detrimental effects on rat liver (biochemical and histopathological parameters), even at doses of 10g/kg/day indicating its safe use.

scholarly journals Diosmin Alleviates Doxorubicin-Induced Liver Injury via Modulation of Oxidative Stress-Mediated Hepatic Inflammation and Apoptosis via NfkB and MAPK Pathway: A Preclinical Study

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1998
Author(s):  
Abdullah F. AlAsmari ◽  
Metab Alharbi ◽  
Faleh Alqahtani ◽  
Fawaz Alasmari ◽  
Mohammed AlSwayyed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Mapk Pathway ◽  
Preclinical Study ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Pre Treatment

Hepatotoxicity caused by chemotherapeutic drugs (e.g., doxorubicin) is of critical concern in cancer therapy. This study focused on investigating the modulatory effects of diosmin against doxorubicin-induced hepatotoxicity in Male Wistar rats. Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: Group I was served as control, Group II was treated with doxorubicin (20 mg/kg, intraperitoneal, i.p.), Group III was treated with a combination of doxorubicin and low-dose diosmin (100 mg/kg orally), and Group IV was treated with a combination of doxorubicin and high-dose diosmin (200 mg/kg orally) supplementation. A single dose of doxorubicin (i.p.) caused hepatic impairment, as shown by increases in the concentrations of serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase. Doxorubicin produced histological abnormalities in the liver. In addition, a single injection of doxorubicin increased lipid peroxidation and reduced glutathione, catalase, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels. Importantly, pre-treatment with diosmin restored hepatic antioxidant factors and serum enzymatic activities and reduced the inflammatory and apoptotic-mediated proteins and genes. These findings demonstrate that diosmin has a protective effect against doxorubicin-induced hepatotoxicity.

scholarly journals Berberine can amplify cytotoxic effect of radiotherapy by targeting cancer stem cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. BMT41
Author(s):  
Sanaa A El-Benhawy ◽  
Heba G El-Sheredy ◽  
Heba B Ghanem ◽  
Amira A Abo El-Soud
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stem Cell Markers ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Genes Expression ◽  
Diphenyl Tetrazolium Bromide ◽  
Mcf 7

Aim: Our objective was to investigate the effect of ionizing radiation (IR) and berberine on the expression of stem cell markers OCT4 and SOX2. Materials & methods: The study involved the following groups: Group I: MCF-7 spheroids as untreated control; Group II: MCF-7 spheroids treated with IR; Group III: MCF-7 spheroids treated with berberine; and Group IV: MCF-7 spheroids treated with berberine + IR. MCF-7 spheroids’ metabolic activity and viability was determined with 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay. OCT4 and SOX2 genes expression were assayed by real time-plymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results: IR and berberine treatment decreased the viability of MCF-7 spheroids and reduced OCT4 and SOX2 genes expression. Combining berberine with IR leads to a significant reduction in cell viability and OCT4 and SOX2 genes expression when compared with radiation alone treated group. Conclusion: Berberine showed to be a good candidate for further studies as a new anticancer drug in the treatment of breast cancer. Berberine has a radiosensitizing effect through targeting cancer stem cells.

scholarly journals Phytochemical screening and diuretic activity of Euphorbia granulata

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hammad Saleem ◽  
Irshad Ahmad ◽  
M. Shoaib Ali Gill
Keyword(s):  
Reference Group ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Diuretic Activity ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Diuretic Agent

<p>The aim of this study was to evaluate diuretic activity of aqueous methanolic extract of <em>Euphorbia granulate</em> in rats. Albino rats were divided into five groups. Group I served as reference, Group II as standard and Group III, IV and V served as test. The three doses of extract (30, 50 and 100 mg/kg) were given to rats (i.p) in acute diuretic model. Furosemide (10 mg/kg i.p) was used as standard drug. The extract induced diuretic effects and induced electrolytes excretion in a dose-dependent manner when compared with control. The extract (100 and 50 mg/kg) significantly (p&lt;0.01) increased the volume of urine in comparison to control group. Similarly, the excretion of potassium and sodium were also significantly (p&lt;0.05) increased following extract administration. However, there was no significant change in the pH of urine samples of the extract-treated group compared with control. The result of this study thus offers support to the traditional folker use of this plant as a diuretic agent.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals LIVER INJURY

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 1269-1275
Author(s):  
Zunera Hakim ◽  
Akbar Waheed ◽  
Bareera Hakim ◽  
Najam ul Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Antithyroid Drug ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Group I

Methimazole (MMI) is a widely used antithyroid drug for hyperthyroidism.However its clinical use is associated with many deleterious effects including hepatotoxicity.MMI induced liver injury is dependent upon bio-activation to toxic intermediates revealing theimportant role of drug metabolizing enzymes in generation of this adverse reaction. Studydesign: Randomized controlled laboratory trial. Period: 04 months from March 2015 to June2015. Settings: Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Army Medical College,Rawalpindi. Aim of the study: The effect of isoniazid (INH) on MMI induced hepatotoxicity wasevaluated in mice. Materials and Method: Thirty male BALB/c mice were randomly dividedinto five groups. Group I served as control group (C-I). Group II (C-II) served as control forINH treated group and received plain drinking water for ten consecutive days. Hepatotoxicitywas induced by single intraperitoneal injection of MMI at a dose of 1000mg/kg in Group III(MMI).Group IV (INH) received isoniazid (0.1%w/v) in drinking water for ten consecutive days.A separate group V (INH +MMI) of isoniazid pretreated mice was given MMI at eleventh day fordetermination of combined effect of both drugs. The extent of hepatic damage was determinedby estimation of serum ALT and ALP along with histopathological analysis of liver samples.Results: MMI resulted in markedly elevated ALT and ALP with hepatic inflammation. INHadministration produced no significant change in both serum biomarkers and histopathologyappearance. Pretreatment of INH with MMI produced insignificant escalation of liver enzymesand microscopic parameters. However, biochemical and histological comparison of this groupwith MMI group revealed statistically consequential differences. Conclusion: INH has beneficialrole in preventing MMI induced hepatic injury.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Effects of Different Doses of Vitamin B2 and Single Dose of Vitamin B12 Against Myelosuppression Induced by Cyclophosphamide in Experimental Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-142
Author(s):  
Waleed K. Ghanim ◽  
Nada N. Al-Shawi
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vitamin B2 ◽  
Group Vi ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

Cyclophosphamide is chemotherapeutic agent that utilized for the treatment of different malignancies; however its’ used associated with numerous adverse effects. Vitamin B2 and vitamin B12 suggested having myeloprotective effect. This work is designed to investigate the myeloprotective effect of both vitamins against cyclophosphamide induced myelosuppression. One hundred adult rats of both sexes were used in this study. The animals were randomly enrolled into ten groups of 10 rats each. Group I: Control group. Group II: Cyclophosphamide-treated. Group III and Group IV Orally-administered vitamin B2 (10, and 40 mg/kg/day), respectively alone for 7 days. Group V: Orally-administered vitamin B12 (0.1 mg/kg/day) alone for 7 days. Group VI and Group VII: Orally-administered vitamin B2 (10, and 40 mg/kg/day), respectively for 7 days and a single IP injection of cyclophosphamide (150 mg/kg) at day 7.Group VIII: Orally-administered vitamin B12 (0.1 mg/kg/day) for 7 days and a single IP injection of cyclophosphamide (150 mg/kg) at day 7. Group IX: Orally-administered a combination of vitamin B2 (10 mg/kg/day) and vitamin B12 (0.1 mg/kg/day) for 7 days and a single IP injection of cyclophosphamide (150 mg/kg) at day 7. Group X: orally-administered a combination of vitamin B2 (40 mg/kg/day) and vitamin B12 (0.1 mg/kg/day) for 7 days and a single IP injection of cyclophosphamide (150 mg/kg) at day 7. On day eight, animals were sacrificed and blood collected for CBCs and femur bone were extracted for bone marrow histological examination. Vitamin B2 and vitamin B12 significantly (P<0.05) increase CBCs; and the combination of vitamins produce -a significant (P<0.05) increase in CBCs compared to corresponding counts in other Groups, and -improve histopathological changes compared to Group II rats. In conclusion both vitamins may have myeloprotective effects against cyclophosphamide-induced myelosuppression.

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