Clinical diagnostics of patients with acute purulent mediastinitis

The objective of the study. To conduct an analysis of clinical diagnosis, symptoms and purulent mediastinal syndromes in patients with acute purulent mediastinitis (APM). Materials and methods of research. During 2000-2018 there were 65 patients with APM in the thoracic department of the Ivano-Frankivsk Regional Clinical Hospital. Research results. Clinical picture of APM consists of symptoms of the main disease and local manifestations of purulent process in the mediastinum: chest pain - in 62 (95.4%) patients, iPNiltrative changes and hyperemia of the thoracic wall were observed in 13 (20%), mediastinal emphysema at 29 ( 44.6%); general symptoms of endogenous intoxication: increased body temperature in 100% of patients, pallor of the skin in 34 (52.3%), cyanotic changes - in 24 (36.9%), shortness of breath - 37 (56.9%), tachycardia in 100% patients; clinical symptoms of damage to other organs of the mediastinum and chest: upper respiratory tract syndrome in 11 (16.9%), dysphagia in 9 (13.8%), hiccup in 2 (3.1%), hoarseness of voice in 6 (9.2%), cough - 23% (35.4%), exudative pleurisies - 6% (78.4%) and purulent pericarditis - in 18 (27.6%) patients. Conclusions. Knowledge of the symptoms and syndromes of acute purulent mediastinitis is the basis for timely diagnosis of this disease. A clear clinical interpretation of the symptoms of acute purulent mediastinitis allows suspect this disease already at the initial stages of providing medical care. Early diagnosis of acute purulent mediastinitis is one of the decisive factors in the successful treatment of patients.

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Complex treatment of diseases of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses at the present time

Medical Council ◽

10.21518/2079-701x-2021-18-134-139 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 134-139

Author(s):

V. M. Svistushkin ◽

K. V. Eremeeva

Keyword(s):

Nasal Cavity ◽

Paranasal Sinuses ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Local Treatment ◽

Silver Ions ◽

Upper Respiratory Tract ◽

Drug Induced ◽

High Incidence ◽

Upper Respiratory ◽

Pain Symptoms

The search for rational treatment of diseases of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses is due to the high incidence among the world's population. Despite the absolutely clear recommendations that would seem to greatly facilitate the choice and scope of therapy, it is extremely important to have a differentiated approach to each patient, depending on age, concomitant pathology, the nature of the course of the disease, the severity of clinical, primarily pain symptoms, and the presence of rhinogenic complications. Differential diagnosis of viral and bacterial acute rhinosinusitis (ARS) allows to avoid unreasonable prescription of antibiotics in the former case and choose therapy in such a way as to help relieve clinical symptoms, timely cure the disease and prevent complications. A systematic review of the literature was conducted with the analysis of scientific research data on the evaluation of the effectiveness of protargol or silver proteinate in the local treatment of upper respiratory tract diseases. A review of studies shows that silver proteinate has astringent, antiseptic and anti-inflammatory effects. The spectrum of antimicrobial action of silver is much wider than many antibiotics and sulfonamides. At the same time, pathogenic microflora is more sensitive to silver ions than non-pathogenic microflora. The analysis of the works also demonstrates the absence of adverse reactions when using this drug. The obtained data allow us to recommend preparations based on silver proteinate as a complex therapy for acute and chronic diseases of the nasal cavity and nasopharynx. The vasoconstrictive effect of protargol allows it to be used as an alternative to decongestants in order to avoid the development of drug-induced rhinitis and tachyphylaxis. Sialor® is a new, convenient, affordable, longer-shelf-life form of silver proteinate.

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COVID-19 pandemic in children of Сhernivtsi region: clinical features and annual treatment experience

CHILD`S HEALTH ◽

10.22141/2224-0551.16.3.2021.233907 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 225-232

Author(s):

O.K. Кoloskova ◽

T.M. Bilous ◽

N.V. Gopko ◽

M.B. Myroniuk

Keyword(s):

Dynamic Analysis ◽

Clinical Features ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Inpatient Treatment ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽

Upper Respiratory Tract ◽

The Third ◽

Upper Respiratory ◽

Inflammatory Syndrome

Background. The pandemic of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has been going on for more than a year and is a problem for the health care system worldwide. At the same time, there are few studies on the peculiarities of COVID-19 in children, in particular how clinical symptoms have changed during the year with the change of types of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. Objective was to conduct a retrospective generalized analysis of the clinical course, laboratory markers and features of treatment in pediatric cases of COVID-19 in Chernivtsi region. Materials and methods. Using the retrospective cohort method, 263 clinical cases of COVID-19 in children of the Chernivtsi region hospitalized for the period of March 2020 — March 2021 were analyzed. Results. In this work, a dynamic analysis was performed of the clinical features of COVID-19 course in the population of children of Chernivtsi region, who were hospitalized during March 2020 — March 2021 at inpatient departments with signs of infection caused by SARS-CoV-2. The first group included 65 patients who were treated in the second quarter of 2020, the second group consisted of 90 children who underwent inpatient treatment in the third quarter of 2020, the third group included 87 children who were treated in the fourth quarter of 2020, and the fourth group consisted of 21 children who underwent inpatient treatment in the first quarter of 2021. It was found that the frequency of complaints of malaise was due to infectious-inflammatory, intoxication and catarrhal symptom complexes, although in contrast to the onset of the pandemic, the complaints and signs of intoxication and asthenic syndromes, infectious-inflammatory syndromes, nonspecific neurological symptoms increased with a relatively stable rate of lesions of the upper respiratory tract. In the first quarter of 2021, there was an increase in cases of multisystem inflammatory syndrome (odds ratio = 6.5) and community-acquired pneumonia (odds ratio = 2.7). Conclusions. A dynamic analysis of the course of COVID-19 in children has demonstrated phenotypic deviations of the disease with torpidity to the prescribed treatment for nonspecific symptoms of disorders of the nervous system and gastrointestinal tract with a decrease in duration and severity of fever, increased incidence of pneumonia (odds ratio = 2.7) and multisystem inflammatory syndrome (odds ratio = 6.5).

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Arduino Promini-based Helmet Temperature Measuring Helmet with MLX90614-DCI Sensor

Procedia of Engineering and Life Science ◽

10.21070/pels.v1i1.862 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Wahyu ja’far siddiq ◽

Indah sulistiyowati

Keyword(s):

Body Temperature ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

The Body ◽

Shortness Of Breath ◽

Turn On ◽

Measurement Results ◽

Accuracy Level ◽

Human Body Temperature ◽

Body Temperature Measurement ◽

The Government

The Covid-19 pandemic that is currently spreading in Indonesia has claimed thousands of lives. Coronavirus Disease is characterized by the main clinical symptoms of fever >38 °C, coughing, to shortness of breath. In preventing its spread, the government conducts early detection by examining the main symptoms in the form of a fever and enforcing health protocols on each line. Therefore, we need an appropriate innovation that can make it easier for officers/guards to check human body temperature, especially in crowded places such as at airports, malls, or on the highway. Currently, body temperature measurement equipment is widely used, which allegedly made many errors in detecting it. Therefore, an innovative helmet was created that can be used by guards, security and even the police to detect body temperature based on the Arduino Pro Mini with the MLX90614-DCI sensor and the output is the real body temperature displayed on the LED screen. When the body temperature reads more than 38 °C, the helmet will turn on a buzzer and an LED to show that the target measurement is in a fever condition, and it is recommended going to the health center for further examination. This tool has been tested, and the sensor readings have an accuracy at a distance of 100 cm with several participants and the sensor readings are compared with the reading values from the alpha one thermometer and the measurement results have an accuracy level of 95%.

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Otorhinolaryngological manifestations of COVID-19

Polski Przegląd Otorynolaryngologiczny ◽

10.5604/01.3001.0014.8514 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jarosław Wysocki

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Tract ◽

Distress Syndrome ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Wide Spectrum ◽

Multiple Organ ◽

Upper Respiratory Tract ◽

Equilibrium System ◽

Similar Frequency ◽

Upper Respiratory ◽

Loss Of Strength

COVID-19 manifests itself in a wide spectrum of clinical symptoms, both in terms of their variety and severity. It can be asymptomatic or abortive, mild, moderate, severe and lightning, as septic with multiple organ failure and shock Typical leading symptoms of COVID-19 are: high fever poorly responding to drugs, severe loss of strength, chest pain, dyspnoea, pain headaches, bone and joint pain and muscle pain, until the onset of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). However, many publications mention among the possible symptoms also others, not related to the involvement of the lower respiratory tract. These are gastrointestinal disorders, damage to the central and peripheral nervous system, catarrh of the upper respiratory tract and dysfunctions of the sensory organs. The aim of this literature review was to determine the frequency of various head and neck dysfunctions that are part of COVID-19. Symptoms of conjunctivitis, nasal mucosa, pharynx and larynx are reported by about of patients, but they do not always occur at the same time, as in infections caused, for example, by rhinoviruses. Anosmi / hyposmia or ageusia / hypogeusia occur with a similar frequency. Symptoms of damage to the equilibrium system, such as dizziness, are reported by approx. 1/3, vertigo and hearing loss approx. 5-6%, tinnitus approx. 10% of patients. Reports of coexistence with COVID-19 of peripheral paresis of the facial nerve are so far relatively few and often included in the neurological disorders, the frequency of which is also about 1/3 of COVID-19 cases. Importantly, both catarrhal symptoms and the others listed here may precede, co-occur or follow the appearance of the leading symptoms of COVID-19. They can also be the only symptoms of this disease. This should prompt otorhinolaryngologists to be particularly vigilant in this regard

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Acute Stridor and Respiratory Failure due to Retrosternal Subglottic Stenosis of Unknown Origin

Case Reports in Emergency Medicine ◽

10.1155/2013/728405 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-4

Author(s):

Tharindu Vithanage ◽

Gerben Keijzers ◽

Nicola Jane Willis ◽

Tara Cochrane ◽

Linda Smith

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Failure ◽

Multidisciplinary Approach ◽

Unknown Origin ◽

Subglottic Stenosis ◽

Upper Respiratory Tract ◽

Shortness Of Breath ◽

Oral Antibiotics ◽

Night Sweats ◽

Upper Respiratory ◽

Tone Of Voice

Respiratory failure due to subglottic stenosis is a rare but serious condition. A 22-year-old male presented to the emergency department (ED) with shortness of breath, stridor, and change in tone of voice. The patient did not complain of B-symptoms (fever, weight loss, and night sweats). In the week before this presentation, he was diagnosed with an upper respiratory tract infection with associated bronchospasm and discharged on oral antibiotics and inhaled salbutamol without effect. He developed hypercapnic respiratory failure in the ED after a coughing episode. A normal nasopharyngoscopic examination and a subtle mediastinal abnormality on chest radiograph lead to a working diagnosis of retrosternal subglottic obstruction. The complexities of his airway management and suggestions for multidisciplinary approach are discussed.

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A quantitative exploration of symptoms in COVID-19 patients: an observational cohort study

10.1101/2020.10.26.20220137 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Gaojing Qu ◽

Junwen Chen ◽

Guoxin Huang ◽

Meiling Zhang ◽

Hui Yu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Digestive System ◽

Observational Cohort Study ◽

Upper Respiratory Tract ◽

Shortness Of Breath ◽

Associated Symptoms ◽

Observational Cohort ◽

Upper Respiratory ◽

Critical Type

AbstractBackgroundAs the spreading of the COVID-19 around the global, we investigated the characteristics and changes of symptoms in COVID-19 patients.MethodsThis was an ambispective observational cohort study, and 133 confirmed COVID-19 patients were included and all symptoms over the course were analyzed qualitatively. The symptoms, their changes over the course in the cohort and in the different clinical types, etc. were illustrated. Differences in different periods and severities were analyzed through Chi square test, association with severity was analyzed through LASSO binomial logistic regression analysis. Inter-correlation and classification of symptoms were completed. Major symptoms were screened and their changes were illustrated.ResultsA total of 43 symptoms with frequencies as 6067 in this cohort. Differences of symptoms in different stages and clinical types were significant. Expectoration, shortness of breath, dyspnea, diarrhea, poor appetite were positively but vomiting, waist discomfort, pharyngeal discomfort, acid reflux were negatively correlated with the combined-severe and critical type; dyspnea was correlated with the critical type. The 17 major symptoms were identified. The average daily frequency of symptoms per case was decreased continuously before the transition into the severe type and increased immediately one day before the transition and then decreased. It was decreased continuously before the transition date of the critical type and increased from the transition into the critical type to the next day and decreased thereafter. Dyspnea (P<0.001), shortness of breath (P<0.01) and chest distress (P<0.05) were correlated with death and their corresponding coefficient was 0.393, 0.258, 0.214, respectively.ConclusionThe symptoms of COVID-19 patients mainly related to upper respiratory tract infection, cardiopulmonary function, and digestive system. The mild type and the early stage in other types mainly related to upper respiratory tract infection. The cardiopulmonary function and digestive system associated symptoms were found in all other types and stages. Dyspnea was correlated with critical type and dyspnea, shortness of breath, and chest distress were correlated with death. Respiratory dysfunction (or incompleteness) associated symptoms were the characteristic symptoms. The changes of symptoms did not synchronously with the changes of severity before the transition into the severe or critical type.

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Characteristics of CoVID-19 in children: the first experience in the hospital of st. Petersburg

Journal Infectology ◽

10.22625/2072-6732-2020-12-3-56-63 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 56-63 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

E. A. Dondurey ◽

L. N. Isankina ◽

O. I. Afanasyeva ◽

A. V. Titeva ◽

T. V. Vishnevskaya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Test ◽

Clinical Laboratory ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Intensive Therapy ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽

Total Mortality ◽

Upper Respiratory Tract ◽

Epidemiological Features ◽

Upper Respiratory

Objective: to identify the clinical, laboratory and epidemiological features of the new coronavirus (CV) infection in the provision of specialized medical care to children in the megalopolis of the Russian Federation. Methods: 674 cases of hospitalization of patients from birth to 17 years old inclusive with confirmed COVID-19 in the period from March 26 to June 26, 2020 in a children’s multidisciplinary hospital in St. Petersburg. Diagnostics of SARS-COV-2 in upper respiratory tract (URT) smears was carried out by PCR (a set of reagents for detecting RNA of coronavirus 2019-nCoV by PCR with hybridization-fluorescence detection “Vector-PCRRV-2019-nCoV-RG”). Patients underwent 4 (3; 5) repeated examinations depending on the diagnosis of the referral, as well as the duration of the convalescent virus carriage. The analysis of the severity of the course of the disease, the main clinical manifestations and their relationship with the development of pneumonia, as well as the epidemiological features of COVID-19 in children. The duration of inpatient treatment, outcomes and the need for intensive care are described. Changes in a number of laboratory parameters on analyzers made in the USA were assessed: a clinical blood test on a hematological one - Coulter UniCel (Beckman Coulter), a biochemical blood test on a biochemical one - Uni Cel DxC (Beckman Coulter), a coagulogram on a hemostasis analyzer (Instrumentation Laboratory). Results: Overall, there was a favorable course of COVID-19 in children. Intensive therapy was required only in 3.6% of cases with a total mortality rate of 0.15%, Kawasakilike syndrome was recorded in 0.3% of cases. In 1/3 of patients, prolonged viral shedding from the upper respiratory tract was detected. In children, intrafamilial infection from adults was in the lead; schoolchildren accounted for half of all hospitalizations. A distinctive feature of the new infection was mild clinical symptoms with fever and catarrhal symptoms up to 4/5 of cases, gastrointestinal symptoms - in every third patient. There were no significant differences in the severity of the disease by age. Pneumonia, diagnosed in ¾ cases by computed tomography, complicated the course in 13.1% of cases. The defeat of the lungs was accompanied by fever and dry cough, and in a more severe course: desaturation, chest pains, a feeling of insufficiency of inspiration. The age peaks of the incidence of pneumonia were revealed: at 4, 9, 12 years old and at the age of 17 years, the maximum (in 1/3 of cases). Laboratory changes were insignificant and quickly reversible. Conclusion: the course of COVID-19 in children in the megalopolis of Russia is comparable with foreign information. However, taking into account the experience of “Spanish ‘flu”, it is possible that in pediatric practice the number of severe forms and unfavorable outcomes may change in the near future, especially due to the difficulty of diagnosing Kawasaki-like syndrome and the need for a multidisciplinary approach to the treatment of such patients. Currently, the most vulnerable to the new CV are children with severe oncological, neurological and cardiovascular pathology, who have a rapid decompensation of the underlying disease against the background of COVID-19.

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Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Caused by Human Adenovirus in Adults: A Prospective Observational Study in Guangdong, 2019–2020

10.21203/rs.3.rs-641948/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Zhan Wu ◽

Rong Zhang ◽

Dongdong Liu ◽

Xuesong Liu ◽

Jierong Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Tract ◽

Lower Respiratory Tract ◽

Clinical Characteristics ◽

Distress Syndrome ◽

Early Stage ◽

Invasive Mechanical Ventilation ◽

Viral Pneumonia ◽

Upper Respiratory Tract ◽

Shortness Of Breath ◽

Upper Respiratory

Abstract Background: Viral causes of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are mostly limited to influenza. However, adenovirus has been emerging as a cause of ARDS with a high mortality rate and described in adults are rare.Methods: We conducted a prospective, single-center observational study of viral pneumonia with ARDS and confirmed adenovirus-associated ARDS in adults at our quaternary referral institution between March 2019 and June 2020. We prospectively analyzed clinical characteristics, laboratory test results, radiological characteristics, viral load from nasopharyngeal swabs and endotracheal aspirates, treatments, and outcomes for the study participants.Results: The study enrolled 143 ARDS patients, including 47 patients with viral pneumonia-related ARDS, among which there were 14 adenovirus-associated ARDS patients, which accounted for 29.79% of the viral pneumonia-related ARDS cases. Among the adenovirus-associated ARDS patients, 78.57% were men with a mean age of 54.93 ± 19.04 years. Adenovirus-associated ARDS patients had no specific clinical characteristics, but they presented with shortness of breath and fever, and their initial chest radiographic findings were multifocal or showed diffuse opacity. The viral load and the positivity rate in the lower respiratory tract were higher than that of the upper respiratory tract in the patients with adenovirus-associated ARDS, and 85.71% of the patients had a significant decrease in the number of CD3+CD4+ T cells during the early stage. All patients required invasive mechanical ventilation treatment. The average time from shortness of breath to the application of invasive ventilation was 24 hours. The median duration of invasive mechanical ventilation was 22 days (14–75 days). Six patients (42.86%) required renal replacement therapy, and three patients (21.43%) required extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support. Additionally, 85.71% of the 14 adenovirus-associated ARDS patients survived.Conclusion: Adenovirus infection is an important cause of virus-related ARDS. The positivity rate of adenovirus infection in lower respiratory tract secretions was higher than that in upper respiratory tract secretions in these patients. Most of the patients had a significant decrease in the number of CD3+CD4+ T cells during the early stage. Early identification and intervention to prevent disease progression are essential for reducing the mortality rate in these patients.

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Haemophilus parasuis and Glässer’s disease in pigs: a review

Veterinární Medicína ◽

10.17221/5537-vetmed ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 51 (No. 5) ◽

pp. 168-179 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

K. Nedbalcova ◽

P. Satran ◽

Z. Jaglic ◽

R. Ondriasova ◽

Z. Kucerova

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Tract ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Animal Husbandry ◽

Haemophilus Parasuis ◽

Upper Respiratory Tract ◽

Virulent Strains ◽

Upper Respiratory ◽

High Doses ◽

The Brain ◽

Very High

Haemophilus parasuis is a common epiphyte of the upper respiratory tract of pigs. The factors of H. parasuis pathogenicity that enable some strains to be virulent and consequently cause a clinical disease have not been established yet. Fifteen serovars of H. parasuis have been described at present. Individual serovars differ in virulence, and considerable differences in virulence also exist within each serovar. Virulent strains can particularly participate as microorganisms secondary to pneumonia, cause septicaemia without polyserositis or Glässer’s disease characterized by polyserositis, pericarditis, arthritis and meningitis. Clinical symptoms of this disease are highly variable. Therefore, culture detection of causative agent, particularly from the brain, joints and polyserositis is an essential diagnostic tool. The disease caused by H. parasuis can be treated with antibiotics; however, oral or parenteral administration of very high doses of antibiotics is necessary. The level of animal hygiene and animal husbandry are important factors for prevention of this disease. Commercial or autogenous vaccines can be used in the immunoprophylaxis of pre-parturient sows and their progeny after weaning. For the production of autogenous vaccines, it is most effective to use isolates from animals with lesions present in CNS. Isolates recovered from arthritic and systemic sites of infection are less suitable and isolates recovered from lungs are not suitable at all because of their heterogeneity.

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