A forensic study of unnatural death in an oil-rich city in niger delta region of nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Uchendu J O ◽  
Ijomone E A ◽  
Nwachokor F N
Keyword(s):  
Niger Delta ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Accidental Death ◽  
Delta Region ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Unnatural Death ◽  
Niger Delta Region ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Government

Objectives: The study is aimed at assessing the profile of unnatural death in an oil-rich city in Niger Delta region. Method: This is a descriptive retrospective study of all homicidal, accidental and suicidal deaths examined forensically at theCentral hospital mortuary, Warri from January 2003 to December 2016. Results: Unatural death accounted for 802( 82.5% ) of all medicolegal cases examined within the study period. Homicidal, accidental and suicidal deaths accounted for 541(67.5%),(247) 29.7% and 14(1.1%)respectively of the unnatural deaths. A total of 713(88.9%) males and  89(11.1%)  females were encountered , giving a male-female ratio(MFR)of  8:1. The mean age of the victims is 32.7 years with the peak occurring in the 3rd decade.The most commonly used  weapon for homicidal death is firearms, accounting for 374(69.1%)  of cases. Accidental death result mainly from RTA, drowning, burns and electrocution whichrespectivelyaccounted  for 142(57.5%) 34(13.8%)26(10.5%)  and 19(7.7%) of the cases; and with a MFR of 6:1. 14 cases of suicides were encountered during the study involving 11 males and 3 females,  giving a MFR of 7:2. Conclusion: The causes of unnatural death are mainly preventable.The resultant premature death, affecting mainly males of productive age is a great source of concern. There is need for the government, the community and individuals to contribute their quotas in reversing this ugly trend.

scholarly journals Clustering of cardiovascular disease risk factors in a rural adult population in Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 765
Author(s):  
Chizindu Akubudike Alikor ◽  
Pedro Emem-Chioma
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Niger Delta ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Delta Region ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Farming Community ◽  
Niger Delta Region

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is responsible for one third of global deaths and is the leading contributor to global disease burden. A non-communicable disease survey done in Nigeria helped determine the prevalence of major CVD risk factors in the country and showed a rising trend in the prevalence. This study aims to determine the proportion of adults in a rural farming community in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria with clustering of the following CVD risk factors: hypertension, diabetes, obesity, dyslipidaemia, hyperuricaemia, ECG-LVH, smoking, heavy alcohol consumption and physical inactivity.Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional survey carried out in a rural farming community in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. Stratified sampling method was used to recruit study subjects aged 18 years and above and a total of 500 subjects completed the survey. Socio-demographic information, anthropometric, blood pressure and ECG measurements were obtained. Venous samples were collected and analyzed.Results: Five hundred subjects participated. There were 156 males and 344 females with male to female ratio of 1:2.3. The overall mean age was 41.32±17.0 with range of 18 years to 95 years. The mean age for males was 42.84±17.8 and females 40.62±16.6. Overall, 38.2%, of subjects had 2 or more risk factors. Additionally, 42.1% of males and 31.4% of females had ≥2 of these risk factors. Multivariate logistic regression showed higher clustering of risk factors with increasing age, male gender, Government staff and higher educational attainment.Conclusions: Clustering of CVD risk factors is high in this rural community of Nigeria and requires integrated approach to its prevention, detection and treatment.

A Statistical Discourse of the Climate of the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 15-33
Author(s):  
M Odigwe ◽  
S. I. Efe ◽  
A. O. Atubi
Keyword(s):  
Niger Delta ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Trend Test ◽  
Delta Region ◽  
Niger Delta Region ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

The study aimed at investigating the climate of the Niger Delta Region (NDR) of Nigeria. This is to ascertain the variations in rainfall and temperature in the Niger Delta Region. The study utilized the ex-post facto research design. The study utilized the annual rainfall and temperature time series data from 1925 – 2018 periods. That was generated from the archive of the Climate Research Unit (CRU) Ts 4.03 using Google earth. The grided points of 5ox5o high resolution of thirty-two (32) CRU Ts 4.03 stations were utilized for the study. In order to analyse the data on rainfall and temperature the descriptive statistical techniques were employed. While testing the formulated hypotheses, the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was utilized to decide the significant difference in stations, additionally the Turkey Test was utilized to decide were the difference in the mean lies, while the Mann-Kendell Trend Test was used to determine the upward and downward trends in rainfall and temperature. Thus, the study revealed that the mean distribution of rainfall and temperature in the Niger Delta region for the past ninety-four (94) years showed a downward and upward trend with a mean of 2238.3mm and 26.7oC in rainfall and temperature respectively. While, the highest and lowest rainfall (2600.7mm and 1854mm), was recorded in 1955 and 1984 which indicates an increase of 746.7mm. The highest and lowest temperature (27.4oC and 25.9oC) was recorded in 2017, 1976 and 1977 respectively which indicate a rise of 1.5oC. Furthermore, the study revealed that there is a statistically significant variation in rainfall in the Niger

scholarly journals Physicochemical properties, total hydrocarbon content, and trace metals of water and sediments from major River Estuaries within the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 587-597
Author(s):  
Godwin Asukwo Ebong ◽  
Richard Christopher John
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Niger Delta ◽  
Water Channels ◽  
Delta Region ◽  
Total Hydrocarbon ◽  
Niger Delta Region ◽  
Hydrocarbon Content ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Total Hydrocarbon Content

Water and sediment samples from Cross River, Imo River, and Qua Iboe River Estuaries were collected and treated using standard analytical procedures. The samples were analyzed for their physicochemical properties, total hydrocarbon content (THC), and trace metals. Results obtained revealed that, the mean levels of total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolved solids (TDS), turbidity, colour, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), THC, cadmium (Cd), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) in water were higher than their acceptable limits in Nigeria. Whereas, the mean levels water pH, electrical conductivity (EC), dissolved oxygen (DO), nitrate, sulphate, phosphate, and copper (Cu) were within their acceptable limits. The results obtained also revealed that, the mean levels of nitrate, THC, and Fe in sediments were higher than their recommended limits. While the levels of pH, EC, sulphate, phosphate, Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn in sediments were within their recommended limits. This study indicated that the anthropogenic activities by oil and oil-related companies within the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria may have contributed significantly to the high level of toxic substances in the water channels within the zone. The results obtained revealed that, the direct or indirect exposure to untreated water from the studied water channels may result in serious health challenges. Hence, the environment should be closely monitored to forestall a devastating situation in the region.

scholarly journals Illegal Oil Bunkering in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria: A Challenge to Nigeria’s Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (29) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tombari Bodo ◽  
Batombari Gbidum Gimah ◽  
Kemetonye Joy Seomoni
Keyword(s):  
Military Personnel ◽  
Niger Delta ◽  
National Interest ◽  
Delta Region ◽  
Financial Cost ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
Niger Delta Region ◽  
Militant Groups ◽  
The Government

Illegal oil bunkering is a regular activity in the Niger Delta region in Nigeria. Despite the huge financial cost on the part of the government and the multinational oil companies, the perpetrators of this business continue to expand their operations in the creeks. Illegal oil bunkering is now a booming business in the Niger Delta. It is believed to involve the different local militant groups in creeks, commodity traders, military personnel, international businessmen, and some indigenous oil servicing companies. The successes of illegal oil bunkering in Nigeria have been ascribed to both local and national interest as a result of the profits from this illegal oil business. This study critically examines the key actors of illegal oil bunkering; the root causes and consequences of illegal oil bunkering, and the solutions to the identified challenges.

scholarly journals Mirroring the Conflict Situation of the Oil-rich Niger Delta Region of Nigeria on the Screen: A Thematic Analysis of the Film - Black November

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-146
Author(s):  
Joseph M. Lucas ◽  
Fatima D. Vakkai ◽  
Tordue Simon Targema
Keyword(s):  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Niger Delta ◽  
Resource Curse ◽  
Delta Region ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
Niger Delta Region ◽  
The People ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The Government ◽  
The 1960S

This study examines the potentials of film in managing conflict in the oil rich Niger Delta region of Nigeria. This is against the backdrop that since the commencement of oil production in the region in the 1960s to date, it has continued to experience one form of armed conflict or the other. These manifest in several ways such as kidnapping of foreign oil workers, vandalization of oil facilities and confrontation with security operatives by militants, leaving adverse effects on the Nigerian economy which depends on crude oil as the major source of income. The paradox of plenty or resource curse that has come to characterize the region and how it can be addressed, therefore, is what prompts the current study. Using the Nollywood film- Black November, the study demonstrates that film is an instrument that can be used effectively to manage conflicts in the region. From the viewpoint of Singhal and Rogers’ Entertainment-Education approach, the study adopts thematic analysis to identify and discuss the various themes embedded in the film. Findings indicate that several forces are behind the intractable conflict in the region as contained in the film, such as exploitation of resident communities by multinational oil companies, environmental degradation occasioned by oil spillage and gas flaring, and gross injustice, insincerity and human rights abuse by security operatives that make the people lose faith and confidence in both them and the government which they represent. Other causes include betrayal and corruption on the part of community leaders and the burning fire of patriotism in the youth who are determined to fight for their rights. Given the rich thematic embodiment of the film, the study concludes that film has potentials which, if effectively harnessed, will go a long way in managing conflicts in the society.

scholarly journals Government Amnesty Programme and Peace Efforts in the Niger Delta Region: An Analysis of Newspapers’ Coverage

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (20) ◽  
pp. 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adeyemi Aderogba
Keyword(s):  
Niger Delta ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Delta Region ◽  
Daily Newspapers ◽  
Political Independence ◽  
Niger Delta Region ◽  
Oil And Gas Resources ◽  
Oil Workers ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Guardian

Nigeria has undergone not a few crises since the country gained political independence from Great Britain in 1960. One of the current crises is the agitation of the youths of the oil-rich Niger Delta region for the control of oil and gas resources located in their region. In a bid to stem down the tide of violent activities and its attendant obstruction of the economic development of not only the region but also that of the nation at large, the government introduced what it termed "Presidential Amnesty Programme". This paper examined the newspapers' coverage of the situation in the Niger Delta region at a period considered the peak of the crisis, that is 2007 and 2009 as well as the coverage of the situation during the amnesty period (from 6th August to 4th October 2009). Content analysis was employed for this study. The study period was divided into two, that is, pre- amnesty period and amnesty period. Two popular national daily newspapers were examined, that is the Punch and the Guardian newspapers. A total number of three hundred and two copies of the two newspapers selected for the study were content analyzed. One hundred and eighty two were examined for the first period and one hundred and twenty copies were looked into for the second period. Social responsibility theory was considered relevant to the study. It was discovered that violent activities were well pronounced before the commencement of amnesty programme. 47.8 percent of the newspapers content on the region for the period was on violent activities such as vandalism of oil installations, violent attacks on oil workers and kidnappings. However, "Presidential Amnesty Programme" significantly reduced tension as well as crime in the region. Only 13 percent of all the stories published in the two newspapers during the amnesty programme were on violence. Huge numbers of the former militants (about 30,000) embraced reconciliation and rehabilitation. Amnesty programme so far has proved to be huge success.

scholarly journals An Impact Assessment of the National Policy on Guidelines and Standards for Environmental Pollution Control in Nigeria, 1991: A Case Study of the Niger Delta

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 5155-5162
Author(s):  
Dr. Korikiye Wenibowei
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Niger Delta ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Delta Region ◽  
Gas Flaring ◽  
Niger Delta Region ◽  
The Government ◽  
Guidelines And Standards ◽  
The Impact

Oil exploration and exploitation has been on-going in the Niger Delta region in several decades. This has had disastrous effects on the region’s biodiversity and socio-economic environment. More importantly, the peoples’ sources of livelihood have been greatly affected due to pollution resulting from gas flaring and oil spills from explorative and exploitative activities. In the face of all these, there are existing laws and policies aimed at controlling and preserving the environment from total destruction. The main focus of this paper is the evaluation of the impact of the national policy on environment particularly the Federal Government Policy on the “Guidelines and Standards for Environmental Pollution Control, 1991” as a regulatory instrument for environmental management in Nigeria. The findings based on secondary data reveals that policies as guiding principles and regulations are essential but the enforcement of these policies have not been effective enough to attain the desired objectives for which they are enacted. The paper posits that the lack of enforcement of the policy on the guidelines and standards for environmental pollution control in Nigeria in the Niger Delta region has resulted in the continuous degradation of the region’s environment, producing very severe hardship on the people as this directly affect the economic sources of survival. The country’s dependence on crude oil revenue buttresses the lackluster approach by the government to environment law enforcement in the Niger Delta region. Thus, oil spillages and gas flaring is continuing in the Niger Delta region.

scholarly journals Deep Issues behind the Crisis in the Niger Delta Region: The Case of Oil Exploration in Ogoniland, Rivers State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Tombari Bodo
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Niger Delta ◽  
Oil Exploration ◽  
Delta Region ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Niger Delta Region ◽  
The People ◽  
The Government ◽  
Petroleum Development

This study was designed to mirror the deep issues behind the crisis in the Niger Delta region, using the oil exploration of Ogoniland as the case study and proffering possible solutions on how best to combat the identified problems. To achieve this aim, focus group discussions, unstructured interviews and oral testimonies were employed for the collection of data; and data analysis were carried out using simple coding for recognition, transcription from the local dialect to English Language, rewriting and interpretations. The results revealed that the people’s expectation from the Government and Shell Petroleum Development Company of Nigeria (SPDC) has not been met; illegal refineries and other criminal vices are now fully in operation in Ogoniland. The people blamed the Shell Petroleum Development Company, the Federal Government, some of their corrupt chiefs, Movement for the Survival of the Ogoni People (MOSOP) and some of the community youths for the problems in the communities. However, the Ogoni people believed that the full implementation of the United Nations Environmental Programmes (UNEP) report on Ogoniland and the Ogoni Bill of Rights will ameliorate all their sufferings. It was recommended that SPDC should avoid reaching agreements with the traditional rulers and politicians from Ogoni on projects bordering on development of the land that excludes the people. It was also recommended that SPDC should carry out town hall meetings, focus group discussions or even distribute questionnaires in the local communities in Ogoni communities to ascertain the best solutions from the local people (who are the majority) rather than taking only the decisions from Ogoni leaders, which may not be the consensus opinion of the people.

scholarly journals An analysis of Atrioventricular Canal Defect (AVCD) in Children in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria, West Africa

2020 ◽  
pp. 46-56
Author(s):  
P. N. Tabansi ◽  
B. E. Otaigbe
Keyword(s):  
Niger Delta ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Delta Region ◽  
Atrioventricular Canal ◽  
Genetic Syndrome ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Niger Delta Region ◽  
Atrioventricular Canal Defect ◽  
Mode 3

Aims: This was to determine the demographic and echocardiographic characteristics of AVCD patients and analyse the types of defect associated with the presence or absence of obvious phenotypic syndromes in children in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. Methodology: It is a prospective study of children with AVCD seen over a 5 years period. Data on age, gender, presence or absence of chromosomal/genetic syndrome, age at onset of symptoms and age at presentation to the hospital, parental age, echocardiographic description, and outcome were analysed. Results: Eighty-one cases of AVCD were analyzed with a male to female ratio of 1.1:1. Age ranged from birth to five years with a Mean Age of 5.5 months and Mode 3 months. There were more non-syndromic patients 46(56.8%) compared to 35(43.2%) patients with features of chromosomal syndrome. Complete AVCD with a common atrioventricular valve was the commonest findings in syndromic and non-syndromic children. Transitional AVCD was seen only in syndromic patients. Non-syndromic patients had more complex additional cardiac anomalies. Conclusion: That more than 50% of cases of AVCD seen were in non-syndromic children in the Niger Delta is worrisome because this is an oil exploratory region known for constant gas flaring and environmental pollutants.

scholarly journals Ex-Offender Reintegration and Sustained Peace in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria: Adopting a Socio-Economic Change Model Approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 47-56
Author(s):  
Benjamin A. Ubleble ◽  
John M. Agomoh ◽  
Anthony Chovwen
Keyword(s):  
Federal Government ◽  
Niger Delta ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Delta Region ◽  
Niger Delta Region ◽  
Oil And Gas Resources ◽  
The Government

AbstractThe Niger Delta of Nigeria rich in oil and gas resources has been plagued with series of armed conflicts characterised by massive youth restiveness. The peaceful coexistence of people in the region is often affected by the nature of oil and gas business determined by the political economy of the Nigerian state. By the statute of the Federal system of Government in Nigeria, all resources within the territorial boundary of the country belong to the Federal Government. The Government then pays a certain 13% derivation fund to the resource bearing states for development. The Federal Government equally sees to the development of the region through its statutory Agencies such as the Niger Delta Development Commission. All these efforts are yet to bring about infrastructural development and human capacity needs of the region. A consequence of this is the armed militancy and cult related violence that has engulfed the region. In this paper, an attempt is made to analyse the socioeconomic requisitions of a reintegration programme for ex-offenders seeking re-entry into mainstream society. An interventionist approach is recommended with effective monitoring and evaluation system for a socioeconomic reintegration of ex-offenders in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria.

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