scholarly journals SPATIAL PATTERN OF RESIDENTIAL BURGLARY. THE CASE STUDY: KUCHING, SARAWAK

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
Author(s):  
Norita Jubit ◽  
Tarmiji Masron ◽  
Azizan Marzuki
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Pattern ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Residential Burglary ◽  
Global Context ◽  
Police Station ◽  
The People ◽  
Road Data ◽  
Global Moran’S I

Residents in Malaysia are mostly concentrated in urban areas. However, people do feel worried about residential burglary despite living in urban areas. Although burglary cases have recorded a decline, the fears of crime are still high among the people in Kuching, Sarawak. The objective of this study is to identify the spatial pattern of residential burglary in Kuching, Sarawak. This study is using Global Moran’s I method as it can evaluate the spatial autocorrelation of residential burglary in the global context. The spatial data consists of Kuching district boundary, road data, police station boundary and police sector boundary, while non-spatial data includes residential burglary from 2015-2017, time, addresses of the crime occurrences, latitude and longitude. The result revealed that the strong global spatial patterns were found for residential burglary in Kuching, Sarawak between 2015 and 2017. However, there was no global spatial pattern found for residential burglary in 2016.

The European Union Never got Rid of Its Internal Controls

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iker Barbero
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
Basque Country ◽  
Internal Controls ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Police Station ◽  
The People ◽  
Northern Border ◽  
Border Town

AbstractThe police station in Irun, a border town between the Spanish and French states, has the highest inter-annual data of arrests of foreigners in irregular situations when compared to other police stations in the Basque Country. This pattern, of which many are unaware, is due to police identity checks in the border surroundings. The place where the border barrier was once, was occupied by a car toll booth constructed with a very particular structure: as a border, with cabins for police officers. In addition, the data for border readmission between these two states, under an agreement signed in 2002, requires special attention: 300,000 people were deported across the Northern border. 70% of the people detained in the French Detention Centre at Hendaia in 2015 were caught at the border. This case study on the Spanish-French border will shed some light on a disregarded topic: internal borders. Regulation in these areas is diverse. Many exceptions and specificities apply, in parallel or alternatively to the ordinary immigration rules, as a matter of exception to the law. In considering this, we need to rethink the image of a borderless Europe as stated by the Schengen agreement. Since the publication of Balibar’s essay ‘What is a border?’ (2005), the controls have multiplied all along the territory as a kaleidoscopic vision. Theeuinternal borders have never disappeared, but have mutated into a police managed model of internal borders.

scholarly journals Socio-Ecological Vulnerability Assessment and the Resulting in Spatial Pattern: A Case Study of Semarang City

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Visilya Faniza ◽  
Wisnu Pradoto
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Pattern ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Vulnerability Assessment ◽  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Ecological Systems ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Ecological Vulnerability

The aim of this paper is to examine the socio-ecological vulnerability and the resulting in spatial pattern on a city scale. The assessment methods for vulnerability-resilience in the social and ecological have been broadly examined, such as the Environmental Vulnerability Index (EVI) and disaster risk assessment by the BNPB (Badan Penanggulangan Bencana Nasional). However, in some cases, these methods are suitable only in disastrous vulnerability and on a larger scale. The assessment method of socio-ecological systems in this paper has been modified to a city-scale and per the data availability. By using spatial data, this paper analyses the connection between vulnerability-resilience of socio-ecological systems and land coverage pattern. Based on the case study, the finding shows that almost 28% of Semarang city areas are socio-ecologically vulnerable. Mostof the land use of the vulnerable areas is currently used for urban built-up area and agriculture. For future research, this method can be used for vulnerability assessment of the socio-ecological system in other cities and as a consideration for decision making in spatial planning.

scholarly journals Using Open Street Map Data in Environmental Exposure Assessment Studies: Eastern Massachusetts, Bern Region, and South Israel as a Case Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 2443
Author(s):  
Itai Kloog ◽  
Lara Kaufman ◽  
Kees de Hoogh
Keyword(s):  
Exposure Assessment ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Positional Accuracy ◽  
Beer Sheva ◽  
Environmental Exposure Assessment ◽  
Map Data ◽  
Road Data ◽  
Eastern Massachusetts ◽  
Exposure Methods

There is an increase in the awareness of the importance of spatial data in epidemiology and exposure assessment (EA) studies. Most studies use governmental and ordnance surveys, which are often expensive and sparsely updated, while in most developing countries, there are often no official geo-spatial data sources. OpenStreetMap (OSM) is an open source Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) mapping project. Yet very few environmental epidemiological and EA studies have used OSM as a source for road data. Since VGI data is either noncommercial or governmental, the validity of OSM is often questioned. We investigate the robustness and validity of OSM data for use in epidemiological and EA studies. We compared OSM and Governmental Major Road Data (GRD) in three different regions: Massachusetts, USA; Bern, Switzerland; and Beer-Sheva, South Israel. The comparison was done by calculating data completeness, positional accuracy, and EA using traditional exposure methods. We found that OSM data is fairly complete and accurate in all regions. The results in all regions were robust, with Massachusetts showing the best fits (R2 0.93). Results in Bern (R2 0.78) and Beer-Sheva (R2 0.77) were only slightly lower. We conclude by suggesting that OSM data can be used reliably in environmental assessment studies.

Making Heritage in Hong Kong: A Case Study of the Central Police Station Compound

2010 ◽  
Vol 202 ◽  
pp. 381-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnes Shuk-mei Ku
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Collective Memory ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
Spatial Politics ◽  
Police Station ◽  
The People ◽  
Central Police

AbstractThis article is a case study of state–society–capital conflicts over the preservation of the Central Police Station (CPS) compound in Hong Kong during 2003–08. The conflict was between two fundamentally different approaches to urban space: a cultural economy approach that took culture and space as a source of economic profit, and an opposition discourse of preservation that emphasized cultural, historical and humanistic values as an end. The struggle turned out to be a moderate success for anti-commercialism. Drawing on and extending the notions of collective memory and spatial politics, this article examines how the various civil society actors, in their struggle against commercialism, sought to define and enhance the cultural value of the site through a variety of discourses and practices relating to history and space. It addresses the specific question of why and how certain constructions of collective memory succeed (or fail) to work with certain places in particular instances. The study shows that memories of the CPS compound contained both state-associated and people-associated accounts, between which the former prevailed. The state-associated account was embedded in a familiar, hegemonic story about Hong Kong, which, via an abstract process of symbolization around the notion of the rule of law, successfully turned the compound into an iconic symbol of identification for the city. Beyond this, the civil society actors sought also to generate a sense of lived space associated with the people, and the outcome was mixed.

scholarly journals Social-Economics Integration of Dualistic Settlement Environment at Urban Areas in Indonesia (Case Study in Yogyakarta City)

2004 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Baiquni
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Pattern ◽  
Economic Integration ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Social Economics ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
New Phenomena ◽  
Yogyakarta City

Dualistic pattern of settlement is a new phenomena in some areas of Indonesian cities. Such phenomena may reate increasing tensions which lead to emerging potential onflicts among different groups. In managing such potential conflicts, it is important to study many aspects of dualistic settlements, not only in term of physical spatial pattern but also socio-economic pattern in various strate as well as various location in the urban and it surround. This research is aimed at understanding the characteristic and process of emerging dualistic sttlements in Indonesia, further this research attempt to study the pattern and the forms of socio-economic integration of the community. The research approach is aimed at understanding the characteristic and process of emerging dualistic settlement in Indonesia, futher this research attempt to study the pettern and the form of socio-economic integration of the community.

APPLICATION OF KERNEL DENSITY ESTIMATION TO IDENTIFY MOTORCYCLE THEFT HOT SPOTS IN KUCHING, SARAWAK

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norita Jubit ◽  
Tarmiji Masron ◽  
Azizan Marzuki
Keyword(s):  
Density Estimation ◽  
Kernel Density Estimation ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Kernel Density ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Sector Boundary ◽  
Police Station ◽  
Road Data

Motorcycle theft is the most frequently reported cases worldwide, including in Malaysia. This study aims to identify the hot spot areas for motorcycle theft in Kuching. The spatial data include police station sector boundary, road data and latitud and longitude data while attribute data consists of motorcycle theft by year, address of the incident and time. Kernel Density Estimation (KDE) helps to find the hot spot areas of motorcycle theft. Motorcycle theft in Kuching has been reported as more frequent during the day at 54.8% and at 45% during the night from the year 2015 to 2017. Hot spot locations change by year and time. The study found that most of the hot spot areas of motorcycle theft were detected within the Sentral boundary. This indicates that the city centre is an area with a high density of motorcycle theft. This study can help authorities to improve the prevention measures for motorcycle theft while the findings can help in preventing motorcycle theft by police sector boundary.

scholarly journals Pencapaian Masyarakat Informasi Ditinjau Melalui Implementasi Program Kelompok Informasi Masyarakat (KIM) (Studi Kasus Implementasi Program KIM di Jawa Timur di Wilayah Rural (KIM Nglanduk dan KIM Warurejo) dan Wilayah Urban (KIM Mojod dan KIM Swaraguna)

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Reni Puspita Sari
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Program Implementation ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Information Society ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Community Group ◽  
The People ◽  
The Government

This study assesses the level of achievement of the information society through the implementation of the program KIM. KIM is the Kelompok Informasi Masyarakat which is a program of the Indonesian government to seek the realization of the information society in Indonesia. KIM is designed as a group formed independently so that the development will be an independent community group. The purpose of this study was to see how the achievement of the information society through the implementation of the program is reviewed KIM. So as to provide input to the government related to how the achievement of the information society and also related input KIM program. With a qualitative research approach, the method used in this research is a case study. The case studies carried out in two different areas of the rural areas and urban areas in East Java. Based on the results obtained, that the condition of the people is still far from the realization of the information society. The condition of society is still at the level of society aware of the information, even in rural areas there are still many people who are less aware of the information. It is caused by the KIM program implementation is still less than the maximum. There are many obstacles, so that the KIM program requires evaluation to achieve program objectives which is to make the people of Indonesia as an information society.

scholarly journals 3DGIS-Based Multi-Agent Geosimulation and Visualization of Building Evacuation Using GAMA Platform

2014 ◽  
Vol XL-2 ◽  
pp. 87-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. G. Macatulad ◽  
A. C. Blanco
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Building Evacuation ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Gis Applications ◽  
3D Space ◽  
The People ◽  
Multi Agent ◽  
Traditional Approaches

Recent GIS applications have already extended analyses from the traditional 2-2.5D environment (x,y,attributes) to 3D space (x,y,z,attributes). Coupled with agent-based modeling (ABM), available 3DGIS data can be used to develop simulation models for improved analysis of spatial data and spatial processes. One such application is on building evacuation for which ABM is integrated with 3D indoor spatial data to model human behavior during evacuation events and simulate evacuation scenarios visualized in 3D. The research presented in this paper develops a multi-agent geosimulation model for building evacuation, integrating 3DGIS dataset of the case study building as input in ABM using the GAMA simulation platform. This model is intended to complement and improve traditional approaches in building evacuation planning and management such as earthquake and fire drills. The initial model developed includes PEOPLE agents to model the building occupants, and FLOORS, ROOMS, INDOOR_PATHS and EXIT_POINTS agents, which are modeled from the 3DGIS layers. The INDOOR_PATHS and EXIT_POINTS agents influence the movement of PEOPLE agents. Test simulations were performed involving PEOPLE agents placed in rooms of the building based on potential number of occupants computed based from the floor area of each room. The PEOPLE agents are programmed to find the shortest path along the INDOOR_PATHS towards the EXIT_POINTS instance designated for each room of the building. The simulation computes for the total time it takes for all PEOPLE agents to exit the building.

Do Smart City Solutions Contribute to the Achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals?

2022 ◽  
pp. 22-44
Author(s):  
İhsan İkizer
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
The People ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Urban Problems ◽  
Multiple Actors

Sustainable development and smart city have been two key concepts that are mentioned and referred to in any discussion on our cities. Today, more than half of the people live in cities, and the problems that we face in urban areas ranging from climate change to transportation, from waste management to communicable diseases, threaten the future of our cities and next generations. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) were adopted by the world leaders at the UN Summit in 2015 in order to save our planet, our generation, and next generations. As the problem is global, the solution needs to be global; and as the problem is a result of multiple actors, the solution needs to be provided by the collaboration of multiple stakeholders. Smart city has emerged as a concept that offers several solutions to the urban problems, which also overlap with most of the targets listed in the SDGs. In this chapter, the contribution of smart city technologies to the achievement of the SDGs is analysed through the in-depth case study of Istanbul, a mega city with a population of around 16 million.

scholarly journals Policy Zoning Method for Innovation Districts to Sustainably Develop the Knowledge-Economy: A Case Study in Hangzhou, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3503
Author(s):  
Jiwu Wang ◽  
Chengyu Tong ◽  
Xuewei Hu
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Impulsive Behavior ◽  
Urban Inequality ◽  
Suitability Evaluation ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Economic Developments

Innovation districts, as a particular place for knowledge-based urban development strategies, have been praised for promoting sustainable economic developments. They have, however, been criticized for contributing to gentrification, urban inequality, and other problems that hinder sustainability. There has been little research addressing how planners maintain economic sustainability and promote the social and environmental sustainability of innovation districts. This paper takes Hangzhou as a case study, using the policy zoning—a new zoning method based on suitability evaluation—to formulate the applicable place plan for building innovation districts. The results show that the policy zoning can help planners arrange the construction of innovation districts in certain urban areas and take the most targeted measures to improve the sustainability of possible innovation districts. These measures include either enhancing the foundations of the metropolitan area or promoting innovation development by referring to suitability evaluation results. Planning based on policy zoning is of benefit to the sustainability of innovation districts through avoiding the impulsive behavior of policymakers, as well as promoting the better distribution of development achievements among the people, rather than concentrating on land developers and stakeholders who pursue maximum profits.

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