scholarly journals Evaluation of a Dutch Educational “Driving While Intoxicated (DWI)” Prevention Program for Driving Schools

1995 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin E. Kayser ◽  
Gerard M. Schippers ◽  
Cees P. F. Van Der Staak
Keyword(s):  
Prevention Program ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Traditional Curriculum ◽  
School Students ◽  
Behavior Intention ◽  
Behavior Intentions ◽  
One Year ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

A DWI prevention program for driving schools consisting of a videotape, slides, a textbook, and a manual was developed and evaluated. Effects of the program on knowledge, attitude, behavior intention, and self-reported DWI behavior were measured by means of a pretest, posttest, one-year follow-up evaluation design. Two-hundred and eight driving school students followed the program and participated in all three measurements. A control group of 228 pupils followed a traditional curriculum without the DWI program and also participated in all three measurements. Principal findings were that knowledge improved, attitudes and behavior intentions were already positive at pretest, DWI was equally reported by both groups, and there was a positive effect on riding with an intoxicated driver.

scholarly journals Penggunaan VCD dan Leaflet untuk Peningkatan Pengetahuan, Sikap, dan Perilaku Siswa dalam Pencegahan Kecelakaan Sepeda Motor

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 373
Author(s):  
Mulyono Notosiswoyo
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Accident Prevention ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
School Students ◽  
Motorcycle Accident ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

Indonesia belum mempunyai kebijakan penyuluhan pencegahan kecelakaan sepeda motor yang efektif. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menilai efektivitas penggunaan visual compact disk (VCD) dan leaflet terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku siswa SLTA dalam pencegahan kecelakaan sepeda motor di Kota Bekasi pada tahun 2010. Desain penelitian yang digunakan quasi experiment dengan rancangan equivalent pretest and post-test with control group, dengan intervensi pemutaran VCD dan pemberian leaflet. Sampel dihitung berdasarkan uji 2 proporsi, diperoleh sampel minimal 211 untuk yang di intervensi dan 211 untuk kontrol. Mereka diambil dari siswa SLTA kelas I dan kelas II yang sering mengendarai sepeda motor. Evaluasi hasil intervensi dilakukan setelah tiga bulan. Alat pengumpul data adalah kuesioner yang telah diuji coba. Analisis data menggunakan uji Kolmogorov-Smirnov, uji-t berpasangan dan uji-t independen. Hasil penelitian menunjukan uji-t berpasangan pada kelompok yang di intervensi meningkatkan rerata skor pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku siswa SLTA sebelum dibandingkan sesudah pemutaran VCD dan pemberian leaflet bermakna (nilai p < 0,05), tetapi pada kelompok kontrol hanya terjadi peningkatan rerata skor perilaku sebelum dibandingkan sesudah adanya perlakukan. Sedangkan, hasil uji-t independen menunjukan hanya pada rerata skor variabel pengetahuan terdapat perbedaan peningkatan skor antara kelompok intervensi dan kelompok kontrol yang bermakna (nilai p < 0,05). Kesimpulannya, penyuluhan menggunakan VCD dan leaflet dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan siswa SLTA dalam pencegahan kecelakaan sepeda motor.Indonesia does not have a policy of promotion motorcycle accident prevention. The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of the Visual Compact Disks and leaflets to increase in knowledge, attitudes and behavior of the motorcycle accident prevention on high school students in Bekasi City. The method used a non-randomized quasi experimental pretest and post-test control group design. Samples are high school students as a intervention group and vocational high school students as a control group in Bekasi in 2010. Three months after the intervention, conducted an evaluation to assess the increasing of knowledge, attitudes and behavior of a motorcycle accident prevention. Data collection was a questionnaire that was tested. Analysis of the data using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, paired t-test and independent t-test. The result of the study shows that the paired t-test in the intervention group mean scores improve knowledge, attitudes and behavior of high school students before than after playback of VCDs and leaflets giving significant (p value < 0.05), but in the control group only increased the mean behavior scores before than after the introduction of treatment. While the results of the independent t-test showed only the mean score difference variable increase in knowledge scores between the groups in the intervention and control groups were significant (p value < 0.05). To conclude, extension using VCD and leaflets can improve high school students’ knowledge in the prevention of a motorbike accident.

RELATED FACTORS TO RELAPSE IN DEPRESSED PATIENTS AFTER COGNITIVE BEHAVIOURAL THERAPY DURING ONE YEAR PROSPECTIVE FOLLOW-UP

2011 ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
Nhu Minh Hang Tran ◽  
Huu Cat Nguyen ◽  
Dang Doanh Nguyen ◽  
Van Luong Ngo ◽  
Vu Hoang Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Relapse Rate ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Depressed Patients ◽  
One Year

Objectives: To determine factors impact on the relapse in depressed patients treated with Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) during one year follow-up. Materials and Methods: 80 depressed patients divided into two groups, group 1: included 40 patients treated with CBT; group 2: 40 patients on amitriptyline. Non-randomized controlled clinical trial, opened, longiditual and prospective research. Results and Conclusions: relapse rate after CBT during 1 year follow-up is 10% (compared to 25% in control group), related factors to relapse rate in depression after CBT are age and education. Shared predictors between 2 groups are severity and recurrence of depression. Key words: Depression, relapse, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

scholarly journals Effects of a psychosocial intervention at one-year follow-up in a PREDIMED-plus sample with obesity and metabolic syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Núria Mallorquí-Bagué ◽  
María Lozano-Madrid ◽  
Cristina Vintró-Alcaraz ◽  
Laura Forcano ◽  
Andrés Díaz-López ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Psychosocial Support ◽  
Food Addiction ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lifestyle Recommendations ◽  
One Year ◽  
Mediational Role

AbstractThis study examines if overweight/obesity are related to higher impulsivity, food addiction and depressive symptoms, and if these variables could be modified after 1 year of a multimodal intervention (diet, physical activity, psychosocial support). 342 adults (55–75 years) with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) from the PREDIMED-Plus Cognition study were randomized to the intervention or to the control group (lifestyle recommendations). Cognitive and psychopathological assessments were performed at baseline and after 1-year follow-up. At baseline, higher impulsivity was linked to higher food addiction and depressive symptoms, but not to body mass index (BMI). Food addiction not only predicted higher BMI and depressive symptoms, but also achieved a mediational role between impulsivity and BMI/depressive symptoms. After 1 year, patients in both groups reported significant decreases in BMI, food addiction and impulsivity. BMI reduction and impulsivity improvements were higher in the intervention group. Higher BMI decrease was achieved in individuals with lower impulsivity. Higher scores in food addiction were also related to greater post-treatment impulsivity. To conclude, overweight/obesity are related to higher impulsivity, food addiction and depressive symptoms in mid/old age individuals with MetS. Our results also highlight the modifiable nature of the studied variables and the interest of promoting multimodal interventions within this population.

Long-term effects of an intensive prevention program (IPP) after acute myocardial infarction – the IPP Follow-up and Prevention Boost Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
H Wienbergen ◽  
A Fach ◽  
S Meyer ◽  
J Schmucker ◽  
R Osteresch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Prevention Program ◽  
Study Endpoint ◽  
Funding Source ◽  
Risk Factor Control ◽  
One Year

Abstract Background The effects of an intensive prevention program (IPP) for 12 months following 3-week rehabilitation after myocardial infarction (MI) have been proven by the randomized IPP trial. The present study investigates if the effects of IPP persist one year after termination of the program and if a reintervention after &gt;24 months (“prevention boost”) is effective. Methods In the IPP trial patients were recruited during hospitalization for acute MI and randomly assigned to IPP versus usual care (UC) one month after discharge (after 3-week rehabilitation). IPP was coordinated by non-physician prevention assistants and included intensive group education sessions, telephone calls, telemetric and clinical control of risk factors. Primary study endpoint was the IPP Prevention Score, a sum score evaluating six major risk factors. The score ranges from 0 to 15 points, with a score of 15 points indicating best risk factor control. In the present study the effects of IPP were investigated after 24 months – one year after termination of the program. Thereafter, patients of the IPP study arm with at least one insufficiently controlled risk factor were randomly assigned to a 2-months reintervention (“prevention boost”) vs. no reintervention. Results At long-term follow-up after 24 months, 129 patients of the IPP study arm were compared to 136 patients of the UC study arm. IPP was associated with a significantly better risk factor control compared to UC at 24 months (IPP Prevention Score 10.9±2.3 points in the IPP group vs. 9.4±2.3 points in the UC group, p&lt;0.01). However, in the IPP group a decrease of risk factor control was observed at the 24-months visit compared to the 12-months visit at the end of the prevention program (IPP Prevention Score 10.9±2.3 points at 24 months vs. 11.6±2.2 points at 12 months, p&lt;0.05, Figure 1). A 2-months reintervention (“prevention boost”) was effective to improve risk factor control during long-term course: IPP Prevention Score increased from 10.5±2.1 points to 10.7±1.9 points in the reintervention group, while it decreased from 10.5±2.1 points to 9.7±2.1 points in the group without reintervention (p&lt;0.05 between the groups, Figure 1). Conclusions IPP was associated with a better risk factor control compared to UC during 24 months; however, a deterioration of risk factors after termination of IPP suggests that even a 12-months prevention program is not long enough. The effects of a short reintervention after &gt;24 months (“prevention boost”) indicate the need for prevention concepts that are based on repetitive personal contacts during long-term course after coronary events. Figure 1 Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Foundation. Main funding source(s): Stiftung Bremer Herzen (Bremen Heart Foundation)

Celebrity Endorsements and Voter Emotions: Evidence From Two Experiments

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 648-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony J. Nownes
Keyword(s):  
Presidential Election ◽  
Control Group ◽  
General Notion ◽  
Election Campaign ◽  
Hillary Clinton ◽  
Factual Information ◽  
Celebrity Endorsements ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior ◽  
Presidential Election Campaign

Here, I report the results of two randomized, posttest only, control group, survey experiments in which respondents were exposed to factual information about celebrity support for Hillary Clinton during the 2016 presidential election campaign. Based on previous research, I hypothesize that celebrity endorsements will affect the emotions of enthusiasm, anger, and anxiety vis-à-vis Secretary Clinton. My results provide support for the general notion that celebrity endorsements can affect voter emotions. Specifically, I find that celebrity endorsements profoundly decreased the negative emotions of anger and anxiety vis-à-vis Secretary Clinton. My research suggests that a broad range of stimuli may affect voter emotions, which in turn affect political attitudes and behavior.

The Influence of the Research-based Monograph Book to Improve Pre-Service Teachers’ Knowledge, Attitude, and Behavior

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 292-302
Author(s):  
S. D. Suryani ◽  
M. Amin ◽  
F. Rohman
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Literacy ◽  
Environmental Knowledge ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Knowledge Domain ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Literacy Knowledge ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

This study intends to analyze the influence of the research-based monograph book as a learning resource to improve pre-service teachers’ knowledge, attitudes, and behavior towards the environment. This study is a quasi-experimental study using the Nonequivalent Control Group design. The research sample is 67 pre-service biology teachers using Cluster Sampling. Data were collected using environmental literacy instruments and analyzed descriptively and using the ANCOVA test. The results of the ANCOVA test showed that there was a significant effect on the use of the monograph book on environmental literacy. Knowledge domain obtained 0.047, attitude domain 0.186, and behavioral field 0.986 This research concludes that using the monograph book in learning affects aspects of ecological and environmental knowledge. Nevertheless, it has not had a significant effect on parts of attitude and behavior.

Use of Trained Mothers to Teach Interviewing Skills to First-Year Medical Students: A Follow-up Study

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula L. Stillman ◽  
Darrell L. Sabers ◽  
Doris L. Redfield
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
School Curriculum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
First Year ◽  
Feedback Session ◽  
Optimal Learning ◽  
Interviewing Skills ◽  
One Year ◽  
First Year Medical Students

This report describes an attempt to evaluate the effectiveness of "trained mother" interviews early in the medical school curriculum. As an adjunct to a first-year course that teaches interviewing techniques, half of the students were exposed to an interview with one of three trained mothers early in the course. This treatment interview was immediately followed by a feedback session which concentrated on the content and process of interviewing. At the end of the course, all students had an evaluative interview. Those students who had an initial interview and feedback session with a trained mother scored significantly higher on both the content and process of their interviews than the control group. This technique is an effective and efficient way to teach interviewing skills to medical students prior to entering any of their clinical clerkships. A follow-up assessment conducted one year later indicated that one interview with a trained mother is sufficient for optimal learning and that the skills learned are retained over at least that period of time.

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